Forage crops in relation to the agriculture of the semi-arid portion of the northern Great Plains /

In the northern Great Plains, fields are land rolled after the planting of annual pulse and forage crops to push rocks back into the soil to prevent damage to harvest equipment. Field trials were conducted in 2004 and 2005 to determine if land rolling influenced weed density or biomass associated with field pea, forage barley, and summer fallow. The experiment included two planting dates, conventional and delayed, for both barley and pea. Separate fallow plots were included with each planting date. Preplant tillage was conducted with a field cultivator for all treatments. Across years, crops, and planting dates, land rolling approximately doubled densities of tumble mustard, Russian thistle, kochia, and redroot pigweed shortly after crop emergence and at harvest compared with nonrolled. Land rolling increased density of early-emerging green foxtail but density at harvest was not affected. Wild oat densities were not influenced by rolling. Weed biomass at harvest was greater after land rolling than nonrolled. Land rolling after planting decreased subsequent pea yield by 330 kg/ha, but did not influence water use or water use efficiency. Land rolling is advantageous by hastening depletion of soil broadleaf weed seed banks in forage barley, but may increase problematic broadleaf weeds in pea.

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EPIC model parameters for cereal, oilseed, and forage crops in the northern Great Plains region

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps95-114 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 679-688 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

J. R. Kiniry ◽

J. R. Williams ◽

D. J. Major ◽

R. C. Izaurralde ◽

P. W. Gassman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Great Plains ◽

The United States ◽

Agricultural Management ◽

Northern Great Plains ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Computer Simulation Model ◽

Forage Crops ◽

Wide Range ◽

Forage Species

The EPIC computer simulation model has potential for assessing agricultural management scenarios in the northern Great Plains region of the United States and western Canada. The objectives of this study were to develop parameters for economically important crop and forage species grown in these regions and to determine whether EPIC could use these parameters to reasonably simulate yields. Parameters for leaf-area development, temperature responses, biomass growth and partitioning, and nutrient concentrations were derived from data in the literature for spring canola, wheat, barley, maize and six forage species. Because of the growing importance of canola in Canada and the United States, much emphasis was placed on deriving its parameters. With these inputs, EPIC reasonably simulated forage and crop yields in six locations and canola yields in four locations. The model should provide reasonable simulations for a wide range of applications throughout these regions. Key words: simulation modeling, canola, agricultural management

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The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 152.Artemisia biennisWilld.

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps2012-328 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 643-658 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G. O. Kegode ◽

S. J. Darbyshire

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Great Plains ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Good Control ◽

The United States ◽

Northern Great Plains ◽

Forage Crops ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

European Settlement ◽

Wide Range

Kegode, G. O. and Darbyshire, S. J. 2013. The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 152. Artemisia biennis Willd. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 643–658. Artemisia biennis Willd. (biennial wormwood, armoise bisannuelle) is an annual or biennial species native to western North America. Closely related species occur in Eurasia and South America which are sometimes considered conspecific. Spreading elsewhere in North America occurred along transportation corridors soon after European settlement and it has since been introduced to other parts of the world. As an economically important weed its impact appears to be increasing, possibly due in part to reduced tillage practices. The most significantly affected regions are the Prairie Provinces of Canada and the northern Great Plains in the United States. Many cereal, oilseed, pulse, vegetable and forage crops are affected where it can reduce yields at relatively low densities. A wide range of soil and moisture conditions are tolerated and it can form dense populations in disturbed habitats where its competitive ability is enhanced by prolific seed production, indeterminate seedling emergence and allelopathic effects. Although tolerant of a number of herbicides in different classes, good control can be achieved through careful timing and split application strategies.

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Growth and forage yield of cowpea and mungbean in the northern Great Plains

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps91-104 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 709-715 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Boe ◽

E. K. Twidwell ◽

K. D. Rephart

Keyword(s):

Great Plains ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Vigna Radiata ◽

Plant Density ◽

Late Summer ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Northern Great Plains ◽

Forage Crops ◽

Plant Weight ◽

The Usa

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] and mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] are summer-annual legumes which have potential as forages in the northern Great Plains region of the USA during late summer when cool-season grass pastures decline in productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate forage yield and growth response of these species when grown under different row spacings and planting rates. Victor cowpea and Berken mungbean were planted at 500 000 pure live seeds (PLS) ha−1 in row spacings of 25, 50, and 75 cm at two South Dakota locations in 1987. In 1988 the two species were planted at rates of either 250 000 or 500 000 PLS ha−1 in the same row spacings at three locations. Cowpea produced higher forage yields than mungbean at all locations in both years. Yields of both species decreased with increased row spacing. Species did not differ in plant weight, but plant number per unit of harvested area was greater for cowpea than mungbean. Forage yield was not significantly affected by planting rate at any location in 1988; however, plant weight, leaflets plant−1, and leaf area plant−1 were significantly greater for the low rate, showing that forage yield remained relatively constant across wide variations in plant population. Results indicate that both cowpea and mungbean have potential as summer annual forage crops. However, the consistently higher yield performance of the cowpea cultivar suggests that it was better adapted than the mungbean cultivar to the northern Great Plains region and consequently should be a better forage crop. Key words: Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek, yield, plant density, cowpea, mungbean

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