scholarly journals Integrated Pest Management: A Paradigm for Modern Age

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamanreet Kaur ◽  
Mandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Maximum Economic Yield ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive

Integrated pest management is an effective and environmentally sensitive approach for pest management. It plays an important role in sustainable agriculture and quality of food production by providing maximum economic yield to the farmer and also improving human health and environment. Recent developments in agricultural technology, modern communication tools, changing consumer trends, increased awareness for sustainably produced food systems, and globalization of trade and travel, have necessitated the need for the IPM paradigm as appropriate for modern times. Although the concept of integrated pest management originated almost 60 years ago, currently integrated pest management is a robust paradigm of pest control around the globe. This chapter reviews the history of integrated pest management, its main principles, and components of integrated pest management such as host plant resistance, cultural control, behavioral control, mechanical/physical control, biological control, and chemical control.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Water Regimes and Spacing on Insect Pest Infestation and Efficacy of Control Measures in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. A. Oso ◽  
G. O. Awe
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
And Control

Aim: Information on the influence of water availability during different seasons of rainfed or irrigated agriculture as it relates to insect pest population build-up in crops could assist in the development of integrated pest management. A study was therefore conducted to investigate effects of spacing, pest infestation and control on cucumber under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Place and Duration of Study: At the Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria during the 2016/2017 rainy and dry seasons. Methodology: The experiment was laid out using randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a split-plot arrangement in five replications, with spacing (60 x 60 cm, 60 x 90 cm and 60 x 120 cm) as the main plot treatments and the sub-plot treatments were different pest control strategies. The pest control strategies include synthetic insecticide (Lambda-cyhalothrin), botanical insecticide (Anogeissus leiocarpus) and control. Growth parameters and yield attributes were recorded. Insect pest occurrence, their build-up and percentage infestation on cucumber and the efficacy of the management strategies were monitored. Results: The results showed that yield was enhanced in irrigated system with the widest spacing of 60 x 120 cm botanical treatment interaction. Bemisia tabaci was the most prominent insect pest attacking cucumber under irrigated system. Conclusion: Other cultural control practices such as the use of trap crops with little or no financial implication should also be added to botanical pesticides as an integrated pest management tactic for effective management and control of the pest.

Alka Ptonuria Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 364-366
Author(s):  
Bhawan B. Bhende
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Inheritance ◽  
Homogentisic Acid ◽  
Dark Urine ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapy ◽  
Collagenous Tissue ◽  
Reduce Life Expectancy ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of

Alkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare disorder of autosomal recessive inheritance. It is caused by a mutation in a gene that results in the accumulation of homogentisic acid (HGA). Characteristically, the excess HGA means sufferers pass dark urine, which upon standing turns black. This is a feature present from birth. Over time patients develop other manifestations of AKU, due to deposition of HGA in collagenous tissue namely ochronosis and ochronotic osteoarthropathy. Although this condition does not reduce life expectancy, it significantly affects quality of life. The natural history of this condition is becoming better understood, despite gaps in knowledge. Clinical assessment of the condition has also improved along with the development of a potentially disease-modifying therapy. Furthermore, recent developments in AKU research have led to new understanding of the disease, and further study of the AKU arthropathy has the potential to influence therapy in the management of osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Economic and environmental effects of Integrated Pest Management program: A case study of Hau Giang province (Mekong Delta)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Trung Dung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Management Program ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Technical Programs ◽  
Economic Injury ◽  
Rice Intensification

Since many years, the agro-technical programs such as "3 reduction 3 increase", "1 must 5 reduction" and System of Rice Intensification (SRI) have been carried out with definite results. Recently, IPM program (integrated pest management) – a more comprehensive measure (using all possible techniques and methods to keep the pest populations below a level causing economic injury) – has been firstly piloted on a large scale in the Mekong Delta. This paper presents the main results of piloting IPM program in 2,610 hectares during 2014-2017 in Hau Giang province. As results, farmers have better economic benefit in production; the quality of rice has been gradually improved and can overcome the technical barriers of advanced countries in rice trade such as US, EU and Japan. In addition, the environmental and ecological consequences can be avoided due to overuse of fertilizer and pesticide. Field ecosystems will be gradually restored. Từ nhiều năm nay những chương trình kỹ thuật nông nghiệp như "3 giảm 3 tăng", "1 phải 5 giảm" và hệ thống canh tác lúa cải tiến (SRI) đã được áp dụng và đã có những kết quả nhất định. Còn chương trình quản lý dịch hại tổng hợp IPM - một biện pháp tổng hợp và tích cực hơn (sử dụng tất cả các kỹ thuật và biện pháp thích hợp có thể được, nhằm duy trì mật độ của các loài gây hại dưới mức gây ra những thiệt hại kinh tế) –  được thực nghiệm đầu tiên trên diện rộng ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long. Bài báo này trình bày những kết quả chính trong thử nghiệm ở 2.610 ha lúa trong thời gian 2014-2017 ở ở tỉnh Hậu giang. Kết quả là quản lý dịch hại ở ngưỡng cho phép, người nông dân có lợi hơn về kinh tế trong sản xuất, chất lượng gạo từng bước được cải thiện và có khả năng vượt qua các hàng rào kỹ thuật trong thương mại lúa gạo của các nước tiên tiến như USA, châu Âu, Nhật Bản. Ngoài ra tránh được hệ quả về môi trường sinh thái do sử dụng quá mức phân bón hóa học và ô nhiễm do thuốc bảo vệ thực vật và hệ sinh thái đồng ruộng dần được phục hồi.

Alternative futures of agricultural pest management

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Bird
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Alternative Futures ◽  
Current State

AbstractThe nature of integrated pest management (IPM) is discussed in relation to the history and current state of science, agriculture and pest management. The potential for future development and adoption of IPM is evaluated in relation to three alternate future models. It is concluded that IPM will have an important role to play in relation to management of the environment and our future quality of life.

scholarly journals Developing an Integrated Pest Management for the Control of Groundnut Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) [Homoptera: Aphididae] in Ganye Area Adamawa State-Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Oaya C. S.
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Physical Control ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Number Of Branches

Field experiment was carried out under rain-fed conditions during the 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Agricultural Technology, Adamawa State College of Agriculture, Ganye, solely to develop an integrated pest management for the control of groundnut Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) [Homoptera: Aphididae]. The experimental Design used was the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Parameters measured were, average number of leaves per plot at 6 weeks after sowing, number of branches at 3 weeks after sowing, number of branches at 6 weeks after sowing, number of pods per plot, weight of harvested seeds per plot. The result obtained shows that, there was significant difference among the treatments in all the parameters measured at 0.05 level of probability using the Least Significant Difference (LSD). According to the results recorded, the highest mean yield of groundnut was obtained on plots treated with the combination of chemical and physical control methods (1444g) followed by plots treated with physical, chemical and cultural control methods combined (1296g). The highest mean number of pods per plant was recorded in the combination of physical, chemical and cultural control methods (18.00) followed by chemical and physical control methods as combined (15.00). The work shows that, the cultivation of groundnut with the control of groundnut Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) using integrated pest control applied as recommended facilitates better growth and guarantees good crop yield. The use of physical, chemical and cultural control method is profitable in Ganye Area of Adamawa State and is therefore suggested for use to local farmers.

scholarly journals Esophageal Stenting in the Setting of Malignancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Martinez ◽  
Matthew M. Puc ◽  
Roderick M. Quiros
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Symptom Palliation ◽  
Esophageal Stenting

Esophageal cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, with many patients found to have locoregional or metastatic disease at time of diagnosis. Because of this, cure may be unlikely, leading treatment efforts to focus more on symptom palliation and improving patient quality of life. The majority of patients with advanced disease suffer from some degree of dysphagia. Palliative efforts are therefore directed at relieving dysphagia, allowing patients to manage their oropharyngeal secretions, reduce aspiration risk, and maintain caloric intake orally. A variety of endoscopic treatment modalities have been utilized with these objectives in mind, with options determined by the location and size of the tumor, as well as the patient's expected prognosis. In this article, we review the use of endoscopically-placed stents for palliation in patients with advanced esophageal cancer. We discuss the history of stent use in such cases, as well as more recent developments in stent technology. We give an overview of some of the more commonly used stents in practice, discuss the technique of insertion, and survey the short- and long-term outcomes of stent placement.

scholarly journals Master Gardener's Confidence and Use of Integrated Pest Management

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-816
Author(s):  
Mary H. Meyer ◽  
Rhoda Burrows ◽  
Karen Jeannette ◽  
Celeste Welty ◽  
Aaron R. Boyson
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Advanced Training ◽  
North Central ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Question Survey

The North Central Consumer Horticulture Working Group developed and distributed a 14-question survey to determine the confidence of north-central U.S. extension Master Gardeners (MGs) in making integrated pest management (IPM) recommendations and their use of IPM. The online survey was completed by 3842 MGs in Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. MGs indicated they personally engaged in a range of IPM practices, including prevention, monitoring, cultural, and chemical controls. However, 81% indicated a need for more training in identifying diseases, and 65% say they needed more training in identifying insects. Only 16% indicated they had received advanced pest management training within the past 5 years. These MGs had higher mean scores for confidence, as well as prevention, monitoring, and cultural control and chemical awareness/control practices than those not participating in advanced training. Years of experience as an active MG and confidence in using IPM-related garden activities were correlated positively (r = 0.261). MGs with advanced pest management training were more confident in making IPM recommendations to other gardeners and were much more likely to use IPM practices than MG without advanced training.

Electron investigations of rhabdovirus-like particles in mexican bean beetles and crickets

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
J. R. Adams ◽  
G. J Tompkins ◽  
A. M. Heimpel ◽  
E. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Epilachna Varivestis ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Bean Beetle

As part of a continual search for potential pathogens of insects for use in biological control or on an integrated pest management program, two bacilliform virus-like particles (VLP) of similar morphology have been found in the Mexican bean beetle Epilachna varivestis Mulsant and the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L. ).Tissues of diseased larvae and adults of E. varivestis and all developmental stages of A. domesticus were fixed according to procedures previously described. While the bean beetles displayed no external symptoms, the diseased crickets displayed a twitching and shaking of the metathoracic legs and a lowered rate of activity.Examinations of larvae and adult Mexican bean beetles collected in the field in 1976 and 1977 in Maryland and field collected specimens brought into the lab in the fall and reared through several generations revealed that specimens from each collection contained vesicles in the cytoplasm of the midgut filled with hundreds of these VLP's which were enveloped and measured approximately 16-25 nm x 55-110 nm, the shorter VLP's generally having the greater width (Fig. 1).

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