Effect of Manual and Automatic Activated Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Using Single Component Fluxes on Stainless Steel AISI-304

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Shaji Krishna Prasad ◽  
Andy Mathiazhagan ◽  
Pallichakkalayil Sasidharan Krishnadas
Keyword(s):  
Tig Welding ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
A Tig Welding ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Carrier Solvent ◽  
Activated Flux

The study compared the effects of manual activated tungsten inert gas (A-TIG) welding and automated A-TIG welding on AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute)- 304 at three different values of current using commercially available powders of Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3, MgCl2, and TiO2 separately as activated flux and distilled water as carrier solvent. The effect of fluxes on the depth of penetration of the weldments, width of weldment, microstructure of the weldment, and microhardness of the weldment was investigated. Reverse Marangoni convection and arc constriction are found to be more effective in A-TIG manual welding, as aspect ratio obtained by A-TIG manual welding is greater as than that of automatic A-TIG welding. Microstructure of both the manual and automatic A-TIG-welded specimen is similar with no noticeable differences and almost same amount of intermetallic phases and carbon precipitates. Microhardness tests revealed that for Al2O3 and TiO2 fluxes, manual A-TIG-welded specimen have lower values of microhardness at weldment, heat-affected zone, and base metal than automated A-TIG-welded specimen. The aim of the study is to implement the manual A-TIG process in shipbuilding industry to improve the productivity of welding as automated A-TIG welding in the industry has limitations.

Performance of weld bead profile during A-TIG welding on nitrogen alloyed stainless steel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Deep ◽  
Vivek Singh ◽  
Som Ashutosh ◽  
M. Chandrasekaran ◽  
Dixit Patel
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Weld Bead ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Bead Geometry ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Weld Bead Geometry ◽  
A Tig Welding ◽  
Arc Welding Process

Abstract Austenitic stainless steel (ASS) is widely fabricated by tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding for aesthetic look and superior mechanical properties while compared to other arc welding process. Hitherto, the limitation of this process is low depth of penetration and less productivity. To overcome this problem activated tungsten inert gas (A-TIG) welding process is employed as an alternative. In this investigation the welding performance of conventional TIG welding is compared with A-TIG process using TiO2 and SiO2 flux with respect to weld bead geometry. The experimental investigation on A-TIG welding of ASS-201 grade shows TiO2 flux helps in achieve higher penetration as compared to SiO2 flux. While welding with SiO2 the hardness in HAZ and weld region higher than that of TIG welding process.

Optimization of A-TIG Welding Process Using Simulated Annealing Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 869-891
Author(s):  
Masoud Azadi Moghaddam ◽  
Farhad Kolahan
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Bead Width ◽  
A Tig Welding

Flux-assisted tungsten inert gas welding process, also known as activated tungsten inert gas (A-TIG) welding, is extensively used in order to improve the performance of the conventional TIG welding process. In this study, the orthogonal array Taguchi (OA-Taguchi) method, regression modeling, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and simulated annealing (SA) algorithm have been used to model and optimize the process responses in A-TIG welding process. Welding current (I), welding speed (S) and welding gap (G) have been considered as process input variables for fabricating AISI316L austenitic stainless steel specimens. Depth of penetration (DOP) and weld bead width (WBW) have been taken into account as the process responses. In this study, SiO2, nano-particle has been considered as an activating flux. To gather required data for modeling, statistical analysis and optimization purposes, OA-Taguchi based on the design of experiments (DOE) has been employed. Then the process responses have been measured and their corresponding signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio values have been calculated. Different regression equations have been applied to model the responses. Based on the ANOVA results, the most fitted models have been selected as an authentic representative of the process responses. Furthermore, the welding current has been determined as the most important variable affecting DOP and WBW with 68% and 88% contributions, respectively. Next, the SA algorithm has been used to optimize the developed models in such a way that WBW is minimized and DOP is maximized. Finally, experimental performance evaluation tests have been carried out, based on which it can be concluded that the proposed procedure is quite efficient (with less than 4% error) in modeling and optimization of the A-TIG welding process.

scholarly journals Impact of activated–flux tungsten inert gas (a-tig) welding on weld joint of a metal – Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 640 ◽  
pp. 012064
Author(s):  
S A Afolalu ◽  
S B Soetan ◽  
S O Ongbali ◽  
A A Abioye ◽  
A S Oni
Keyword(s):  
Weld Joint ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
A Tig Welding ◽  
Activated Flux

scholarly journals Influence of Activated Fluxes on the Bead Shape of A-TIG Welds on Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels in Comparison with Stainless Steel AISI 304L

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Jerzy Niagaj
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Aisi 304L ◽  
A Tig Welding ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Stainless Steel Aisi

The article presents results of comparative A-TIG welding tests involving selected unalloyed and fine-grained steels, as well as high-strength steel WELDOX 1300 and austenitic stainless steel AISI 304L. The tests involved the use of single ingredient activated fluxes (Cr2O3, TiO2, SiO2, Fe2O3, NaF, and AlF3). In cases of carbon and low-alloy steels, the tests revealed that the greatest increase in penetration depth was observed in the steels which had been well deoxidized and purified during their production in steelworks. The tests revealed that among the activated fluxes, the TiO2 and SiO2 oxides always led to an increase in penetration depth during A-TIG welding, regardless of the type and grade of steel. The degree of the aforesaid increase was restricted within the range of 30% to more than 200%.

FEASIBILITY STUDY ON JOINING DISSIMILAR ALUMINUM ALLOYS AA6061 AND AA7075 BY TUNGSTEN INERT GAS (TIG)

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahadzir Ishak ◽  
Nur Fakhriah Mohd Noordin ◽  
Luqman Hakim Ahmad Shah
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Melted Zone ◽  
Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Aa 7075 ◽  
Filler Metals

The aim of this paper is to study the feasibility of welding dissimilar aluminum alloys AA6061 and AA7075 using different types of filler metals which are ER4043 and ER5356. The tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding method was used to butt joint these alloys. The effect of ER4043 (Si-rich) and ER5356 (Mg-rich) on weldability of the joint were studied through visual appearance, microstructures and hardness. It was found that, welding using filler ER5356 produced deeper penetration compared to filler ER4043. The depth of penetration obtained using filler ER5356 was 1.74 mm, while only 0.9 mm of penetration was obtained using ER4043. Microstructures at different zones of dissimilar TIG joints such as the fusion zone (FZ), the partially melted zone (PMZ) and the heat affected zone (HAZ) were identified. The grain size at FZ from filler ER5356 samples was finer compared to filler ER4043 which was 11.4 µm and 19.5 µm, respectively. The average hardness welding value of filler ER5356 samples was higher compared to filler ER4043 samples, which were 100HV and 86HV, respectively at HAZ of AA 6061, 110HV and 88HV, respectively at FZ, while 113HV and 85HV, respectively at HAZ of AA 7075. It can be concluded that TIG welding using the ER5356 filler yields better joint compared to ER4043.

Activated flux tungsten inert gas welding of 8 mm-thick AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 800-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan-hui Liu ◽  
Mei-hua Liu ◽  
Yao-yong Yi ◽  
Yu-peng Zhang ◽  
Zi-yi Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Tungsten Inert Gas Welding ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
304 Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Activated Flux

Design and Development of Knowledge Bases for Forward and Reverse Mappings of TIG Welding Process

2009 ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
J. P. Ganjigatti ◽  
Dilip Kumar Pratihar
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
A Tig Welding ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Forward Mapping ◽  
Reverse Mapping

In this chapter, an attempt has been made to design suitable knowledge bases (KBs) for carrying out forward and reverse mappings of a Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process. In forward mapping, the outputs (also known as the responses) are expressed as the functions of the input variables (also called the factors), whereas in reverse mapping, the factors are represented as the functions of the responses. Both the forward as well as reverse mappings are required to conduct, for an effective online control of a process. Conventional statistical regression analysis is able to carry out the forward mapping efficiently but it may not be always able to solve the problem of reverse mapping. It is a novel attempt to conduct the forward and reverse mappings of a TIG welding process using fuzzy logic (FL)-based approaches and these are found to solve the said problem efficiently.

STUDY ON A-TIG WELDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF STAINLESS STEELS USING INDIVIDUAL FLUX-OXIDES Part 1: EVALUATION OF THE A-TIG ARC ENERGY EFFICIENCY TO THE WELD DEPTH OF PENETRATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
RUSTAM SAIDOV ◽  
DURDONA KOMILOVA ◽  
MARIO KUSCH ◽  
PETER MAYR ◽  
KEVIN HOEFER
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Efficiency Factor ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Welding Arc ◽  
A Tig Welding ◽  
Weld Depth ◽  
Individual Flux

This article presents the results of the study of activating oxide fluxes effects on the energy efficiency of the TIG welding arc (A-TIG) influence. This efficiency was estimated by the amount of energy spent by the arc (q) at the depth of penetration (P). It is revealed that the arc energy efficiency factor “Kepac” can be used as an indicator of the influence of arc energy on the efficiency of penetration of the welded metal, which is determined by the ratio of spent energy per unit of depth of penetration (q/P) at TIG and A-TIG welding. In accordance with the results of the research, it is observed an increase of the energy efficiency on the welding arc penetration capability of all individual oxides used as fluxes in A-TIG welding is observed. Among them, the greatest energy efficiency of the arc process on the penetration of CrNi18-10 steel is observed when oxides such as TiO2, SiO2, Cr2O3 and Co3O4 are used.

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