Estimation of coronary artery calcium by multislice spiral CT scan in asymptomatic high risk cases above forty (40) years of age

Background: Strong relationship has been demonstrated between the presence of occlusive CAD and coronary artery calcification (CAC) detected at autopsy, fluoroscopy and computed tomography (CT scan). CT scan quantifies the relative burden of CAC deposits as a marker of atherosclerosis. We explored utility of multi-slice spiral CT scan for detection of CAC as a tool for screening in asymptomatic high-risk cases above 40 years of age.Methods: Fifty-eight asymptomatic cardiovascular high-risk cases were included as per selection criteria. Detailed clinical history was recorded in every case regarding age, sex, history of risk factors for CAD like systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and family history of CAD. Every case was evaluated for fasting and postprandial blood sugar and fasting lipid profile. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. An ECG was also recorded. Coronary artery calcium was estimated in each patient by multi -slice spiral CT scan. Fifty age and gender matched consenting participants were enrolled as controls and comparisons drawn.Results: Out of 58 cases scanned, 41 had no detectable CAC by multi-slice CT scan whereas in 17 cases (29.2%), calcium was detected. Mean CAC score was observed to increase as number of risk factors increased.Conclusions: Multi-slice CT scan is a useful tool for detection of coronary artery calcium (CAC) when utilised for high risk screening in older adults having one or more known cardiovascular risk factors.

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Study of estimation of coronary artery calcium by multi-slice spiral CT scan in post myocardial infarction cases

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20173730 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 1293 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rajesh V. Gosavi ◽

Milind Vyawahare ◽

Shrigopal Mandhania

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Coronary Artery Calcium ◽

Spiral Ct ◽

Post Myocardial Infarction ◽

Systemic Hypertension ◽

History Of ◽

Spiral Ct Scan

Background: Strong relationship has been demonstrated between the presence of occlusive CAD and coronary artery calcification (CAC) detected at autopsy, fluoroscopy and computed tomography (CT scan). CT scan quantifies the relative burden of CAC deposits as a marker of atherosclerosis. Study explored utility of multi-slice spiral CT scan for detection of CAC in post myocardial infarction cases.Methods: Fifty-one post myocardial infarction cases were enrolled in the study. Detailed clinical history was recorded in every case regarding age, sex, history of risk factors for CAD like systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and family history of CAD. Every case was evaluated for fasting and postprandial blood sugar and fasting lipid profile. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated. Coronary artery calcium was estimated in each patient by multi -slice spiral CT scan. Conventional angiography was also undertaken in 18 patients. Co-relation of coronary calcium with different age groups, sex, risk factors, electrocardiography and angiography was drawn.Results: Out of 51 cases scanned, 40 cases (78.4%) had detectable CAC. In 30 cases (58.8%), CAC score ranged from 1 to 100 (mild score); 6 cases (11.8%) had score between 101-400 (moderate score) while in 4 cases (7.8%) CAC score was more than 400 (severe score %). For detection of angiographically detectable disease, the sensitivity of multi-slice CT was 100% and the specificity was 33.3%.Conclusions: CAC is a valid measure of atherosclerotic plaque burden and is recommended as a screening tool for demonstrating significant atherosclerosis in susceptible subjects.

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A retrospectively ECG-gated multislice spiral CT scan and reconstruction technique with suppression of heart pulsation artifacts for cardio-thoracic imaging with extended volume coverage

European Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00330-002-1388-0 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1497-1503 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

T. Flohr ◽

M. Prokop ◽

C. Becker ◽

U. Schoepf ◽

A. Kopp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Spiral Ct ◽

Reconstruction Technique ◽

Multislice Spiral Ct ◽

Thoracic Imaging ◽

Pulsation Artifacts ◽

Spiral Ct Scan

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P-267 Extrapulmonary findings in a low-dose spiral CT scan early detection study for lung cancer in a high risk population

Lung Cancer ◽

10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80761-5 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. S184

Author(s):

S. Novelle ◽

C. Fava ◽

P. Lausi ◽

L. Cardinale ◽

M. Brizzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

High Risk ◽

Early Detection ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Low Dose ◽

Spiral Ct ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Risk Population ◽

Spiral Ct Scan

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Assessment of Coronary Artery Calcification in Hemodialysis Patients Using Multi-Detector Spiral CT Scan

Hypertension Research ◽

10.1291/hypres.27.527 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 527-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Kosaku NITTA ◽

Takashi AKIBA ◽

Koichi SUZUKI ◽

Keiko UCHIDA ◽

Tetsuya OGAWA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Coronary Artery Calcification ◽

Spiral Ct ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Spiral Ct Scan

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Targeted Coronary Artery Calcium Screening in High-Risk Younger Individuals Using Consumer Genetic Screening Results

JACC Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

10.1016/j.jcmg.2020.11.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lauren M. Severance ◽

Hannah Carter ◽

Francisco J. Contijoch ◽

Elliot R. McVeigh

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

High Risk ◽

Coronary Artery Calcium ◽

Genetic Screening

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Can We Predict High-risk Plaques In Familial Hypercholesterolemia Using Clinical Variables And Coronary Artery Calcium

Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography ◽

10.1016/j.jcct.2021.06.274 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. S51

Author(s):

B. Jaltotage ◽

A. Abraham ◽

J. Pang ◽

A. Krishnan ◽

B. Chow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

High Risk ◽

Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽

Coronary Artery Calcium ◽

Clinical Variables

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Abstract P159: Coronary Artery Calcium Score Improves the Net Reclassification Index of Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease In African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap159 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Joseph Yeboah ◽

Che L Smith ◽

Mario Sims ◽

Ervin Fox ◽

Yaorong Ge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

High Risk ◽

African Americans ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Coronary Artery Calcium ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Jackson Heart Study ◽

Net Reclassification Improvement ◽

Heart Study

Background: Prior studies suggest that African Americans (AA) have lower prevalence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) compared to whites, yet CAC has similar ability to predict coronary heart disease (CHD) events. The role of CAC as a screening tool for CHD risk in AA is unclear. We compared the diagnostic accuracy for CHD prevalence using the CAC score and the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in an adult population of AA. Methods: CAC was measured in 2944 participants in the Jackson Heart Study, an NHLBI funded study of AA based in Jackson, MS. Approximately 8% of this cohort had known cardiovascular disease (CVD) defined as prior MI, angina, stroke, PTCA, CABG or PVD. Logistic regression, ROC and net reclassification index (NRI) analysis were used adjusting for age, gender, SBP, total and HDL cholesterol, smoking status, DM and BMI. FRS was calculated and those with DM were classified as high risk. Results: The mean age was 60, 65% were females, 26% had DM, 50% were obese and 30% were current or former smokers. Prevalent CVD was associated with older age, higher SBP, lower HDL and total cholesterol, and higher CAC. CAC was independently associated with prevalent CVD in our multivariable model [OR (95% CI): 1.26 (1.17, 1.35), p< 0.0001]. In ROC analysis, CAC improved the diagnostic accuracy (c statistic) of the FRS from 0.617 to 0.757 (p < 0.0001) for prevalent CVD. The FRS classified 30% of the cohort as high risk, 38.5% as intermediate risk and 31.5% as low risk. FRS classfied 51% of subjects with prevalent CVD as high risk. Addition of CAC to FRS resulted in net reclassification improvement of 4% for subjects with known CVD and 28.5% in those without CVD (see figure). Conclusion: In AA, the CAC is independently associated with prevalent CVD and improves the diagnostic accuracy of FRS for prevalent CVD by 14%. Addition of CAC improves the NRI of those with prevalent CVD by 4% and the NRI of individuals without CVD by 28.5%. Determination of CAC in AA may be useful in identifying individuals at risk of CVD and reclassifying individuals with low and intermediate FRS.

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