scholarly journals Confronting the Challenges of Graduate Education in Sub-Saharan Africa

2015 ◽  
pp. 16-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred M. Hayward ◽  
Daniel J. Ncayiyana
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Education ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
National Development ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Sub Saharan

This piece focuses on the current state of graduate education in Sub-Saharan Africa spelling out some of the challenges faced as well as areas of improvement over the last five years. We emphasize the critical importance of graduate education to national development. We make suggestions about creating high quality graduate programs including the critical need for more PhD faculty members and expanded quality research at Africa’s best universities.

scholarly journals Confronting the Challenges of Graduate Education in Sub-Saharan Africa and Prospects for the Future

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred M. Hayward ◽  
Daniel J. Ncayiyana
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Education ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Afrique Subsaharienne ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Donor Funding ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Term Response

This study examines the current status of graduate education in Sub- Saharan Africa. How has it been affected by the decline in donor funding, economic crises in much of Africa, the phenomenal growth in undergraduate education, and a shortage of faculty members with PhDs. One of the authors suggested in an earlier study that a short-term response to the shortage of high quality graduate education might be regional graduate centers. Has that taken place? To what extent has graduate education improved and expanded? Where has growth taken place? We explore challenges facing the development of high quality graduate education including those of recruitment and retention, efforts to improve the qualifications of faculty members, funding issues, as well as research and publications. Several innovative graduate programs are examined. Finally, we make recommendations for the growth and quality improvement of graduate education including rekindling a culture of research, a focus on quality teaching, and the critical need for major investments in high quality graduate education. Cette analyse s’intéresse au statut des études de master et de doctorat en Afrique subsaharienne. Comment ont-elles été affectées par la diminution des dons financiers, les crises économiques dans toute l’Afrique, la croissance phénoménale du nombre d’étudiants en licence, et le manque de professeurs titulaires d’un doctorat ? Un des auteurs a suggéré dans de précédents travaux une réponse à court-terme à la pénurie de diplômés de master et de doctorat d’excellent niveau : des centres régionaux consacrés aux études de masters et de doctorat. Ceci a t-il été mis en place ? Dans quelle mesure les formations de master et de doctorat se sont-elles améliorées et leur nombre a t-il augmenté ? Où la croissance a t-elle eu lieu ? Nous nous attardons sur les obstacles au développement de formations de master et de doctorat de qualité, en particulier ceux de recrutement et de rétention des étudiants, les efforts pour améliorer les qualifications des professeurs, la situation financière ainsi que la recherche et les publications. Plusieurs formations innovantes de master et de doctorat sont examinées. Finalement, nous proposons des recommandations pour la croissance et l’amélioration de la qualité des études de master et de doctorat, notamment raviver la culture de recherche, se concentrer sur la qualité de l’enseignement, et le besoin critique d’investissements majeurs dans des masters et doctorats de qualité.

scholarly journals Graduate Education in Sub-Saharan Africa

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Graduate Education ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Regional Basis ◽  
Sub Saharan

An examination of some of the challenges facing graduate education in Sub-Saharan Africa which traces the decline in higher education in much of Africa, describes problems hindering quality graduate education, the need to recreate the culture of research that existed earlier, and makes some suggestions about ways to promote and expand high quality graduate education on a regional basis.

scholarly journals Assessing Future Water Demand and Associated Energy Input with Plausible Scenarios for Water Service Providers (WSPs) in Sub-Saharan Africa

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2169
Author(s):  
Pauline Macharia ◽  
Nzula Kitaka ◽  
Paul Yillia ◽  
Norbert Kreuzinger
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Energy Input ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Water Service ◽  
Current State ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sub Saharan

This study examined the current state of water demand and associated energy input for water supply against a projected increase in water demand in sub-Saharan Africa. Three plausible scenarios, namely, Current State Extends (CSE), Current State Improves (CSI) and Current State Deteriorates (CSD) were developed and applied using nine quantifiable indicators for water demand projections and the associated impact on energy input for water supply for five Water Service Providers (WSPs) in Kenya to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach based on real data in sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, the daily per capita water-use in the service area of four of the five WSPs was below minimum daily requirement of 50 L/p/d. Further, non-revenue water losses were up to three times higher than the regulated benchmark (range 26–63%). Calculations showed a leakage reduction potential of up to 70% and energy savings of up to 12 MWh/a. The projected water demand is expected to increase by at least twelve times the current demand to achieve universal coverage and an average daily per capita consumption of 120 L/p/d for the urban population by 2030. Consequently, the energy input could increase almost twelve-folds with the CSI scenario or up to fifty-folds with the CSE scenario for WSPs where desalination or additional groundwater abstraction is proposed. The approach used can be applied for other WSPs which are experiencing a similar evolution of their water supply and demand drivers in sub-Saharan Africa. WSPs in the sub-region should explore aggressive strategies to jointly address persistent water losses and associated energy input. This would reduce the current water supply-demand gap and minimize the energy input that will be associated with exploring additional water sources that are typically energy intensive.

The Urban Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities

10.1068/c3p ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Kessides
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
National Development ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Urban Transition ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Sub Saharan

In this paper I ask how the ongoing processes of urban and local government development in Sub-Saharan Africa can and should benefit the countries, and what conditions must be met to achieve this favourable outcome. The region faces close to a doubling of the urban population in fifteen years. This urban transition poses an opportunity as well as a management challenge. Urban areas represent underutilised resources that concentrate much of the countries' physical, financial, and intellectual capital. Therefore it is critical to understand how they can better serve the national growth and poverty reduction agendas. The paper challenges several common ‘myths’ that cloud discourse about urban development in Africa. I also take a hard look at what the urban transition can offer national development, and what support cities and local governments require to achieve these results. I argue that, rather than devoting more attention to debating the urban contribution to development in Africa, real energy needs to be spent unblocking it.

scholarly journals Causes of corruption: Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Ato Forson ◽  
Theresa Yaaba Baah-Ennumh ◽  
Ponlapat Buracom ◽  
Guojin Chen ◽  
Peng Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
National Development ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Government Effectiveness ◽  
Regulatory Quality ◽  
Sub Saharan

This study explores the causes of corruption in 22 countries in sub-Saharan Africa from 1996 to 2013. The sources of corruption are grouped into three main thematic areas – historical roots, contemporary causes and institutional causes to make way for subjective and objective measures. The subjective measures allow for assessment of the effectiveness of anticorruption policies. Using pooled OLS, fixed-effect and instrumental-variable approaches, and focusing on the perceived level of corruption as the dependent variable, we find that ethnic diversity, resource abundance and educational attainment are markedly less associated with corruption. In contrast, wage levels of bureaucrats and anticorruption measures based on government effectiveness and regulatory quality breed substantial corruption. Press freedom is found to be variedly associated with corruption. On the basis of these findings, we recommend that the fight against corruption on the continent needs to be reinvented through qualitative and assertive institutional reforms. Anticorruption policy decisions should focus on existing educational systems as a conduit for intensifying awareness of the devastating effect of corruption on sustainable national development.

scholarly journals Current State of Affairs With Regard to Thanatological Imaging in Francophone Sub-saharan Africa: Opinions of Radiology Technicians

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Abdoulatif Amadou ◽  
Pihou Gbande ◽  
Solim Carolle Nabede ◽  
Massaga Dagbe ◽  
Lantam Sonhaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Current State ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Radiology Technicians ◽  
State Of Affairs

An Historical Assessment and Analysis of Economic Imperialism in West Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Ayokunle Olumuyiwa Omobowale ◽  
Natewinde Sawadogo
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
National Development ◽  
West African ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
The West ◽  
West African Coast ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Economic Imperialism

Abstract The West African political economy has been shaped by the policies, decisions and actions of dominant European imperialist countries since about over 500 years. Starting with imperial merchant capitalism along the West African coast in the 16th Century and French gradual acquisition of Senegal as a colony as from 1677, West Africa has remained under the imperialist hold. West Africa remains economically dependent on its former colonial masters despite more than 60 years since the countries started gaining independence. The consequences of economic imperialism on West Africa have included exploitative resource extraction, proxy and resource influenced civil wars, illegal trade in natural resources, mass poverty, and external migration of skilled workers necessary for national development. The world sees and broadcasts poverty, starvation, conflict and Saharan migration in the West African sub-continent, but hardly reports the exploitative imperialistic processes that have produced poverty and misery in West Africa in particular and across sub-Saharan Africa in general.

Literacy: Gateway to a World of Exploits

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Biale Zua
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
National Governments

The importance of literacy to the personal development of an individual and existence of any nation cannot be overemphasized. Literacy is the foundation for meaningful development of any nation. It is not a single entity but an interconnection of several fields―education, health, agriculture, and more. For example, a literate individual can have access to information relating to her career or business. However, not every individual in the society is literate enough to contribute to national development. Thus, strong literacy skills are necessary to function in today’s contemporary society. This research examines literacy across African countries with a view of determining countries with high literacy rates. Countries in sub-Saharan Africa have low literacy rates with gender and regional disparity. Therefore, sub-Saharan Africa national governments need to develop strong literacy skills in their countries to participate effectively in the globalized society.

Foreign Land Acquisitions, Corruption, and Sustainable Livelihood in Sub-Saharan Africa

2015 ◽  
pp. 237-261
Author(s):  
James E. Conable
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Negotiated Settlement ◽  
Land Acquisitions ◽  
Foreign Land ◽  
Sub Saharan

This chapter investigates the link between foreign land acquisitions and corruption and its implications for sustainable livelihoods in two countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Mozambique and Tanzania. The leading question is, Does foreign land acquisition provide support for sustainable livelihoods or threaten it and why? The findings reveal that foreign land acquisition provides the prospect to build the capacity necessary for the development of Mozambique and Tanzania, but the local communities that host biofuel industries are being exploited and their livelihoods threatened due their marginalization in the land transactions. At a glance, it appears as if land deals are transparent, communities, governments, and foreign investors reach a negotiated settlement that benefits all sides, but land deals are being facilitated by power dynamics, corruption, community cohesion, and promises without fulfillment. Therefore, given local communities equal opportunity to influence land deals will create the environment necessary for cooperation, fulfillment of promises, national development, and improve livelihood opportunities.

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