W. B. Yeats, Dream, Vision, and the Dead

Author(s):  
Neil Mann

This essay examines the role that dream and vision play in Yeats’s creative life and thought. It considers early Theosophical influences on his approach to the nature of dreams, and how the dream-state features in Yeats’s practice of the Golden Dawn’s Hermetic cabalism, drawing extensively on the unpublished diary that Yeats kept in the “PIAL Notebook” in 1908 and 1909. Yeats held dream to offer access to otherwise unperceived aspects of reality, and as his interest in contact with the dead and spiritualism increased in the 1910s, he theorized on the possibilities offered by the dream state, and the essay considers a series of lectures he gave on the subject. It then moves on to the place of dreams in the sessions of automatic writing that he carried out with his wife, George, and the work that these gave rise to, A Vision. Throughout, it considers how these concerns and interests fed into Yeats’s creativity and art.

Author(s):  
Margarita Khomyakova

The author analyzes definitions of the concepts of determinants of crime given by various scientists and offers her definition. In this study, determinants of crime are understood as a set of its causes, the circumstances that contribute committing them, as well as the dynamics of crime. It is noted that the Russian legislator in Article 244 of the Criminal Code defines the object of this criminal assault as public morality. Despite the use of evaluative concepts both in the disposition of this norm and in determining the specific object of a given crime, the position of criminologists is unequivocal: crimes of this kind are immoral and are in irreconcilable conflict with generally accepted moral and legal norms. In the paper, some views are considered with regard to making value judgments which could hardly apply to legal norms. According to the author, the reasons for abuse of the bodies of the dead include economic problems of the subject of a crime, a low level of culture and legal awareness; this list is not exhaustive. The main circumstances that contribute committing abuse of the bodies of the dead and their burial places are the following: low income and unemployment, low level of criminological prevention, poor maintenance and protection of medical institutions and cemeteries due to underperformance of state and municipal bodies. The list of circumstances is also open-ended. Due to some factors, including a high level of latency, it is not possible to reflect the dynamics of such crimes objectively. At the same time, identification of the determinants of abuse of the bodies of the dead will reduce the number of such crimes.


Author(s):  
Christine M. Korsgaard

According to the marginal cases argument, there is no property that might justify making a moral difference between human beings and the other animals that is both uniquely and universally human. It is therefore “speciesist” to treat human beings differently just because we are human beings. While not challenging the conclusion, this chapter argues that the marginal cases argument is metaphysically misguided. It ignores the differences between a life stage and a kind, and between lacking a property and having it in a defective form. The chapter then argues for a view of moral standing that attributes it to the subject of a life conceived as an atemporal being, and shows how this view can resolve some familiar puzzles such as how death can be a loss to the person who has died, how we can wrong the dead, the “procreation asymmetry,” and the “non-identity problem.”


1971 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Daw

‘Suppose a man becomes ill, gets worse and dies. His death is instantaneous but the cause of his death—deterioration of health—may have been progressing for some time. Death takes place because his health has deteriorated beyond a certain limit.’ So wrote C. D. Rich (1940) in introducing his ‘General theory of mortality’ which can also be regarded as a theory of sickness, although Rich does not develop this aspect of it. The point in the gradual deterioration of health at which death takes place is unmistakable but the point at which sickness begins is hazy and ill defined, as also is the point at which recovery from sickness takes place when health is improving. As Stocks (1949) says ‘The distinction between the living and the dead is clear cut, but no such frontier line between sickness and health can be said to exist except in the case of acute illness caused immediately and directly by an external agent. There is a zone between the two states in which the decision whether the subject is sick or not depends on definitions or standards of good health and also on who decides.’


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Badalov

The subject of the study is comprehensive understanding of the life and creativity by I. Sats – a significant figure in the national musical life of the early twentieth century.The purpose of the article is exploring the circumstances of I. Sats’ activity in the socio-cultural context of the era.The methodology of the article includes: historical and chronological method – for studying the events of the artist’s biography; source method – for research of archival materials, correspondence, reconstruction of composer’s creative life; hermeneutical analysis method – for interpretation of literary inheritance (libretto, music criticism) by I. Sats in the context of the early twentieth century; logic-generalization method – to summarize the results of the study.As a result of the research, a complex view on the multivectoral creative activity by I. Sats was formed, his significant role in the formation of new genres of musical and theatrical creativity, development of the humanitarian space of Chernihiv, Irkutsk, and Moscow was proved. The application of the results of the research in scientific, music-pedagogical and educational activities will significantly expand the established ideas about the development of the national musical culture.Key words: music for theater, Moscow Art Theater, satirical opera, I. Sats, Chernihiv region, Irkutsk music classes.


1873 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Charles Horne
Keyword(s):  

In the year 1857 one of the travelling Llamas from Llassa came to Lahoul, in the Kûlû country on the Himalêh, and hearing of the mutiny was afraid to proceed. Major Hay, who was at that place in political employ, engaged this man to draw and describe for him many very interesting ceremonies in use in Llassa, amongst which was the method there employed in disposing of dead bodies. This so exactly confirms the accounts given by Straboand Cicero, and is, moreover, of itself so curious, that I have transcribed it, with as many passages relating to the subject as readily came to hand; and as the Llama was a very fair draughtsman, I have had facsimiles made of his drawings to illustrate this paper. I will first give the extracts, and then the account of the Llama.


1975 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 303-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil Hall

Think nowHistory has many cunning passages, contrived corridorsAnd issues, deceives with whispering ambitions,Guides us by vanities. Think nowShe gives when our attention is distractedAnd what she gives, gives with such supple confusionsThat the giving famishes the craving. Gives too lateWhat’s not believed in, or if still believed,In memory only, reconsidered passion.Historians no doubt have problems enough without setting before themselves that ‘memento mori’ from Eliot, who, though he was describing an old man seeking to understand his own past, leaves nevertheless an echo in the mind disturbing to those who practise the historian’s craft. We assume a confidence which in our heart of hearts we do not always, or should not always, possess. Eliot’s words not only demonstrate the difficulty of one man understanding his own past, but also the historian’s difficulty in understanding those whom they select for questioning from among the vast multitudes of the silent dead, whose deeds, artifacts, ideas, passions, hopes and memories have died with them. We dig into the past, obtain data from archives, brush off the objects found, collect statistics, annotate, arrange, describe, establish a chronology – but do we effectively understand the dead, especially since we are affected by our own beliefs, customs and ideologies? We are, of course, all aware of this: we silently scorn the lecturer who raises these diffident hesitations. For we know our duty: we examine all that we can, we describe our findings, we annotate them, we draw conclusions, or leave our demonstrations to speak for themselves. There are reasons, as I shall hope to show, that these considerations – Eliot’s ominous words and our determination not to be disquieted by them – bear upon the subject of this paper, the almost forgotten Alessandro Gavazzi.


1863 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 326-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry B. Medlicott

The following notes, very nearly as they stand, were forwarded in July, 1861, by post to the late Colonel Baird Smith, for communication to the Eoyal Asiatic Society. The address got defaced in the mail-bags; and the parcel, after lying for several months in the Dead Letter Office, found its way back to Eoorkee. My observations have thus forfeited the advantage of correction and criticism from one so experienced in the subject to which they relate. Meanwhile, I have had some hurried opportunities of seeing and hearing more, and can thus make some alterations and additions.— H. B. M.


Literary Fact ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 280-313
Author(s):  
Alena L. Yavorskaya ◽  
Andrei B. Ustinov

The subject of the paper is the cultural life of Odessa in the 1910s, and the reconstruction of Anatoly Gamma’s biography, who was 21 when he died in the fall of 1918. His creative life was very short, and appeared to be almost a literary hoax. However, Gamma’s poetry reflected a radical change in the artistic paradigm after the Revolution of 1917. Here the authors reprint all the existing Gamma’s poems published in 1917–18 in the Odessa periodicals. After the tragic death of another Odessa poet Anatoly Fioletov at the age of 21, Gamma’s name happened to appear in obituaries dedicated to both poets. One of those memorial articles entitled “On Two Anatolys (Anatoly Gamma, Anatoly Fioletov)” was published in the Kharkov magazine “Muses” under the nom de plume “Angelica d’Éspré,” which the authors decipher in this essay. Most importantly, being associated with Anatoly Fioletov, Eduard Bagritsky and other Odessa poets, Gamma became a part of a cultural phenomenon that was called by Viktor Shklovsky in 1932 the “Southwestern Literary School.”


2021 ◽  
pp. 185-210
Author(s):  
Gerry Simpson

This final substantive chapter proposes gardening as a sentimental—and not entirely allegorical—response to the badgering calls for normativity or reform in international law. It approaches the subject of gardening via a more general plea for an international legal imagination, prior to offering some vignettes that seek to illustrate the possibilities of a pastoral international law of defiant, world-weary worldliness (Voltaire) of ironic, hopeful disengagement (Woolf), of indignant, recuperative, celebratory engagement (West) and of meandering, subtle legal diplomacy (Khrushchev); an international law of sardonic lightness and nuance, not oppressive solemnity, and one that renounces the dead hand of relevance while keeping at bay the cynicism that sometimes threatens to engulf our best selves.


2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 803-809
Author(s):  
Euan Cameron

Robert Bartlett's book on the cult of saints in the Middle Ages clearly constitutes a major achievement. Its scope is vast; its approach ranges from the chronological to the thematic; it embraces many cultural, as well as theological and religious, aspects of the subject. Finally, it is informed by a rich comparative vision that includes wide-ranging discussion of other religions.


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