scholarly journals El cabildo de curas y beneficiados de Toledo en la segunda mitad del siglo XV. Composición y aspectos institucionales (1455-1488) = The Chapter of Priests and Incumbents of Toledo in the Second Half of the Fifteenth Century. Composition and Institutional Aspects (1455-1488)

2018 ◽  
pp. 521546
Author(s):  
Jesús Olivet García-Dorado
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Institutional Aspects

Este trabajo tiene como objeto fundamental el estudio de las cofradías clericales en la Baja Edad Media, en concreto el Cabildo de Curas y Beneficiados de Toledo en la segunda mitad del siglo XV. Mediante el estudio de cuatro obituarios de esta institución, se puede conocer la composición y el desarrollo institucional de estas corporaciones y su importancia en el medio social, donde desarrollaron sus actividades.The main purpose of this article is to study clerical brotherhoods in the late Middle Ages, specifically the Chapter of Priests and Incumbents of Toledo in the second half of the fifteenth century. The composition and the institutional development of these corporations and its meaning in the social environment, where they carried out its activities, can be determined through the study of four of this institution’s obituaries.

Why This Time and Place?

Born to Write ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Neil Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Late Fifteenth ◽  
The Revolution

From about the late fifteenth century onwards, literature and learning acquired increased importance for the social position of noble and elite-commoner families in France. One reason is the expansion and rise to prominence of the royal office-holder milieu, which had no exact equivalent in, say, England, where the aristocracy was much smaller than the French nobility and where there was no equivalent of the French system of venality of office. In France, family literature often helped extend across the generations a relationship between two families—that of the literary producer and that of the monarch. From the late Middle Ages, the conditions for family literature were made more favourable by broad social shifts. Although this study focuses mainly on the period from the late fifteenth to the mid-seventeenth century, it is likely that the production of works from within families of literary producers thrived especially up to the Revolution.

scholarly journals La ruptura de un equilibrio. El siglo XV y la paulatina ocupación y degradación de los espacios naturales zaragozanos = Breaking a Balance. The Fifteenth Century and the Progressive Occupation and Degradation of the Natural Spaces in Zaragoza

2020 ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
David Lacámara Aylón
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
General Movement ◽  
Precise Moment

El surgimiento de la conciencia social en torno a la necesaria conservación de los espacios naturales ha llevado a la intervención de diversos actores que se han involucrado en un intento por frenar su degradación y desaparición. Pero dicho proceso hunde sus raíces en épocas que se remontan varios siglos y que se relacionan con la evolución misma de la sociedad principalmente occidental y sus necesidades. A través de la búsqueda documental primaria se pretende rastrear el momento en el que se produjo precisamente la ruptura entre el ser humano y el entorno natural en el que se desenvolvía y mostrar la manera en que dicha evolución comenzó a ser palpable en Zaragoza a fines de la Edad Media. Ello permite trazar una visión global del fenómeno, sus motivaciones primigenias y las consecuencias que tuvo en los comienzos de un movimiento general de antropización del espacio que derivó hasta llegar a nuestros días.AbstractThe emergence of the social awareness about the necessary preservation of natural spaces has led to the engagement of different actors which have been involved in an attempt to counter their degradation and disappearance. But this procedure is deeply rooted in ancient epoques related to the evolution of the western society and its needs. Through the primary documentary search it is intended to trace the precise moment when the break between the human being and the natural environment where he lived and to show the way in which this evolution began to be tangible in Zaragoza during the Late Middle Ages. This allows to outline a global vision of this phenomenon, its original motivations and the consequences that it had at the begining of a general movement of anthropization which derived until our time.

A Crooked Mirror for Princes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlína Rychterová
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Bourgeois Culture ◽  
Mirrors For Princes

This chapter examines the growing importance of the vernacular languages during the later Middle Ages in shaping the form, content, and audiences of political discourse. It presents a famously wicked king of the late Middle Ages, Wenceslas IV (1361–1419), as a case study and traces the origins of his bad reputation to a group of fourteenth- and fifteenth-century writings. These have often been dismissed as fictions or studied solely as literature, but in fact they represent new modes of articulating good and bad kingship. The chapter shows that, in the context of an increasingly literate bourgeois culture, especially in university cities, these vernacular works transformed Latin theological approaches to monarchy, while rendering mirrors for princes and related literatures accessible to an unprecedented audience.

MARCEL PAGNOL'S THE BAKER'S WIFE, A CINEMATIC CHARIVARI IN POPULAR FRONT FRANCE

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRETT BOWLES
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Popular Front ◽  
Partisan Politics ◽  
National Union ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of

Taking an anthropological approach, this article interprets Pagnol's critically acknowledged classic as a reinvention of a carnivalesque ritual practised in France from the late middle ages through the late 1930s, when ethnographers observed its last vestiges. By linking La Femme du boulanger (The baker's wife, 1938) to contemporaneous debates over gender, national decadence, and the definition of French cultural identity, I argue that the film recycles the charivari's long-standing function as a tool of popular protest against social and political practices regarded as detrimental to the welfare of the nation. In the context of the Popular Front, Pagnol's charivari ridiculed divisive partisan politics pitting Left against Right, symbolically purged class conflict from the social body, and created a new form of folklore that served as a focal point for the communitarian ritual of movie-going among the urban working and middle classes. In so doing, the film promoted the ongoing shift in public support away from the Popular Front in favour of a conservative ‘National Union’ government under Prime Minister Edouard Daladier, who in 1938–9 assumed the role of France's newest political patriarch.

A new attribution to Brassart?

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-43
Author(s):  
Peter Wright
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Middle Ages

A badly trimmed ascription can be more a matter for relish than regret: if enough of the composer's name survives to permit informed speculation, the musicologist's sense of pleasure is likely to outweigh his sense of loss. Most musical manuscripts from the late Middle Ages have visibly suffered at the hands of the binder's knife, but perhaps none more so than the famous ‘Aosta Manuscript’ (I-AO15), one of the central sources of early fifteenth-century sacred polyphony. In his inventory of the manuscript Guillaume de Van reported no fewer than twenty names as surviving in varying states of incompleteness. In fifteen instances he was able to decipher the composer's name or supply it from the manuscript's index or a concordant source, while the other five apparently defeated him. Two of the names have since been deciphered, and a third has been identified from another source, but the remaining two have attracted no further comment.

The New Entities of Abbacus and Renaissance Algebra

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roi Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Philosophy Of Mathematics ◽  
Mathematical Practice ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Negative Numbers ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Mathematical Signs

This chapter offers a historical narrative of some elements of the new algebra that was developed in the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries in northern Italy in order to show how competing philosophical approaches find an intertwining expression in mathematical practice. It examines some of the important mathematical developments of the period in terms of a “Yes, please!” philosophy of mathematics. It describes economical-mathematical practice with algebraic signs and subtracted numbers in the abbaco tradition of the Italian late Middle Ages and Renaissance. The chapter first considers where the practice of using letters and ligatures to represent unknown quantities come from by analyzing Benedetto's fifteenth-century manuscript before discussing mathematics as abstraction from natural science observations that emerges from the realm of economy. It also explores the arithmetic of debited values, the formation of negative numbers, and the principle of fluidity of mathematical signs.

Londoners and London Mendicants in the Late Middle Ages

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Röhrkasten
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The People ◽  
General Answer

Much attention has been paid to the role and functions of the mendicant orders in their urban environment. Among the topics discussed have been the friars' importance for urban development, their coexistence with other religious institutions, their economic practices and their relations with the secular authorities. As far as their spiritual and social significance is concerned their spectacular success and rapid development in the thirteenth century are generally accepted. There were some setbacks, particularly in towns where the Dominicans or Franciscans became involved in the suppression of heresy, but these had little impact on the rapid expansion of the orders. Members from all social groups, academics as well as aristocrats, merchants and artisans as well as the poor, felt the attraction of their sermons and way of life, some to such an extent that they decided to join one of the orders. But while the attraction of the mendicant ideal in the decades following the friars' arrival is undisputed, the problem of their importance for the religious life of the late medieval urban population is far more difficult to discuss. While there are assertions that the friars remained particularly popular, the orders' decline and their need of reform were already obvious in the fourteenth century and the various efforts to bring about a reinvigoration confirm this impression. In the fifteenth century famous mendicant preachers from Vincent Ferrer and Bernardino of Siena to Girolamo Savonarola attracted large crowds in many parts of Europe, but was this indicative of the population's general attitude towards the orders? Were the mendicants still perceived by the people as responding to their spiritual needs? How did the public react to signs of decadence, to disputes among the brothers? A general answer to such questions needs to be based on a large number of local studies and this is still a task for the future.

Art and Identity in the Parish Communities of Late Medieval Kent

1992 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 225-237
Author(s):  
Judy Ann Ford
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Art Criticism ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Religious Associations

Historians have long been aware that patronage is a crucial factor in interpreting the social meaning of art. The late Middle Ages knew a variety of patrons, each employing art to communicate different sorts of concern: royal and aristocratic courts emphasized political messages, urban communes created governmental myths, cathedrals and monasteries gave expression to spiritual ideas—and all used art to convey notions of social identity. Recent investigations into the process of choosing and procuring works of art in these contexts have not only added perspective to formal art criticism, they have also deepened our understanding of the groups interested in the creation of art. One area in which questions of patronage could perhaps be better illuminated is the community of the parish. The parish served as the primary religious community for the majority of men and women for most of the Middle Ages. It was complex in composition, involving both laity and clergy, encompassing other religious associations, such as gilds, and including the devout and the indifferent, the orthodox and the dissenters.

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