The article presents the results of studies assessing the structure of cellular concrete using a photo-optical method based on the use of a modern approach from the standpoint of information technology. Based on the photo-optical method, a reverse formulation of the problem is also possible: on the basis of a given percentage of porosity of the material, obtain the most optimal pore arrangement (type of packaging) that meets the specified strength and thermal conductivity of aerated concrete. Having a specific type of image of aerated concrete obtained as a result of modeling, otherwise, a specific type of packing of pores of certain sizes that meets the required (specified) characteristics, then, we can set the technological task of obtaining it.