scholarly journals ThManager: An Open Source Tool for Creating and Visualizing SKOS

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Lacasta ◽  
Javier Nogueras-Iso ◽  
Francisco Javier López-Pellicer ◽  
Pedro Rafail Muro-Medrano ◽  
Francisco Javier Zarazaga-Soria
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Open Source Tool ◽  
Knowledge Models ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Interchange Format

Knowledge organization systems denotes formally represented knowledge that is used within the context of digital libraries to improve data sharing and information retrieval. To increase their use, and to reuse them when possible, it is vital to manage them adequately and to provide them in a standard interchange format. Simple knowledge organization systems (SKOS) seem to be the most promising representation for the type of knowledge models used in digital libraries, but there is a lack of tools that are able to properly manage it. This work presents a tool that fills this gap, facilitating their use in different environments and using SKOS as an interchange format.

scholarly journals theoretical investigation about the notion of parts and wholes

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Barcellos ALMEIDA ◽  
Renata Abrantes BARACHO
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Theoretical Investigation ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Philosophical Study ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Issue Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

Within the realm of Information Science, information retrieval is a seminal issue. Knowledge organization systems are instruments that organize knowledge by connecting concepts through semantic relations for purposes of information retrieval. One of the most important of these semantic relations is the so-called part-whole relation. In this paper, we revisit some peculiarities of part-whole relations that are often overlooked by the Information Science community. In order to do this, we provide a theoretical investigation of two perspectives used to explain the notion of parts and wholes: a formal perspective, which is based on the philosophical study usually called mereology; a non-formal perspective, which is based on the linguistic study about a relation called meronym. We discuss the relationship between these perspectives through the issue of transitivity, which is an important property of part-whole relations for information retrieval. We find that these perspectives, although distinguished, are somehow complementary. The results of our analysis suggest that the choice for either a formal or a non-formal perspective could be based on a pragmatic criterion in the scope of development of knowledge organization systems. We conclude by offering some considerations correlating two main sorts of these systems, namely ontologies and thesauri.

scholarly journals On Knowledge Organization

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
Alan Gilchrist
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
End Users ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Knowledge Models ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
The World ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Information Professionals

It is argued that because knowledge is abstract and every person has a unique perception of his environment and the properties and behaviour of its components, it follows that those people engaged in Knowledge Organization (and less directly Knowledge Representation) must base their work on physical records, which we may call carriers of information, or messages. The products based on analysis of these messages can then be considered as models of knowledge. Models are created in order to reduce complexity and to gain a clearer understanding of aspects of the world around us, but they must be continuously tested and revised in a working environment. The testing of the products of Knowledge Organization is often carried out by information scientists in their provision of information retrieval, whereas while the products of Knowledge Representation also rely on Knowledge Organization, they may be considered, to some extent, to be self-testing. It follows that much can be gained by a closer collaboration between those engaged in Knowledge Organization, Knowledge Representation and various other information professionals engaged in delivering information to end users.

scholarly journals RankEval: Open Tool for Evaluation of Machine-Learned Ranking

2013 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleftherios Avramidis
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Machine Translation ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Reward Systems ◽  
Quality Estimation ◽  
Open Source Tool ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
The One ◽  
Reciprocal Rank

Abstract Recent research and applications for evaluation and quality estimation of Machine Translation require statistical measures for comparing machine-predicted ranking against gold sets annotated by humans. Additional to the existing practice of measuring segment-level correlation with Kendall tau, we propose using ranking metrics from the research field of Information Retrieval such as Mean Reciprocal Rank, Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain and Expected Reciprocal Rank. These reward systems that predict correctly the highest ranked items than the one of lower ones. We present an open source tool ”RANKEVAL” providing implementation of these metrics. It can be either run independently as a script supporting common formats or can be imported to any Python application.

scholarly journals Using ReproZip for Reproducibility and Library Services

10.29173/iq18 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Vicky Steeves ◽  
Rémi Rampin ◽  
Fernando Chirigati
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Operating Systems ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Digital Humanities ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Open Source Tool ◽  
Library Use ◽  
New Machine

Achieving research reproducibility is challenging in many ways: there are social and cultural obstacles as well as a constantly changing technical landscape that makes replicating and reproducing research difficult. Users face challenges in reproducing research across different operating systems, in using different versions of software across long projects and among collaborations, and in using publicly available work. The dependencies required to reproduce the computational environments in which research happens can be exceptionally hard to track – in many cases, these dependencies are hidden or nested too deeply to discover, and thus impossible to install on a new machine, which means adoption remains low. In this paper, we present ReproZip , an open source tool to help overcome the technical difficulties involved in preserving and replicating research, applications, databases, software, and more. We will examine the current use cases of ReproZip , ranging from digital humanities to machine learning. We also explore potential library use cases for ReproZip, particularly in digital libraries and archives, liaison librarianship, and other library services. We believe that libraries and archives can leverage ReproZip to deliver more robust reproducibility services, repository services, as well as enhanced discoverability and preservation of research materials, applications, software, and computational environments.

scholarly journals Using ReproZip for Reproducibility and Library Services

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicky Steeves ◽  
Remi Rampin ◽  
Fernando Chirigati
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Operating Systems ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Digital Humanities ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Open Source Tool ◽  
Library Use ◽  
New Machine

This is a pre-print of a manuscript pending publication. Achieving research reproducibility is challenging in many ways: there are social and cultural obstacles as well as a constantly changing technical landscape that makes replicating and reproducing research difficult. Users face challenges in reproducing research across different operating systems, in using different versions of software across long projects and among collaborations, and in using publicly available work. The dependencies required to reproduce the computational environments in which research happens can be exceptionally hard to track – in many cases, these dependencies are hidden or nested too deeply to discover, and thus impossible to install on a new machine, which means adoption remains low. In this paper, we present ReproZip, an open source tool to help overcome the technical difficulties involved in preserving and replicating research, applications, databases, software, and more. We examine the current use cases of ReproZip, ranging from digital humanities to machine learning. We also explore potential library use cases for ReproZip, particularly in digital libraries and archives, liaison librarianship, and other library services. We believe that libraries and archives can leverage ReproZip to deliver more robust reproducibility services, repository services, as well as enhanced discoverability and preservation of research materials, applications, software, and computational environments.

scholarly journals Community-Driven Knowledge Organization for Cultural Heritage Digital Libraries: The Case of the Inuvialuit Settlement Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Sharon Farnel ◽  
Ali Shiri
Keyword(s):  
Digital Library ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
North Western

The Inuvialuit Digital Library (https://inuvialuitdigitallibrary.ca/) was developed as part of the Digital Library North Project, a four-year collaboration to develop a digital library infrastructure to support preservation of and access to cultural resources in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region in north western Canada. In this paper, we present the methodologies and approaches used in the development of a culturally appropriate metadata and description framework for the digital library. Specifically, we address soliciting community involvement for building knowledge organization systems, culturally appropriate feedback mechanisms for correcting knowledge organization practices, and deciding who will create the structure and format of knowledge organization systems. Specific practical considerations and decisions on culturally appropriate metadata elements are discussed, in particular such description and design elements as subjects, contributors and roles, language and dialects, geographic names and user interface functionalities.

Ontologies as Knowledge Organization Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-176
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Biagetti
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Query Expansion ◽  
Semantic Interoperability ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Biomedical Ontologies ◽  
Semantic Richness ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Domain Ontologies

This contribution presents the principal features of ontologies, drawing special attention to the comparison between ontologies and the different kinds of know­ledge organization systems (KOS). The focus is on the semantic richness exhibited by ontologies, which allows the creation of a great number of relationships between terms. That establishes ontologies as the most evolved type of KOS. The concepts of “conceptualization” and “formalization” and the key components of ontologies are described and discussed, along with upper and domain ontologies and special typologies, such as bibliographical ontologies and biomedical ontologies. The use of ontologies in the digital libraries environment, where they have replaced thesauri for query expansion in searching, and the role they are playing in the Semantic Web, especially for semantic interoperability, are sketched.

scholarly journals Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-319
Author(s):  
Richard P. Smiraglia
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Intellectual Content ◽  
Large Sets ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Entity Relationship ◽  
Mental Constructs ◽  
Over Time

A work is a deliberately created informing entity intended for communication. A work consists of abstract intellectual content that is distinct from any object that is its carrier. In library and information science, the importance of the work lies squarely with the problem of information retrieval. Works are mentefacts-intellectual (or mental) constructs that serve as artifacts of the cultures in which they arise. The meaning of a work is abstract at every level, from its creator’s conception of it, to its reception and inherence by its consumers. Works are a kind of informing object and are subject to the phenomenon of instantiation, or realization over time. Research has indicated a base typology of instantiation. The problem for information retrieval is to simultaneously collocate and disambiguate large sets of instantiations. Cataloging and bibliographc tradition stipulate an alphabetico-classed arrangement of works based on an authorship principle. FRBR provided an entity-relationship schema for enhanced control of works in future catalogs, which has been incorporated into RDA. FRBRoo provides an empirically more precise model of work entities as informing objects and a schema for their representation in knowledge organization systems.

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