scholarly journals Perspectives of Hydrologic Modeling in Agricultural Research

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miha Curk ◽  
Matjaž Glavan
Keyword(s):  
Hydrologic Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Pollution Research

For decades agricultural research was done in the field or laboratories, but with the rise of computer science, hydrologic modeling became another essential tool for environmental impact studies. Many types of models can be used, each with its strengths and weaknesses in terms of accuracy, speed, and amount of input data needed. Models can be used on different scales and simulate very different processes. Based on a literature review, APEX (Agricultural Policy Extender) and SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) models are the most popular for environmental research in agronomy. An important share of modeling work in agronomic studies is focused on pollution research, mainly nutrient and pesticide leaching and soil erosion processes. Other topics include simulating the effects of irrigation and other agricultural practices and studying the impact of extreme weather events and climate change. When working with model results, it is crucial to be mindful of inevitable uncertainties and consider them during interpretation. Modeling is gaining importance in agronomic research in Slovenia, with many studies done in the recent decade and more underway.

Effect of climate extremes on the grain yield and quality of cereals

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bencze ◽  
K. Balla ◽  
B. Varga ◽  
O. Veisz
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

A long-term experiment was started in 2005 in the Agricultural Research Institute to monitor the effects of extreme climatic events on the grain yield, quality and disease resistance of cereals. The yield was poor in 2007 due to the long dry period from autumn till spring, while it was high in 2006 and 2008 when there was more precipitation. The grain quality was the highest in 2007, however, despite the extreme weather events. Fungicide treatment generally resulted in higher yield potential and better grain quality in every year.

scholarly journals Province of Cádiz Coastal Management Programme

2020 ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
Irene Ares Sainz ◽  
Pablo Quero García ◽  
Pedro José Zarandona Palacio
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coastal Management ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Western Spain ◽  
Ecological Transition

The coast of the province of Cádiz (south-western Spain) is a high ecological value area and great socioeconomic importance: coastal municipalities account more than 60% of the province’s population and support key development sectors (tourism, shipbuilding, maritime traffic, etc.). It is also a fragile, dynamic and complex system affected by many human pressures. Climate change is also threatening coastal areas. Its evidences are becoming increasingly clear in the province: intensification of coastal erosion processes, sea level rise or an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. The Provincial Government of Cádiz has developed, with support of the Ministry for the Ecological Transition through the Biodiversity Foundation, a Coastal Management Programme with the aim to face climate challenge by integrating adaptation in coastal municipalities’ planning and management. Through a participatory process, 57 measures to be implemented in the short/medium term have been defined targeting the field of information and knowledge, education and communication, training, cooperation and assistance to municipalities and resources. In a complementary way, Covenant for the Sustainability of the Coast has been launched, as a tool for communication, coordination and inter-administrative cooperation in the provincial coastal area. Support material and capacity building actions for local entities’ representative have been developed. The Programme also includes actions to support environmental education on climate change on the coast. Keywords: Adaptation, integrated coastal management, climate change, municipality, Cádiz.

scholarly journals Identifying agricultural disaster risk zones for future climate actions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260430
Author(s):  
Nkongho Ayuketang Arreyndip
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Trade Network ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Sub Saharan

Identifying agricultural disaster risk regions before the occurrence of climate-related disasters is critical for early mitigation planning. This paper aims to identify these regions based on data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the bilateral and multilateral trade network data of the World Integrated Trade Solution(WITS) and the agent-based economic model Acclimate. By applying a uniform forcing across agricultural sectors of some breadbasket regions (US, EU and China), when single and simultaneous extreme weather events occur, such as the 2018 European heatwave, production and consumption value losses and gains are calculated at regional and global levels. Comparing the FAO data sets, WITS, and Acclimate’s production value losses, the results show a strong dependence of agricultural production losses on a region’s output and connectivity level in the global supply and trade network. While India, Brazil, Russia, Canada, Australia, and Iran are highly vulnerable, the imposition of export restrictions to compensate for demand shortfalls makes Sub-Saharan Africa the most vulnerable region, as it is heavily dependent on agricultural imports. In addition, simultaneous extreme weather events can exacerbate the loss of value of agricultural production relative to single extreme weather events. Agricultural practices to increase production such as smart farming, increased investment in plantation agriculture, and diversification of trading partners can help mitigate future food security risks in Sub-Saharan Africa and other agricultural import-dependent regions.

A Summary of the Recent Extreme Weather Events and Their Impacts on Electricity

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Küfeoğlu ◽  
Samuel Prittinen ◽  
Matti Lehtonen
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Events

Modelling the Bioclimatic Niche of a Cohort of Selected Mite Species (Acari, Acariformes) Associated with the Infestation of Stored Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-416
Author(s):  
V. M. Tytar ◽  
Ya. R. Oksentyuk
Keyword(s):  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Species Distribution Modeling ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Stored Products ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Contemporary Climate ◽  
Future Management

Abstract In this study an attempt is made to highlight important variables shaping the current bioclimatic niche of a number of mite species associated with the infestation of stored products by employing a species distribution modeling (SDM) approach. Using the ENVIREM dataset of bioclimatic variables, performance of the most robust models was mostly influenced by: 1) indices based on potential evapotranspiration, which characterize ambient energy and are mostly correlated with temperature variables, moisture regimes, and 2) strong fluctuations in temperature reflecting the severity of climate and/or extreme weather events. Although the considered mite species occupy man-made ecosystems, they remain more or less affected by the surrounding bioclimatic environment and therefore could be subjected to contemporary climate change. In this respect investigations are needed to see how this will affect future management targets concerning the safety of food storages.

Urban Population Knowledge of Climate Change in Costa Rica and Nicaragua

2013 ◽  
pp. 55-76
Author(s):  
Sergio A. Molina Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
International Policies ◽  
General Concern

Most scenarios indicate that people in developing countries are more vulnerable and less capable of adapting to climate change. Since our public understanding of risk toward climate change in developing countries is limited, this article presents results from Costa Rica and Nicaragua, two countries which are socio-economically distinct, but which are expected to suffer similar extreme weather events. From October of 2008 until May 2010, a total of 1,047 respondents were surveyed in cities of both countries. The main results indicate that climate change is a widely known concept but other notions such as “carbon footprint” are foreign to most respondents. Despite the general concern with its negative consequences, respondents’ foremost concern is linked to their socioeconomic situation, and how it will be impacted by climate change in such aspects as poverty and social security. The results presented here contribute to advance national and international policies aiming to support mitigation or adaptation strategies in developing countries.

Are Value Stocks More Exposed to Disaster Risk? Evidence from Extreme Weather Events

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew G. Lanfear ◽  
Abraham Lioui ◽  
Mark Siebert
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Value Stocks ◽  
Weather Events

Reliability, Resilience and the Oncoming Wave of Retiring Baseload Units, Volume I: The Critical Role of Thermal Units During Extreme Weather Events

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Balash, PhD ◽  
Kenneth C. Kern ◽  
John Brewer ◽  
Justin Adder ◽  
Christopher Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Events
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