Teaching Sensible Mathematics in Sense-Making Ways with the CPMP

1995 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian R. Hirsch ◽  
Arthur F. Coxford ◽  
James T. Fey ◽  
Harold L. Schoen
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Classroom Teachers ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
American Schools ◽  
Assessment Standards

Current policy reports addressing mathematics education in American schools, such as Everybody Counts (NRC 1989), Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1989), Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics (NCTM 1991), and Assessment Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1995), call for sweeping reform in curricular, instructional, and assessment practices. Implementing the proposed reforms poses new opportunities and challenges for school districts, mathematics departments, and classroom teachers.

Implementing the Assessment Standards for School Mathematics

1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 786-793
Author(s):  
Denisse R. Thompson ◽  
Sharon L. Senk
Keyword(s):  
School Mathematics ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Know How ◽  
Solution Strategies ◽  
Assessment Standards ◽  
Choice Tasks ◽  
Broad Outline ◽  
Insight Into

Recommendations in the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1989) and in the Assessment Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1995) encourage teachers to incorporate into their curriculum and assessment practices more tasks that require students to construct their own responses, as opposed to primarily using tasks for which a response is provided, such as true-orfalse or multiple-choice tasks. Constructed responses enable students to demonstrate their depth of understanding of mathematics and give teachers greater insight into their students' knowledge of concepts. But when students are required to write about mathematics or explain their solution strategies, teachers want to know how to score such responses. Teachers have therefore become more interested in issues related to rubrics. A rubric is a set of guidelines for evaluating students' responses to one or more tasks. A general rubric is a broad outline that indicates vatious levels of performance and the factors that teachers should consider when specifying performance levels; a task-specific rubric interprets the general rubric for a specific task and specifies the particular mathematical aspects of the task that determine each level of performance (NCTM 1995; California Mathematics Council 1993).

Implementing the “Assessment Standards for School Mathematics”: Using Students' Portfolios to Assess Mathematical Understanding

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 698-701
Author(s):  
Harold Asturias
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Understanding ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Pedagogical Issues ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Assessment Standards ◽  
Link Assessment

In 1989, NCTM published the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics, which presented the mathematics profession with a broad view of the important mathematics that should be taught in schools. Two years later, the Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics gave teachers the opportunity to address the pedagogical issues inherent in teaching a broad-based, thinking curriculum as described in the curriculum standards. The next link, assessment, though part of the first document, required specific attention. Assessment Standards for School Mathematics, currently in progress, will present the criteria for judging the appropriateness and quality of assessment tools and systems.

Informing Learning Through the Clinical Interview

1991 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Madeleine J. Long ◽  
Meir Ben-Hur
Keyword(s):  
Student Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
National Council ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
Primary Assessment

The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics's Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (1989) and Professional Srandards for Teaching Mathematics (1989) endorse the view that assessment should be made an integral part of teaching. Although many of the student outcomes described in the Srandards cannot properly be assessed using paper-and-pencil tests, such tests remain the primary assessment tools in today's classroom.

TEACHING MATHEMATICS WITH TECHNOLOGY: Computation and Estimation

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Janet Parker ◽  
Connie Carroll Widmer
Keyword(s):  
School Mathematics ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Mental Mathematics

As we prepare for the day envisioned by the Curriculum ond Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1989), when every student will have a calculator and every class will have at least one computer available at all times, we need to reexamine the roles of computation, estimation, and mental mathematics in the teaching and practice of mathematics. It is true that calculators and computers can perform virtually all computations, relieving us and our students of much drudgery; however, this is not their only role. Calculators and computers also make it easy for us to solve problems in a new mode, T-E-M-T-T: trial, error, and modified trial through technology.

Animating Geometry with Flexigons

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 602-606
Author(s):  
Ruth McClintock
Keyword(s):  
Language Skills ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Conversation Piece

Viewing mathematics as communication is the second standard listed for all grade levels in the NCTM's Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (1989). This emphasis underscores the need for nurturing language skills that enable children to translate nonverbal awareness into words. One way to initiate discussion about mathematical concepts is to use physical models and manipulatives. Standard 4 of the Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics (NCTM 1991) addresses the need for tools to enhance discourse. The flexigon is a simple and inexpensive conversation piece that helps students make geometric discoveries and find language to share their ideas.

The Pond: Doing Research Together

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 696-704
Author(s):  
Kevin Kinneavy
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Approaches To Teaching ◽  
Interdisciplinary Instruction ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Middle School Concept ◽  
School Concept

Interdisciplinary approaches to teaching all subjects are central to the middle school concept. Such approaches can be especially useful for teaching mathematics, a subject that has traditionally been the bane of many students' existence. The NCTM recognizes the importance of interdisciplinary instruction in its Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (1989, 84).

Professional Development: Teachers' Communication and Collaboration Keys to Student Achievement

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-458
Author(s):  
Helene J. Sherman ◽  
Thomas Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Student Achievement ◽  
Educational Reform ◽  
Mathematics Teaching ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Professional Satisfaction ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Instructional Changes

The curriculum and evaluation standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1989) and the Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics (NCTM 1991) have served as both stimuli for, and responses to, numerous formal and informal programs, conferences, and conversations calling for educational reform and improvement in mathematics teaching. After all the plans are drawn and all the objectives are written, however, reform is most likely to occur and make a lasting difference when teachers are aware of the need for improvement, have a voice in planning it, and derive a real sense of professional satisfaction from implementing the instructional changes.

Interpreting the Standards: Translating Principles into Practice

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-205
Author(s):  
Deborah E. Schifter ◽  
Deborah Carey O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
School Mathematics ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Mathematics Pedagogy ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Evaluation Standards

Since the publication of the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1989) and the Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics (NCTM 1991). such phrases as “mathematics should be taught for understanding.” “teachers should facilitate the construction of mathematical concepts,” and “classrooms should be student centered” have become identified with a reformed mathematics pedagogy.

By Way of Introduction

1994 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 286-287
Author(s):  
Anne Bartel ◽  
Linda Gojak
Keyword(s):  
School Mathematics ◽  
Professional Support ◽  
Classroom Teachers ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Mathematics Classrooms

The goal of those who support NCTM's Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (1989) is to develop the mathematical power of all students. To achieve this goal, teachers in all mathematics classrooms will need materials and professional support to maintain their commitment to the task and their proficiency in accomplishing it. “Teachers are key figure in changing the ways in which mathematics is taught and learned in schools. Such changes require that teachers have long-term support and adequate resources” (NCTM 1991, 2). This focus issue contains a variety of ideas to support classroom teachers as they begin the difficult job of planning for instruction in mathematics that will help all students achieve mathematical power.

Implementing the Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics: Sharing, Supporting, Risk Taking: First Steps to Instructional Reform

1992 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 466-470
Author(s):  
Steven J. Leinwand
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Curriculum Standards ◽  
Instructional Reform ◽  
Evaluation Standards ◽  
Teaching Standards

For many of us, the Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics (NCTM 1991) represents a much scarier and much more intimidating vision of school mathematics than its predecessor, the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1989). Accordingly, implementing the teaching standards will require different strategies from those being used or proposed to implement the curriculum standards.

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