scholarly journals A Neutraceutical by Design: The Clinical Application of Curcumin in Colonic Inflammation and Cancer

Scientifica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Soni ◽  
B. Salh
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Colonic Inflammation ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Drug Levels ◽  
Epigenetic Effects ◽  
Undetectable Plasma ◽  
Surprising Finding

Unquestionably, the natural food additive curcumin, derived from the colorful spice turmeric used in many Asian cuisines, possesses a diverse array of biological activities. These range from its anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and metabolic modifying properties to surprising roles in disorders ranging from Alzheimer's disease to cystic fibrosis. Its effects on growth factor receptors, signaling molecules, and transcription factors, together with its epigenetic effects are widely considered to be extraordinary. These pleiotropic attributes, coupled with its safety even when used orally at well over 10 g/day, are unparalleled amongst pharmacological agents. However, there is one drawback; apart from the luminal gastrointestinal tract where its pharmacology predicts that reasonable drug levels can be attained, its broader use is hampered by its poor solubility and hence near undetectable plasma levels. Medicinal chemistry and nanotechnology have resulted in the generation of compounds where the modified drug or its delivery system has improved matters such that this shortcoming has been addressed to some extent, with the surprising finding that it remains safe to use. It is predicted that either the parental compound or its derivatives may eventually find a place in the therapeutic management protocols of several conditions.

Biological Activities of Carlina Oxide Isolated from the Roots of Carthamus caeruleus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imane Rihab Mami ◽  
Rania Belabbes ◽  
Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽  
Boufeldja Tabti ◽  
Jean Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Background: Carthamus caeruleus belongs to the Asteraceae family. The roots are traditionally used as healing agents. They help to heal burns and treat skin diseases. They are also used against joint inflammation and are very effective against diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome for cancer patients. Objectives: The purpose of this work was i) to study the chemical composition of i) the essential oil and hydrosol extract of Carthamus caeruleus, ii) to isolate the major component of both extracts and iii) to evaluate their antioxidant, antifungal and insecticidal activities. Methods: The essential oil and hydrosol extract obtained from the roots were studied by GC and GC/MS. The antioxidant activities were performed using two different methods i) Radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and ii) the Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), using BHT as a positive control. Whereas, the antifungal activity of the essential oil and Carlina oxide was investigated against plant fungi. The fumigation toxicity of C. caeruleus essential oil besides Carlina oxide was evaluated against adults of Bactrocera oleae better known as the olive fly. Results: The essential oil and hydrosol extract were mainly represented by acetylenic compounds such as carline oxide and 13-methoxy carline oxide. Carlina oxide was isolated and identified by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic means. The results showed that Carlina oxide presented interesting antioxidant and antifungal properties, while C. caeruleus root essential oil had better insecticidal activity. Furthermore, Carlina oxide has demonstrated promising in vivo antifungal activity to control infection of apples by Penicillium expansum. Conclusion: Carlina oxide can be used as a natural food preservative and alternative to chemical fungicides to protect stored apple against Penicillium expansum.

Pharmacological modulation of ion transport across wild-type and ΔF508 CFTR-expressing human bronchial epithelia

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. C461-C479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Devor ◽  
Robert J. Bridges ◽  
Joseph M. Pilewski
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Disulfonic Acid ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Transport Defect

Forskolin, UTP, 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone (1-EBIO), NS004, 8-methoxypsoralen (Methoxsalen; 8-MOP), and genistein were evaluated for their effects on ion transport across primary cultures of human bronchial epithelium (HBE) expressing wild-type (wt HBE) and ΔF508 (ΔF-HBE) cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. In wt HBE, the baseline short-circuit current ( I sc) averaged 27.0 ± 0.6 μA/cm2 ( n = 350). Amiloride reduced this I sc by 13.5 ± 0.5 μA/cm2 ( n = 317). In ΔF-HBE, baseline I sc was 33.8 ± 1.2 μA/cm2 ( n = 200), and amiloride reduced this by 29.6 ± 1.5 μA/cm2 ( n = 116), demonstrating the characteristic hyperabsorption of Na+ associated with cystic fibrosis (CF). In wt HBE, subsequent to amiloride, forskolin induced a sustained, bumetanide-sensitive I sc(Δ I sc = 8.4 ± 0.8 μA/cm2; n = 119). Addition of acetazolamide, 5-( N-ethyl- N-isopropyl)-amiloride, and serosal 4,4′-dinitrostilben-2,2′-disulfonic acid further reduced I sc, suggesting forskolin also stimulates HCO3 − secretion. This was confirmed by ion substitution studies. The forskolin-induced I scwas inhibited by 293B, Ba2+, clofilium, and quinine, whereas charybdotoxin was without effect. In ΔF-HBE the forskolin I sc response was reduced to 1.2 ± 0.3 μA/cm2 ( n = 30). In wt HBE, mucosal UTP induced a transient increase in I sc (Δ I sc = 15.5 ± 1.1 μA/cm2; n = 44) followed by a sustained plateau, whereas in ΔF-HBE the increase in I sc was reduced to 5.8 ± 0.7 μA/cm2 ( n = 13). In wt HBE, 1-EBIO, NS004, 8-MOP, and genistein increased I sc by 11.6 ± 0.9 ( n = 20), 10.8 ± 1.7 ( n = 18), 10.0 ± 1.6 ( n = 5), and 7.9 ± 0.8 μA/cm2( n = 17), respectively. In ΔF-HBE, 1-EBIO, NS004, and 8-MOP failed to stimulate Cl− secretion. However, addition of NS004 subsequent to forskolin induced a sustained Cl−secretory response (2.1 ± 0.3 μA/cm2, n = 21). In ΔF-HBE, genistein alone stimulated Cl− secretion (2.5 ± 0.5 μA/cm2, n = 11). After incubation of ΔF-HBE at 26°C for 24 h, the responses to 1-EBIO, NS004, and genistein were all potentiated. 1-EBIO and genistein increased Na+ absorption across ΔF-HBE, whereas NS004 and 8-MOP had no effect. Finally, Ca2+-, but not cAMP-mediated agonists, stimulated K+ secretion across both wt HBE and ΔF-HBE in a glibenclamide-dependent fashion. Our results demonstrate that pharmacological agents directed at both basolateral K+ and apical Cl− conductances directly modulate Cl−secretion across HBE, indicating they may be useful in ameliorating the ion transport defect associated with CF.

Immobilization of Andean berry (Vaccinium meridionale) polyphenols on nanocellulose isolated from banana residues: A natural food additive with antioxidant properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 503-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Felipe Alzate-Arbeláez ◽  
Eva Dorta ◽  
Camilo López-Alarcón ◽  
Farid B. Cortés ◽  
Benjamín A. Rojano
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Natural Food

Coriander essential oil as natural food additive improves quality and safety of cooked pork sausages with different nitrite levels

Meat Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 107879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Šojić ◽  
Branimir Pavlić ◽  
Predrag Ikonić ◽  
Vladimir Tomović ◽  
Bojana Ikonić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Pork Sausages

scholarly journals Antioxidant and dual dose-dependent antigenotoxic and genotoxic properties of an ethanol extract of propolis

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (55) ◽  
pp. 49806-49816 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cruz ◽  
P. Antunes ◽  
L. Paulo ◽  
A. M. Ferreira ◽  
A. Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Resinous Product ◽  
Potential Use

Propolis is a resinous product made by honeybees from plant-derived materials, with high content of polyphenols associated to beneficial bioactivities with potential use as a natural food additive for preservation and as a functional food ingredient.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Potential Biological Activity of Low Molecular Weight Metabolites of Freshwater Macrophytes with QSAR

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny A. Kurashov ◽  
Elena V. Fedorova ◽  
Julia V. Krylova ◽  
Galina G. Mitrukova
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Freshwater Macrophytes ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Predicted Probability ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Water Plants

The paper focuses on the assessment of the spectrum of biological activities (antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antibacterial) with PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) for the major components of three macrophytes widespread in the Holarctic species of freshwater, emergent macrophyte with floating leaves,Nuphar lutea(L.) Sm., and two species of submergent macrophyte groups,Ceratophyllum demersumL. andPotamogeton obtusifolius(Mert. et Koch), for the discovery of their ecological and pharmacological potential. The predicted probability of anti-inflammatory or antineoplastic activities above 0.8 was observed for twenty compounds. The same compounds were also characterized by high probability of antifungal and antibacterial activity. Six metabolites, namely, hexanal, pentadecanal, tetradecanoic acid, dibutyl phthalate, hexadecanoic acid, and manool, were a part of the major components of all three studied plants, indicating their high ecological significance and a certain universalism in their use by various species of water plants for the implementation of ecological and biochemical functions. This report underlines the role of identified compounds not only as important components in regulation of biochemical and metabolic pathways and processes in aquatic ecological systems, but also as potential pharmacological agents in the fight against different diseases.

scholarly journals Synthesis and biological evaluation of heterocyclic 1,2,4-Triazole scaffolds as promising pharmacological agents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumari ◽  
Sumit Tahlan ◽  
Balasubramanian Narasimhan ◽  
Kalavathy Ramasamy ◽  
Siong Meng Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Hct 116

Abstract Background: Triazole is an important heterocyclic moiety that occupied a unique position in heterocyclic chemistry, due to its large number of biological activities. It exists in two isomeric forms i.e. 1,2,4-triazole and 1,2,3-triazole and used as core molecule for the design and synthesis of many medicinal compounds. 1,2,4-Triazole possess broad spectrum of therapeutically interesting drug candidates such as analgesic, antiseptic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiurease , anti-inflammatory, diuretics, anticancer, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, antimigrain agents.Methods: The structure of all synthesized compounds were characterized by physicochemical properties and spectral means (IR and NMR). The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (B. subtilis), Gram-negative (P. aeruginosa and E. coli) bacterial and fungal (C. albicans and A. niger) strains by tube dilution method using ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin and fluconazole as standards. In-vitro antioxidant and anti-urease screening was done by DPPH assay and indophenol method, respectively. The in-vitro anticancer evaluation was carried out against MCF-7 and HCT116 cancer cell lines using 5-FU and cisplatin as standards.Results, discussion and conclusion: The biological screening results reveal that the compounds T5 (MICBS, EC = 24.7µM, MICPA, CA = 12.3 µM) and T17 (MICAN = 27.1µM) exhibited potent antimicrobial activity as comparable to standards ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin (MICCipro = 18.1µM, MICAmo = 17.1µM) and fluconazole (MICFlu = 20.4µM), respectively. The antioxidant evaluation showed that compounds T2 (IC50 = 34.83 µg/ml) and T3 (IC50 = 34.38 µg/ml) showed significant antioxidant activity and comparable to ascorbic acid (IC50 = 35.44 µg/ml). Compounds T3 (IC50 = 54.01µg/ml) was the most potent urease inhibitor amongst the synthesized compounds and compared to standard thiourea (IC50 = 54.25 µg/ml). The most potent anticancer activity showed by compounds T2 (IC50 = 3.84 μM) and T7 (IC50 = 3.25 μM) against HCT 116 cell lines as compared to standard 5-FU (IC50 = 25.36 μM).

Relationship between Viscosity and Micellization of Fused Chelates of Thiazine Drugs in Different Chemical Compositions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-246
Author(s):  
Neha Mathur ◽  
Biplab Manna ◽  
Arun Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Mixed Solvents ◽  
Micelle Formation ◽  
Surfactant Molecule ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Specific Viscosity ◽  
Complex Molecules ◽  
Pharmacological Agents

Background: Phenothiazines and Triphenodithiazines are included in the class of nitrogen and sulphur donating ligands. They have a wide spectrum of biological activities and form important class of heterocyclic compounds. Both drugs are being used as, antitumors, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anaesthetics, anticancer agents, antimalarials, antimicrobials, anti-cholinergics, growth inhibitors, and many other pharmacological agents. Objective: Present work has been initiated with a view to obtain a profile regarding structural insight of complexes of Cobalt (II), Ni (II) and Zinc (II) soaps derived from substituted phenothiazines 15 and triphenodithiazines using latest technique. It also gives an account of micelle formation in the mixed non aqueous solvents. Methods: The viscosity, specific viscosity, and fluidity of complexes of Co, Ni, and Zn Oleate with substituted phenothiazine and triphenodithiazine in methanol + benzene solvents was determined at a constant temperature of 303.15 K to study the micellar features and critical micelle concentration (CMC). In the present work benzene+ methanol have selected as co solvents due to these interact with complex molecules and thus affected aggregation of complex molecules. Results: The results were used to determine the CMC, soap complex-solvent interactions and the effect of chain length of the surfactant molecule on various parameters. The conclusions concerning solute-solute and solute-solvent interaction were discussed regarding the well-known Moulik’s and Jones-Dole equations. Conclusion: From above results it may be concluded that the micelle formation take place earlier in the case of triphenodithiazine complexes due to larger molecular structure, so a smaller number of molecules are needed to form micelle. Micellization also confirms the existence of complex aggregation in the non-aqueous mixed solvents. To conclude, it can be unveiled on the basis of the result acquired that above study of complexes conforms the presence of complex aggregation in the non - aqueous mixed solvents.

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