scholarly journals Activity and isoenzyme composition of peroxidase in the vegetative organs of Japanese quince under steppe zone conditions

Biologija ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Prisedsky ◽  
Anatoliy Kabar ◽  
Yuriy Lykholat ◽  
Nadezhda Martynova ◽  
Larysa Shupranova
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Peroxidase Isoenzyme ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Japanese Quince ◽  
Isoenzyme Composition

Parameters of peroxidase complex are indicators of the adaptable processes which are taking place in plants under the environment influence. In this work the general activity dynamics and peroxidase isoenzyme composition in vegetative organs of Japanese quince (Chaenomeles Lindl.) were studied. The four species introduced in a steppe zone of Ukraine were researched: Ch. japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Ch. speciosa (Sweet) Nak., Ch. cathayensis (Hemsl.) Schneid., Ch. × superba (Frahm) Red.). It was determined that the enzyme activity of these species possesses specific features subject to the phases of seasonal development and in response to the action of the hydrothermal stress. The highest enzyme activity in the period of intensive growth and flowering, with a subsequent sharp drop towards the middle of summer and further smoother decrease during the phase of physiological rest were observed in the leaves of Ch. speciosa and Ch. cathayensis. A higher peroxidase activity was a characteristic of Ch. japonica and Ch. × superba in the middle of the vegetative period, which can be considered a display of adaptation processes in the conditions of an unfavourable hydrothermal regime. The dynamics of changes in the quantitative composition of isoperoxidases was similar to the dynamics of enzyme activity. As a result of the generalization of the obtained data it is possible to consider that Ch. japonica and Ch. × superba are the steadiest in the conditions of the region.

Biological features of Iris setosa in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
L. L. Sedelnikova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Cone ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Generative Organs

The seasonal rhythm of development of Iris setosa during the growing season of 2016–2018 in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia is analyzed. It was determined that in the pre-winter the cone of growthof the renewal shoot forms vegetative organs-leaves, which corresponds to the second stage of organogenesis. Differentiation of the growth cone of the shoot to generative organs begins in early spring in May during a period of intensivegrowth. Within 14–15 days, the growth cone undergoes intrarenal development from stages III to VIII of organogenesis.IX–XII stages of organogenesis correspond to phenodates from flowering to fruiting. The duration of flowering is 10–25days. Plants undergo a full cycle of seasonal development from regrowth to fruiting, have high cold resistance, resistanceto diseases and pests. In the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia, the adaptive potential of I. setosa is 23–30 points. Itwas found that according to the adaptation criteria, highly promising plants of I. setosa from the Trans-Baikal population.

scholarly journals Modification of the methodology for ssessing the viability of introduced species in accordance with the conditions of dry steppe zone of the Orenburg region

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Daria G. Fedorova ◽  
Natalia M. Nazarova ◽  
Yulia F. Kuhlevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Introduced Plants ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Height Increase ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Viability Score

Abstract. The work was carried out to modify the method of assessing the viability of plants, taking into account the limiting factors of the climatic conditions of the Orenburg Preduralie. Are studied several species of plants, during the introduction at the steppe zone (on example of Оrenburg). Introduction study of all taxons was carried out for 8 years (20122020). The results of visual and laboratory observations of the seasonal development of species. During the entire observation period such indicators, as lignification of shoots, heat resistance, drought resistance, winter hardiness, shoot-forming capacity, height increase, generative development, and possible ways of reproduction in culture were evaluated annually. For each indicator numerical values in points corresponding to a certain state of the plant were selected. Based on the integrated assessment, the total viability score was calculated separately for each year of observations and the average score for the observation period. The sum of the average scores is an integral numerical expression of the viability of the introduced plants. Was established that the studied species belong to the I and II group relatively the criterion of life skills. The most species and sorts are among the most promising plants for introduction.

Phosphatase Activity of Water as a Monitoring Parameter

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Matavulj ◽  
M. Bokorov ◽  
S. Gajin ◽  
M. Gantar ◽  
S. Stojilković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Water Classification ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Flexible Adaptation ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Flowing Waters

The biological monitoring of water saprobity and trophic degree primarily involves the study of qualitative and quantitative composition of organisms present in the water. Although relatively satisfactory as an indicator of the water's organic load, the counting of bacteria is often an unreliable parameter. Due to their polyenzymatic nature, which enables flexible adaptation to new and different physico-chemical conditions of their habitats, microorganisms respond quickly to trophic degree change, but faster by changing the level of their enzyme activity, than by changing the number of cells. On the basis of these findings, the enzyme activity of microbialaquatic biotopepopulations is suggested in recent literature as an additional indicator of the degree of organic load in the water. The results obtained by investigation of the phosphatase activity in samples from natural and artificial water accumulations and flowing waters in Vojvodina Province, having different eutrophic degree, suggest the measurement of the level of water enzyme activity as an additional biochemical indicator of saprobity degree. At the same time, on the basis of long--term measurement of the water phosphatase activity, compared to classical categorizations based on qualitative and quantitative composition of organisms present in the water, classification of surface freshwater s into quality categories according to the level of enzyme (phosphatase) activity of water is proposed.

scholarly journals New cultivar of soybean Gorinskaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
N. I. Kashevarov ◽  
R. I. Polyudina ◽  
D. A. Potapov
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
State Register ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Number Of Branches

The paper presents results of research into breeding of the new soybean cultivar Gorinskaya by the methods of hybridization and individual selection. Soybean varieties SibNIIK-315 (female parent) and Fiskebi V (male parent) were used as a starting material. The studies were carried out in the forest-steppe zone of the Western Siberia (Novosibirsk region). Soybean Gorinskaya belongs to the Manchu subspecies. The plants have a light brown (reddish) pubescence of the stem, leaves, beans. The growth pattern and the type of apex is intermediate, the number of branches is 1–3, the angle of branching is 20–30 degrees, the bush is compressed. The height to the first branch is 6–10 cm, the attachment height of the lower pod is 10–13 cm. The beans are distributed evenly throughout the plant. The length of the stem is 55–75 cm, the number of internodes on the stem is 12–15. The inflorescence is a small-flowered raceme of 3-5 flowers. The corolla is purple in color. The pods are slightly curved with a pointed tip; when ripe, they acquire a brown color. The seeds are elongated-oval, greenish-yellow in color, without pigmentation. The seed hilum is brown. The cultivar is the grain variety for use. The yield in the competitive variety testing reached 29.4 c / ha. The mass of seeds per plant is 10–12 g, the mass of 1000 seeds is 150–160 g. The number of seeds per pod is 2-3; the average number of pods per 1 productive node is 2-3. The protein content in seeds is 35-38, fat – 17-19%. Duration of the vegetative period is 100-105 days. The cultivar is medium resistant to diseases, cold, drought, and soil salinity. In 2018, the Gorinskaya soybean variety was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements Approved for Use in the Russian Federation for the East Siberian region.

scholarly journals Taxonomic structure of the southern chernozem under application of biological preparations and different farming systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032011
Author(s):  
T N Melnichuk ◽  
S F Abdurashytov ◽  
A Yu Egovtseva ◽  
E R Abdurashytova ◽  
E N Turin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Virgin Soil ◽  
No Till ◽  
Southern Chernozem

Abstract The study of the taxonomic structure of the southern chernozem under influence of microbial preparations and various farming systems in the conditions of the southern steppe zone has been carried out. Metagenomic analysis of the microbiome of southern chernozem showed the presence of 174 genera representatives of prokaryotes, among which 17 are dominant, representing more than 1%. Farming systems cause changes in the taxonomic structure of the microbiome in comparison with virgin soil in the steppe zone. The influence of microbial preparations of complex action on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiome of southern chernozem and increasing under no-till farming system has been established. The maximum content of water-soluble organic matter was found in virgin soil, which has higher amount of plant residues, up to 491 mg/kg of soil. Under the influence of farming systems its amount decreased in 4.2-8.5 times. The use of a complex of microbial preparations in the southern chernozem contributed to an increase in the amount of water-soluble fraction of humus depending on the farming system: 1.7 times with the conventional farming system and 3 times with no-till compared to the control without CMP.

The metabolism of L-proline by jack pine seedlings

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 2163-2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Durzan ◽  
P. K. Ramaiah
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Peroxidase Isoenzyme ◽  
Succinamic Acid ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Pyrrolidone Carboxylic Acid

The metabolism of L-proline was studied in 6-day-old jack pine seedlings, freshly excised from the nutritive female gametophyte. During the following 24 h, a sharp drop in free amino acids and protein was observed. Although levels of free proline were low, uniformly labeled 14C-L-proline and proline-3, 4-3H served as precursors for the dicarboxylic amino acids and their corresponding amides, glutamine and asparagine, which usually accumulate during germination. The origin of asparagine while unresolved did not involve β-cyanoalanine. Other products of proline metabolism included Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid, glutamic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid. With 14C-proline, radioactivity in alanine and serine resulted presumably from refixation of 14CO2 that was released by the decarboxylation of glutamic acid and other organic acids. The remaining products, e.g. pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, succinamic acid, and succinimide, were more closely related to the fate of glutamine than to proline.Radioactivity in proline and derived amino acids was recovered from soluble proteins separated on polyacrylamide gels. Five fractions revealed a similar diurnal turnover of specific activity. Three of these contained peroxidase isoenzyme activity. The recovery of tritium from peroxidase isoenzymes was related through the metabolism of proline to the intake and metabolism of water as well as to the appearance of enzyme activity in vascular tissues and emerging root and shoot apices.

scholarly journals Trypsin inhibitor activity in representatives of the genus Hedysarum (Fabaceae): the polyvariance of seasonal dynamics in Southern Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
E. V. Zhmud ◽  
N. S. Zinner ◽  
O. V. Dorogina
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Altai Republic ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Southern Siberia

Background. Trypsin-inhibiting activity (TIA) is one of the factors of plant immunity. This factor provides the presence of general non-specific systemic resistance. Representatives of the genus Hedysarum L. are promising medicinal and high-protein fodder plants with high TIA in the leaves. High TIA values in the aboveground part of plants lead to a decrease in protein assimilation by animals. Therefore, identifying the differentiation in the features of TIA seasonal dynamics will make it possible to use the potential of these species most effectively under the conditions of Southern Siberia.Materials and methods. TIA in the leaves of mature generative plants of Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. and H. flavescens Regel & Schmalh. was analyzed. H. theinum is a rare species for Siberia; H. flavescens is a settled one in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. The studies were conducted with H. theinum in 2010 under natural conditions (Altai Republic) and in cultivation (forest zone of Western Siberia). In 2017, H. theinum and H. flavescens were studied under cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. The research method was based on the spectrophotometric measurement of the optical density in protein substrate (BAPA) decomposition products under the effect of trypsin (at 405 nm). Bovine trypsin manufactured by ISNBiomedical (USA) was used. BAPA (Na -benzoyl-DL-argininep-nitroanilide) served as a substrate.Conclusions. The TIA values in the flowering phase of seasonal plant development reached their maximum only under favorable conditions: in Altai Republic for the leaves of H. theinum, and in the foreststeppe zone of Western Siberia for H. flavescens. TIA values in H. theinum did not increase during flowering in the forest zone of Western Siberia and significantly decreased in the forest steppe. In view of these findings, these two species may be recommended for practical utilization in this phase of seasonal development. 

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