scholarly journals NIS and The South Stream: Lost in the fog

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Vladimir Medović
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
South Stream

TurkStream as Russia’s Last Step in Diversification: A Win-Win Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Winter 2021) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Erdağ
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The South ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
The North ◽  
South Stream ◽  
The Eu

This article discusses why Russia replaced the South Stream project with the TurkStream by changing its route and name, and why Turkey is involved in a project on the North-South line although it plays a vital role in the Trans-Anatolia Natural Gas Pipeline (TANAP) project in the southern gas corridor. The article first examines the Russia-Ukraine natural gas crisis. It then moves to analyze the reasons behind Russia’s changing of the name and the route of the South Stream project. After exploring Turkey’s involvement in the project, the article concludes by arguing that both countries adopted a win-win approach toward the project that Russia has gained a significant tariff advantage and freedom from the EU third-party-access rule. The article claims that although both Russia and Turkey have different perspectives on some issues in international politics, they can develop their cooperation with a win-win approach in the TurkStream project.

Bulgarian party split may help revive Russian gas plan

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
European Commission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Political Support ◽  
The South ◽  
Content Type ◽  
South Stream ◽  
Pipeline Project

Significance Mestan also implied that Borisov and Dogan were allied in promoting Russian interests in Bulgarian politics -- while Bulgaria's 'yellow press' accuses him of being a Turkish puppet. On January 13, Borisov dismissed reports that he was keen to revive the South Stream gas pipeline project, but confirmed that Bulgaria was lobbying the European Commission for a Varna gas hub that would revive at least the underwater part of South Stream bringing Russian natural gas to Europe. Impacts DPS realignment will strengthen Borisov's hand domestically, but alienate Turkey and worry the United States. His interest in a gas hub enjoys overwhelming support in both government and opposition, with only about 20 deputies likely to oppose it. Broadly coinciding with Russian interests, the hub must now secure EU financial and political support, in the teeth of US opposition.

scholarly journals Energy strategy of Russia and Serbia: Echo of the “South Stream”

Vojno delo ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 28-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srdjan Perisic ◽  
Violeta Talovic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Strategy ◽  
The South ◽  
South Stream

South Stream Deepwater Pipeline System: A Case for Waiving the Hydrotest

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Timmermans ◽  
Arjen Meijer ◽  
Sakir Ethembabaoglu
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
The South ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Offshore Pipeline ◽  
South Stream ◽  
Internal Volume ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Stream Lines ◽  
Pipeline Design

The traditional scope of pre-commissioning for a pipeline system includes filling the pipeline with liquid (typically water) and pressure testing to confirm the integrity and leak-tightness of the system. This methodology is described in almost all design codes, and typically represents an important criterion for the acceptance of the completed system by the owner / operator. As the industry takes on offshore pipeline systems in deeper and deeper water, the relevance of this traditional approach has come into question. Specifically, it is not clear that the benefit of hydrotesting a deepwater pipeline system outweighs the costs, risks and potential environmental impact. For this reason DNV introduced the possibility of ‘waiving’ (= omitting) the hydrotest in OS-F101, its offshore standard for submarine pipeline design. In order to waive the system hydrotest, OS-F101 demands that specific, additional conditions be satisfied to ensure that the overall level of safety is maintained. To date, only two smaller pipeline projects have received such a hydrotest waiver. The South Stream Offshore Pipeline project, which is presently approaching its implementation phase, will be the third. South Stream comprises four 32-inch diameter pipelines each with a length of approximately 930 km and traversing water depths up to 2,200m. The South Stream project is re-defining the state-of-the-art in offshore pipelines. Due to the extreme water depth, harsh seabed and large internal volume of the South Stream lines, traditional hydrostatic testing would not be the most environmentally friendly and risk averse solution to ensure pipeline integrity and safety. This paper will present the main requirements and associated solutions for the South Stream pipelines in order to obtain a DNV OS-F101 hydrotest waiver, including: • Review of the benefits and challenges for deepwater pipeline hydrotest • Discussion of the DNV OS-F101 waiver requirements • Implementation of the waiver requirements on South Stream

Full Scale Application of Thermal Ageing in Line Pipe Material Selection for Deepwater Pipelines

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Kerstens ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Duane DeGeer
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Thermal Ageing ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
The South ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Material Development ◽  
South Stream

Comprising 4 pipelines over 900 km in length, with 32-in diameter and traversing water depths over 2200 m, the South Stream project requires a step-out in technology application. Following several years of preparation, the project is now approaching its implementation. In order to document the reliability of the collapse resistance for South Stream, an extensive material development program was initiated and executed, including small scale, medium scale, and full scale testing on over one hundred purposely manufactured pipe joints by world’s 5 leading mills. Testing performed included plate tests, full scale collapse tests on various combinations of plate sources, steel grades, and thermal ageing condition, pressure-bend tests, and reverse bending tests. A large number of medium and small scale tests were performed to allow the development of a suitably reliable statistical database for the probabilistic wall thickness design. In addition, programs were developed and executed for weldability tests, performing over one hundred trial welds, and for H2S resistance tests. This material development program was built on INTECSEA’s extensive experience with deep water large diameter pipelines (i.e. Oman-India, Blue Stream, Medgaz, Mardi Gras, IGI, etc.). Due to its extent and rigorous approach the South Stream material development program was able to conclusively prove the feasibility of the selected technological approach at an industrial scale. This paper provides an overview of the key design issues that were successfully addressed and the major technological advances that have been implemented as part of the linepipe material development process for deepwater pipelines in an H2S containing environment. The practical significance of this program is to optimize the wall thickness to a level that is manufacturable by the industry and hence enables the South Stream Project to proceed with its unprecedented depth and diameter combination.

The Hellenistic period construction from the excavations of « The Estate «Vinogradnik» in 2015

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
О.П. Куликова ◽  
О.Ф. Жупанин ◽  
А.А. Иванов
Keyword(s):  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
The South ◽  
South Stream ◽  
Stone Walls

The article is devoted to the results of security and rescue studies conducted in 2015 by the expedition of NAO «NASLEDIE KUBANI» on the settlement of Hellenistic time of «The Estate «Vinogradnik» in the zone of the Hellenistic time construction of the coastal section of the gas pipeline « South stream», to the south of Varvarovka village in the resort city of Anapa, Krasnodar Territory. In 2015 the remains of buildings buried in the ground space and well-preserved stone walls were discovered during the excavation of site II with the area of 133 sq. m. Two rooms with a revealed well - remained hearth were traced in total. Judging by findings, the investigated building complex can be carried to the III – second half of the II century BC. The results of the work of 2015 confirm the earlier assumption about the belonging of the monument to the rural settlements of the agricultural neighborhood Gorgippyia.

Presidential Republicanism in the South, 1960

1962 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Cosman
Keyword(s):  
The South
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