scholarly journals Filantropía secular. La ayuda interesada de los fundadores del Asilo de Mendigos en la Ciudad de México, 1879-1902.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Dolores Lorenzo Río
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Social Question ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

En este artículo exploramos las “buenas intenciones” de un grupo de filántropos, empresarios liberales, seculares y reformistas que, con el argumento de impulsar la modernización urbana, propusieron desplazar a los limosneros de las calles centrales de la Ciudad de México para contenerlos en el Asilo Particular para Mendigos, fundado en 1879 y ubicado en la periferia urbana. Si bien las obras de la filantropía suelen estudiarse como formas de financiamiento del arte y la cultura o bien como respuesta para la educación y la higiene de los pobres, en este artículo nos centramos en el interés de los filántropos por fomentar el comercio y el ordenamiento urbano, a través de un proyecto asistencial. Asimismo, proponemos una definición acotada de la filantropía secular y sus características que pueden estudiarse a partir del caso específico del Asilo Particular de Mendigos y de las prácticas filantrópicas que le dieron sentido al interés público a finales del siglo XIX. Para sustentar este trabajo consultamos los informes de la Junta de Beneficencia Pública y los informes de las Actas del Consejo del Asilo, prensa periódica y otras fuentes, destacamos de éstas un documento peculiar sobre un estudio de las rutas que los mendigos recorrieron por la ciudad y que le dieron el sustento razonado a esta forma de filantropía en la Ciudad de México. Modern philanthropy used public interest as an argument for intervention in “social question”. The critical point of this text argue how "disinterested" were the "good intentions" of a group of philanthropists, liberals, secularists and reformists who, under the argument of urban modernization, sought to displace beggars from the streets to contain them in the Asilo Particular para Mendigos, founded in Mexico City in 1879. We show the social composition of the founding group and the many meanings on their social actions. We explore a peculiar research elaborated on the routes the beggars traveled through the city, that gave the reasoned support to the foundation. Using the “well-intentioned” argument of helping the poor, philanthropists exerted their influence on urban planning provisions, in addition to mitigating social tensions.

Reviews of the Literature

1952 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City ◽  
Roman Catholics

With the assistance of ten students and six priests over a period of 12 months, the head of the department of sociology at Loyola University of the South conducted a field study of the social actions of parishioners and clergy in a single Roman Catholic Church unit in the city of New Orleans. The methodology and conceptual framework of the analysis of action within the context of the social institution, viewed structurally and functionally, have been magnificently adhered to. Religious actions, conceived as such by the actors and by others who interpret their behavior, are the substance of this study in parochial sociology. Data were collected by patient observation of the many aspects of the detailed religious patterns of action in which Roman Catholics engage. These are, among others, the typical and atypical behavior associated with church attendance, the sacraments, retreats, missions, recruitment for the priesthood, special devotions and feast-days, and the observances relating to baptism, matrimony and death.

scholarly journals Iguales problemas, idénticas soluciones. El Monte de Piedad de Buenos Aires y su respuesta a la usura (1877-1904)

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Graciela Mateo Pietro
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The City

“Al rico nunca le ofrezcan / y al pobre jamás le falten”. Estos versos del Martín Fierro -obra maestra de la narrativa gauchesca argentina- remiten al Monte de Piedad de Buenos Aires: por un lado, esencializan la función social como institución proveedora de crédito a los sectores desamparados de la sociedad, y por otro permiten identificar a su autor, José Hernández, como miembro del Consejo de Administración de la entidad y tenaz defensor de su continuidad.El presente artículo estudia, a partir de los antecedentes del crédito pignoraticio y del rol desempeñado por los montepíos nativos a mediados del siglo XIX, el origen y la trayectoria del Monte de Piedad de Buenos Aires, destinado a aliviar las penurias de los sectores vulnerados, tanto nativos como inmigrantes, evitando que sean víctimas de la usura. En tal sentido y desde una perspectiva macro que dé cuenta de la situación económico- financiera del país y particularmente de la provincia de Buenos Aires, se privilegia el análisis micro de las distintas etapas de la historia de este entidad y de su función social; desde su fundación en 1877 dependiente del Banco de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, su incorporación una década después al patrimonio municipal y su conversión en 1904 en Banco Municipal de Préstamos. El punto de partida es un estado de la cuestión sobre el tema. Las fuentes primarias (Libros de Actas, Memorias y balances, Cartas orgánicas, Reglamentos de la institución, Diario de Sesiones de la Legislatura bonaerense y del Consejo Deliberante de la ciudad de Buenos Aires) así como algunas publicaciones periódicas de la época, resultan sustantivas para lograr el objetivo propuesto. “Never offer to the rich /and may the poor never lack” These verses by Martín Fierro -a masterpiece of Argentine gaucho narrative- represent the Monte de Piedad in Buenos Aires and its development. In a way, they essentialize the social function of this institution that provides credit to the underprivileged sectors of society. Besides, this affirmation allows to identify its author, José Hernández, as a member of the entity’s Board of Directors and a tenacious defender of its continuity.This article is based on the antecedents of the pledge credit and the role played by the native montepíos in the mid-19th century. Its focused in the study of the origin and trajectory of Monte de Piedad in Buenos Aires, as an institution which alleviated the hardships of the vulnerable sectors, both natives and immigrants, and prevented them from being victims of usury. Both macro and micro perspectives converge in this analysis. Firstly, the argentine economic and financial situation is taken into account to get to Buenos Aires’ province evaluation. Secondly, the history of this entity’s social function is examined since it was founded in 1877 (under the Bank of the Province of Buenos Aires), to its incorporation a decade later into the municipal patrimony and its conversion into the Municipal Bank of Loans, in 1904.The article starts with a bibliographic review of this particular subject. The proposed objective is achieved by analyzing diverse primary sources (Minutes Books, Memories and balances, Organic Letters, Institution Regulations, Journal of Sessions of the Buenos Aires Legislature and the Deliberative Council of the city of Buenos Aires) as well as the main periodical publications of the time.

Pay, Promotion, and Democratization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Seligmann
Keyword(s):  
Officer Corps ◽  
Social Reformer ◽  
Winston Churchill ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Many ◽  
Naval Officers ◽  
Lower Deck

As soon as he was appointed First Lord of the Admiralty in 1911, Winston Churchill sought to buttress his credentials as a social reformer by improving conditions for sailors in the Navy and widening the social composition of the officer corps. This chapter examines his efforts towards both of these ends. It shows how he fought against the Treasury and his Cabinet colleagues to offer sailors their first meaningful pay rise in decades. It similarly catalogues the many schemes he introduced to entice people from a wider range of backgrounds, including sailors from the lower deck, to become naval officers. As with enhanced naval pay, this required him to persevere against entrenched interests, but as this chapter will show, his achievements in this area were considerable.

COVID-19 pandemic and the poor in the urban spaces of India with special reference to Mumbai

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujayita Bhattacharjee ◽  
Sanjukta Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socioeconomic Crisis ◽  
The City

PurposeThe lives of the poor in the urban spaces of India are filled with hardships. They live amidst poverty and struggle to survive within other problems such as insecure jobs, lack of proper housing, unsanitary conditions and low levels of health immunity. This vulnerable section of the population has been rendered furthermore vulnerable by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in ways that were never imagined before. Taking this into consideration, the purpose of this article is to examine the vulnerability of the poor in the urban settings of India with special reference to Mumbai in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology adopted in the study is based on the analysis of secondary data and content analysis of the existing literature. In addition to this, the study also makes use of certain narratives of the urban poor in Mumbai that have been captured by various articles, reports and blogs.FindingsThe findings of the study reveal how the urban poor of India, with special reference to Mumbai, the financial capital of India, has emerged as the worst sufferers of the socioeconomic crisis caused by the social distancing and lockdown measures imposed for combating the pandemic.Originality/valueThe study tries to explore the reality of the urban poor's right to the city in the wake of the pandemic.

scholarly journals Urban social movements in South Africa today: Its meaning for theological education and the church

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan F. De Beer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Theological Education ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Urban Social Movements ◽  
Gustavo Gutierrez ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

In the past decade, significant social movements emerged in South Africa, in response to specific urban challenges of injustice or exclusion. This article will interrogate the meaning of such urban social movements for theological education and the church. Departing from a firm conviction that such movements are irruptions of the poor, in the way described by Gustavo Gutierrez and others, and that movements of liberation residing with, or in a commitment to, the poor, should be the locus of our theological reflection, this article suggests that there is much to be gained from the praxis of urban social movements, in disrupting, informing and shaping the praxis of both theological education and the church. I will give special consideration to Ndifuna Ukwazi and the Reclaim the City campaign in Cape Town, the Social Justice Coalition in Cape Town, and Abahlali baseMjondolo based in Durban, considering these as some of the most important and exciting examples of liberatory praxes in South Africa today. I argue that theological education and educators, and a church committed to the Jesus who came ‘to liberate the oppressed’, ignore these irruptions of the Spirit at our own peril.

scholarly journals Los usos del pragmatismo o cómo hacer sociología con filosofía

2017 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Philippe Schaffhauser
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
The Social ◽  
Participative Approach ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Many

Resumen:El pragmatismo y la sociología son, por decirlo así, primos hermanos ya que fueron engendrados en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX por la modernidad y la imperiosa necesidad de contrastar procesos sociales y económicos mediante una postura científica, crítica y participativa. Sin embargo este lazo de parentesco no significa que en la actualidad se haya dado una relación real a través de la constitución por ejemplo de un programa sociológico de corte pragmatista. La tradición pragmatista no es sino una fuente entre muchas otras para el pensamiento de autores tan diversos como son Jürgen Habermas y David Bloor. Lo único que encontramos cuando se revisan las fuentes son contados casos de acercamiento teórico entre ambas miradas y formas de acción, esto es, mediante textos de Emilio Durkheim (1913-1914), Charles W. Mills (1968) y hoy día con Hans Joas (1998 y 2002). En este artículo se pretende discutir sobre los posibles aportes del pensamiento pragmatista para la reflexión sociológica, los cuales giran en torno a buscar soluciones a problemas metodológicos-teóricos. En este sentido la concepción “práctica” de la realidad social como un proceso continuo y situado en un espacio “plástico” o, conforme a G.H. Mead y John Dewey, el re-planteamiento del concepto de acción social como “acción creadora culturalmente situada” pueden ser de gran interés para ampliar las perspectivas de la reflexión sociológica.Palabras clave: Sociología, Pragmatismo, Acción Creadora, Creencia y Continuidades.AbstractPragmatism and sociology are sort of first-cousins as both emerged from modernity in the second half of the nineteenth century, upon the need to contrast social processes with economic ones from a scientific, critical and participative approach. However, this does not mean there is currently a real link between the two of them given by, for instance, the development of a sociological programme based on pragmatism. The pragmatic tradition is only one of the many other sources for various thinkers like Jürgen Habermas and David Bloor. The only theoretical link and ways of action connecting these two disciplines are given in cases such as Emilio Durkheim (1913-1914), Charles W. Mills (1968) and nowadays Hans Joas (1998 and 2002).  This article aims at discussing about the potential contributions of the pragmatic thought to the sociological one in order to find answers to methodological and theoretical problems. In this sense, the "practical" conception of the social reality as a continuous process placed in a "plastic" space, as stated by G.H Mead and John Dewey, reshaping the social action concept as a "creative action culturally placed" may be of help to expand sociological perspectives.Key words: sociology; pragmatism; creative action; belief and continuities

scholarly journals CDMX Resilient Code: Water Commons in Mexico City

ZARCH ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 138-153
Author(s):  
Lorena Bello Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
The Social ◽  
Strategic Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Using Mexico City (CDMX) as a paradigmatic example of seriously unbalanced water regimes, our project Resilient Code helps strengthen and communicate CDMX’s government efforts toward risk reduction and water resilience in marginal communities. Our project does so by bridging otherwise separate agents in the government towards a common goal: equitable resilience. Resilient Code provides design solutions that link the social infrastructure of PILARES (a network of 300 vocational schools distributed throughout the city) to CDMX’s environmental and risk reduction initiatives, including their Risk Atlas. This strategic program of design-based solutions began with “water resilience” as a Pilot to repurpose public space throughout underserviced barrios as a network of “water-commons”. Resilient Code helps partners in CDMX implement projects to reduce environmental risks and complement socio-economic programs, fostering growth of the “water-commons”. Resilient Code is socialized through a participatory game-based workshop, and through an online Atlas of Risk Reduction.

The Modern City

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIANE E. DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Political Alliances ◽  
The Social ◽  
Shifting Balance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The City ◽  
Rich History

What constitutes modern Mexico? Is there a clear distinction between the historic and modern Mexico City? And if there are, does this distinctions hold up throughout the twentieth century, when what is apparent is a mix of legacies coexisting overtime? This chapter discusses the semiotics of history and modernity. It discusses the struggle of the Mexico City to find its own image including its struggle to preserve historic buildings amidst the differing political alliances that either promote change or preserve the past. However, past is not a single entity, hence if the preservation of the rich history of Mexico is pursued, the question arises as to what periods of history represented in the city are to be favoured in its future development. In this chapter, the focus is on the paradoxes of the Torre Bicentenario and on the pressures to preserve Mexico’s past, the ways they have been juxtaposed against the plans for its future and how the balance of these views has shifted over time. It determines the key actors and the institutions who have embraced history as opposed to progress, identifies the set of forces that dominated in the city’s twentieth-century history, and assesses the long-term implications of the shifting balance for the social, spatial and built environmental character of the city. The chapter ends with a discussion on the current role played by the cultural and historical authorities in determining the fate of the city.

The Colonial City

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. BRADING
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
New Spain ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
Religious Orders ◽  
Clear Vision ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
Political Decisions ◽  
Looking Back

This chapter demonstrates that while Spain had a clear vision of what the conquered Aztec city should be, the city of the conquistadors was relatively short for it was soon transformed by its Creole inhabitants who made their own identity pronounced on its building and culture. For 300 years, the city of Mexico was the capital of viceroyalty. It was the capital of New Spain and was the seat of the metropolitan archbishopric of Mexico. During the first decades of the seventeenth century, a generation of young Creoles entered the secular priesthood and the religious orders. They challenged the predominance of European Spaniards, affirmed their talents and identity, and started looking back to the glorious past the conquistadors had destroyed. However, the development of the city was constrained and limited by the city’s status as the viceregal capital of New Spain. Its status hence meant that the city depended on the political decisions and cultural influences emanating from the Spanish. Out of this tension, a creative process of change emerged in which different ethnic groups and cultures intermingled and conflicted to ensure that the social composition and character of Mexico City would be different from the other cities in Spanish America. However, these changes were not brought without due loss. Due to the conquest and the Old World diseases the Mexico population fell to the near brink of oblivion. These epidemics and natural calamities continued to afflict the city throughout the colonial period.

Out of Tlatelolco’s Ruins: Patronage, Devotion, and Natural Disaster at the Shrine of Our Lady of the Angels, 1745–1781

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Ramírez ◽  
William B. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
City Center ◽  
The Social ◽  
Promotional Efforts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bourbon Reforms ◽  
Disease Epidemics ◽  
The City

Abstract Colonial inhabitants of Mexico City were accustomed to coping with natural disasters, including disease epidemics, droughts, floods, and earthquakes, which menaced rich and poor alike and stirred fervent devotion to miraculous images and their shrines. This article revisits the late colonial history of the shrine of Our Lady of the Angels, an image preserved miraculously on an adobe wall in the Indian quarter of Santiago Tlatelolco. The assumption has been that archiepiscopal authorities aiming to deflect public worship toward a more austere, interior spirituality suppressed activities there after 1745 because they saw the devotion as excessively Indian and Baroque. The shrine has served as a barometer of eighteenth-century Bourbon reforms even though its story has not been fully told. This article explores the politics of patronage in the years after the shrine’s closure and in the decades prior to the arrival on the scene of a new Spanish patron in 1776, revealing that Indian caretakers kept the faith well beyond the official intervention, with some help from well-placed Spanish devotees and officials. The efforts of the new patron, a Spanish tailor from the city center, to renovate the building and image and secure the necessary permissions and privileges helped transform the site into one of the most famous in the capital. Attention to earlier patterns of patronage and to the social response to a series of tremors that coincided with his promotional efforts helps to explain why a devotion so carefully managed for enlightened audiences was nevertheless cut from old cloth.

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