From China to the World: The main media pilgrimages of Sun Wukong and Son Gokū

The ‘Journey to the West’, also translated as the’ Pilgrimage to the West’, is one of the masterpieces of ancient Chinese literature. Published anonymously by the putative author Wu Cheng'en in the late 16th century, the story traces in broad outline the journey taken by the monk Tripitaka in the year 629 a.D. to India to acquire Buddhist scriptures, and it is the result of reworking antecedent works, such as ‘Poetic notes on the pilgrimage of Tripitaka of the Great Tang to acquire the Sutras’ and ‘‹Journey to the West› Opera’. In this fiction, the writer moves away from the authenticity of the traditional pilgrimage: here the monk is escorted by sinful-followers (i.e., a dragon-horse, a pig, a demon, and a monkey) capable of removing malevolent beings throughout the journey. Sun Wukong is the wild and skillful monkey that ascends to Buddhity, becoming a ‘Victorious Fighting Buddha’ at the end of the literary work. Later on, the Chinese work of fiction was used as a source of inspiration for the creation of Dragon Ball, a Japanese fantasy & martial arts manga. Published in 1984 as a manga and then adapted into an anime, Dragon Ball sketchily follows the Chinese work of fiction. After coming across Bulma, young Son Gokū decides to escort the girl in her quest to collect seven magic dragon spheres. The series’ success allowed the manga’s author, Akira Toriyama, to continue the story arc and launch a new series in 2015. Since 1986, several videogames with a monkey character have entered the market. The purpose of this article is to highlight the main affinities between Sun Wukong and his Japanese counterpart Son Gokū first, and then attempt to explain how the monkey character has become a world-famous symbol, and contextualise it into the phenomenon of ‘worldwide pilgrimage’.

PENERAPAN LOGIC MODEL DAN PENGANGGARAN BERBASIS KINERJA DALAM PERATURAN PENGANGGARAN

ABSTRACT This study purposes to reveal the logic model in regulation, particularly in preparation Work and Budget Planning of Ministry/Agency (RKAKL). This paper builds logic model follows Knowlton, Lisa Wyatt., & Cynthia C. Phillips (2013). The result shows logic model Knowlton, Lisa Wyatt., & Cynthia C. Philips are reffered in broad outline but they difference in structure and terminology of logic model elements. This difference is important to know because it can affect the clarity of the logical relationship of input-activity-output-outcome-impact so that the final results of a program are achieved. This study captures the development of logic model in buget regulation on period 2010 – 2018. ABSTRAK Tujuan kajian ini mengungkap logic model dalam peraturan penganggaran, khususnya petunjuk penyusunan Rencana Kerja dan Anggaran Kementerian Negara/Lembaga (RKAKL). Pengungkapan kajian ini menggunakan tahapan membangun logic model berdasarkan model Knowlton, Lisa Wyatt., & Cynthia C. Philips (2013). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa logic model Knowlton, Lisa Wyatt., & Cynthia C. Philips diacu sebagai gambaran besar saja tetapi ada perbedaan dalam struktur dan terminologi elemen-elemen logic model. Perbedaan tersebut penting diketahui karena dapat berpengaruh terhadap kejelasan hubungan kasualitas input-activity-output-outcomeimpact yang logis sehingga hasil akhir suatu program tercapai. Kajian ini merupakan upaya memotret perkembangan logic model dalam peraturan penganggaran tahun 2010-2018.

Strategy for SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Pandaan in Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The study discusses the training a teacher does to the student in imposing an online learning in Muhammadiyah 3 Pandaan High Schools. It needs to be researched, since the value of learning is a course of action that includes the use of methods and the use of various power resources in learning. Where learning is the effort of educators to help learners engage in learning activities, thus developing a new territory in learning strategy to be effective and efficient. Strategy may be defined as a broad outline of course to act in an effort to achieve the established goals of teacher and learner's activities in the realization of teaching activities to achieve the outlined goals. According to the covid-19 strategy of learning, it is hoped to provide increased progress in the effective teaching learning activities that each learning takes place. So in boosting good qualities, it is expected that learners are more active to ask questions, be more active in discussions, and be more active in sharpening their new knowledge. The learning strategy influences what they gets and what's inside.

The Islamic Studies and the Study of Religions by the Early Indonesian Muslim Scholars

This research is an effort to raise the development of religious studies (Islamic Studies) and the study of religions that already emerged and developed in the archipelago before the twentieth century. This can be known through the figures of previous Muslim scholars and their works on these topics. The research process uses qualitative methods on a literature review which will be delivered descriptively. While the aim of the research is to find out how the Muslim scholars of the Indonesian Archipelago have contributed in various aspects particularly in the field of knowledge and intellectually supported by their extraordinary works in the form of books, poems, etc. As a manifestation of their role in da'wah in addition to enriching the scientific treasures. So it can be concluded in a broad outline that additionally to the Nine Saints (Wali Sanga), the archipelago has Muslim scholars who have taken part in Islamic preaching and furthermore they explored their teachings into wonderful works, both on Islamic (religious) studies as well as the study of religions.Keywords:Islamic Studies, Study of Religions, Indonesian Muslim Scholar

Migration and Partisan Change

As Democratic Party attachment and support for Democratic candidates has begun to grow in the South, existing theories designed to explain Republican growth—whether based on race relations, economic growth, or cultural conservatism—fare poorly. The author advances a new theory—Movers and Stayers theory—to explain this recent growth in Democratic support. This chapter includes a broad outline of the theory—one focused on population growth’s role in the expansion of Democratic support—and an explanation of the dynamics that boost progressivism in high-growth areas and inhibit its development in declining communities. The theory highlights the role of the distinctive progressivism of movers on the political attitudes of stayers in their new homes, and stayers in the communities they have left. The theory explains why community decline results in different political responses from whites and people of color, and it highlights the waning significance of Key’s “black belt” hypothesis.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Untuk Menentukan Rekomendasi Wisata Dengan Menggunakan Metode Profile Matching dan SMART

Empirically tourism has shown increasing growth marked by an increase in the frequency of people who travel. Tourism activities create many benefits including the spread of development, foreign exchange earnings, regional income through tax collection, employment and creating business opportunities. The problem that often arises is that there are still many people who travel, but instead it creates new thoughts. Traveling is also an important physical need without us knowing. One of the decision-making problems faced with various criteria is the process of selecting tourist attractions. In the process of profile matching in broad outline is the process of comparing the competency of visitors into the competence of tourist attractions so that the competency differences can be known (also called a gap), the smaller the gap produced, the greater the value weights which means it has a greater chance for the priority of certain tourist attractions chosen by tourists (visitors). While the SMART (Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique) method is a multi-criteria decision making method. This multi-criteria decision making technique is based on the theory that each alternative consists of a number of criteria that have values and each criterion has a weight that illustrates how important compared to other criteria. Each tourism object has the value of road access criteria, facilities, prices and visitors from the results of the previous profile matching calculation, then the weight normalization calculation from the simple multi attribute rating method is calculated and summed to find out the final score results, and then descending. From the results, the selection of suitable tourism object is very objective because it has fulfilled the assessment of each criteria.

The aloneness argument against classical theism

We argue that there is a conflict among classical theism's commitments to divine simplicity, divine creative freedom, and omniscience. We start by defining key terms for the debate related to classical theism. Then we articulate a new argument, the Aloneness Argument, aiming to establish a conflict among these attributes. In broad outline, the argument proceeds as follows. Under classical theism, it's possible that God exists without anything apart from Him. Any knowledge God has in such a world would be wholly intrinsic. But there are contingent truths in every world, including the world in which God exists alone. So, it's possible that God (given His omniscience) contingently has wholly intrinsic knowledge. But whatever is contingent and wholly intrinsic is an accident. So, God possibly has an accident. This is incompatible with classical theism. Finally, we consider and rebut several objections.

Tribunals and Adjudication

This chapter concerns non-judicial review of administrative action, that is, review by bodies other than the judicial courts, including adjudication by the administration itself. It identifies in broad outline, and from a comparative perspective, the main attributes of administrative adjudication. These include: the variety and the origins of the bodies which carry out such review, the organization of internal and external administrative review, the principal structures of administrative tribunals and equivalent bodies, and their place in the justice system generally. A brief assessment of the perspectives for the study of administrative tribunals in the context of comparative administrative law is proffered by way of conclusion.

LOS “BIENES” DEL ARTÍCULO 1 DEL PROTOCOLO ADICIONAL AL CONVENIO PARA LA PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS Y DE LAS LIBERTADES FUNDAMENTALES

En este artículo se analizan, desde una perspectiva estrictamente dogmática, las implicaciones de la progresiva dilatación del concepto de “bienes” llevada a cabo por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. El trabajo consta de tres partes. En la primera de ellas se describe en líneas muy generales el aludido proceso de dilatación conceptual a que ha sido sometido el derecho a la propiedad privada garantizado en el art. 1 del primer Protocolo Adicional el Convenio. A tal fin se analiza la estructura del precepto, se discute el peculiar uso de algunas de las herramientas argumentativas del Tribunal y se introduce la problemática las pensiones públicas como calibre por medio del cual valorar la naturaleza de los bienes protegidos en el marco del Convenio. En la segunda parte del trabajo se analizan la índole y la extensión de la protección otorgada por el Tribunal a los intereses de los beneficiarios de tales prestaciones sociales. Por último, se efectúa una serie de consideraciones que, a pesar de su diferente naturaleza, ahondan en lo que se ha denominado la “disolución del concepto tradicional de propiedad privada”. This paper discusses –from a strictly legal perspective– the implications of the progressive dilation of the concept of “goods” carried out by the European Court of Human Rights. The work consists of three parts. The first describes in broad, outline form the alluded process of conceptual expansion to which the right to property has been subjected. To this end, it analyses the structure of the provision, discusses the peculiar use of some of the Court's argumentative tools and introduces the problem of public pensions to illustrate the nature of the assets protected under the Convention. The second part of the article discusses the features and extent of the protection afforded by the Court to the beneficiaries of such welfare benefits. Finally, the paper delves in its third part into what has been called the "dissolution of the traditional concept of private property”.

Mushroom Polysaccharides: a Potent Immune-Modulator

From ancient times, mushrooms are being used as nutraceuticals, food supplements, and dietary fibers for their high nutritional value. Modern medicinal researches have depicted immune-modulating effects of wild edible mushrooms. Among several metabolites of mushroom origin, polysaccharides are known to have the most potential immune-modulatory functions on both innate and adaptive immune systems. Mushrooms polysaccharides (MPs) are the diverse groups of macromolecules which show considerable variability in their physicochemical properties. These variations in properties are considered as determining factors of the immune-stimulation activities. In this present review, a broad outline of different MPs and their purification, the relationship between physical properties and bioactivity, immune cell receptors, and impact on both innate and adaptive immune systems is enlightened.