scholarly journals CURRENT STATUS OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Indah Purwaningsih ◽  
◽  
Ria Hardiyati ◽  
Muhammad Zulhamdani ◽  
Chichi Shintia Laksani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Research Activities

The development of functional foods requires extensive research and development (R&D) activities for product development, technology development and commercialization. However, it becomes rather a complex issue in developing countries, including Indonesia. This study briefly discusses the status of functional foods R&D in Indonesia by understanding the opportunities and challenges. Employing scientometrics with bibliometric data from Scopus Database from the early retrievable date to October 29, 2018, the study finds out that R&D on functional foods in Indonesia indicates a substantially increasing trend in the last decade. The research activities are mostly conducted by public research institutes (PRIs) and universities in the area of identification of bioactive compounds and their effects on health. They explore the abundant potentially indigenous biodiversity from Indonesia, both land and marine resources. Nonetheless, the R&D activities are still lacking of network and integration between the subject areas. Underdeveloped infrastructure, limited human resources and financial support, costly preparation for the clinical test to satisfy health claims regulation and the gap between academic research and industry have been key issues in Indonesian functional foods R&D. By using innovation system perspectives, this study suggests that public R&D on functional foods demands active collaboration between PRIs, universities and industry as well as the supportive regulation system from policymakers to enhance the development of functional foods in the future.

scholarly journals RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA AND ITS ROLE IN NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS

2002 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
SVETLANA YURIEVNA OGLOBINA ◽  
ANA PAULA FARIA ◽  
CARLOS CABRAL-CARDOSO
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
Effective Contribution

There is now a large body of literature showing that research and development (R&D) activities have a major impact in the economy, leading to increases in productivity, competitiveness and economic growth. Using the concept of national innovation system this paper is an attempt to understand the current status of Russian technological development and the role R&D might play in the transition from a command economy to a free-market economy. Despite the effects of a declining R&D workforce and continuing underfunding of R&D institutions, a considerable R&D potential is still in place. The major barriers for its effective contribution to economic and business recovery are discussed in detail. Some innovation and R&D policy implications at both central and regional levels are also drawn.

The Current Status of Research and Development on Selection and Classification of Enlisted Personnel

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Orlansky ◽  
Frances Grafton ◽  
Clessen J. Martin ◽  
William Alley ◽  
Bruce Bloxom
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Enlisted Personnel

EVALUATING IRANIAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH ACTIVITIES STATUS IN THE GEOSCIENCE DOMAIN BASED ON SCIENTOMETRIC AND GIS APPROACH

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Asli ◽  
◽  
Masoumeh Eghbali ◽  
Narges Ghammai ◽  
Behrooz Rasuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Activities

A Manufacturing Systems Engineering View of IT Research and Development

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-118
Author(s):  
M.W. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Computing Skills ◽  
Information Technologists ◽  
Information Technology Development

This paper presents a manufacturing systems engineering view of important issues relating to IT research and development. It argues for an approach to the next phase of information technology development which is heavily based on real-world applications with the dominant influences held by educated users and engineers who have added computing skills, rather than information technologists. It argues for ‘consolidation’ with particular attention to total systems integration and an emphasis on the need to professionally engineer the human interface.

scholarly journals Immunomodulating Effects of Fungal Beta-Glucans: From Traditional Use to Medicine

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1333
Author(s):  
Hidde P. van Steenwijk ◽  
Aalt Bast ◽  
Alie de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Beta Glucans ◽  
And Function

The importance of a well-functioning and balanced immune system has become more apparent in recent decades. Various elements have however not yet been uncovered as shown, for example, in the uncertainty on immune system responses to COVID-19. Fungal beta-glucans are bioactive molecules with immunomodulating properties. Insights into the effects and function of beta-glucans, which have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries, advances with the help of modern immunological and biotechnological methods. However, it is still unclear into which area beta-glucans fit best: supplements or medicine? This review has highlighted the potential application of fungal beta-glucans in nutrition and medicine, reviewing their formulation, efficacy, safety profile, and immunomodulating effects. The current status of dietary fungal glucans with respect to the European scientific requirements for health claims related to the immune system and defense against pathogens has been reviewed. Comparing the evidence base of the putative health effects of fungal beta-glucan supplements with the published guidance documents by EFSA on substantiating immune stimulation and pathogen defense by food products shows that fungal beta-glucans could play a role in supporting and maintaining health and, thus, can be seen as a good health-promoting substance from food, which could mean that this effect may also be claimed if approved. In addition to these developments related to food uses of beta-glucan-containing supplements, beta-glucans could also hold a novel position in Western medicine as the concept of trained immunity is relatively new and has not been investigated to a large extent. These innovative concepts, together with the emerging success of modern immunological and biotechnological methods, suggest that fungal glucans may play a promising role in both perspectives, and that there are possibilities for traditional medicine to provide an immunological application in both medicine and nutrition.

scholarly journals Identification of Technology Diffusion by Citation and Main Paths Analysis: The Possibility of Measuring Open Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Wei-Hao Su ◽  
Kai-Ying Chen ◽  
Louis Y. Y. Lu ◽  
Ya-Chi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Surgical Navigation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Reference Network ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Development Trajectory ◽  
Historic Development

This study collected literature on augmented reality (AR) from academic and patent databases to plot the historic development trajectory of AR and forecast its future research and development trends. A total of 3193 and 13,629 papers were collected from academic and patent databases, respectively. First, a network was established using references from the academic literature; main path analysis was conducted on this reference network to plot the overall development trajectory. Subsequent cluster and word cloud analyses revealed the following five major groups of AR research topics: AR surgical navigation applications, AR education applications, AR applications in manufacturing, AR applications in architecture, and AR applications in visual tracking. Subsequently, the relationships between the overall development trajectory and the five AR research topics were compared. Next, the title and abstract of AR-related academic and patent papers were subjected to text mining to identify keywords with a high frequency of occurrence. The results can provide a reference for industry, government, and academia when planning future development strategies for the AR field. This research adopted an integrated analysis procedure to plot the trajectory of AR technology development and applications successfully and effectively, predict future patent research and development directions and produce technological forecasts.

scholarly journals Applications of Smart Helmet in Applied Sciences: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5039
Author(s):  
Yosoon Choi ◽  
Yeanjae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modular Concept ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Cloud Servers

A smart helmet is a wearable device that has attracted attention in various fields, especially in applied sciences, where extensive studies have been conducted in the past decade. In this study, the current status and trends of smart helmet research were systematically reviewed. Five research questions were set to investigate the research status of smart helmets according to the year and application field, as well as the trend of smart helmet development in terms of types of sensors, microcontrollers, and wireless communication technology. A total of 103 academic research articles published in the past 11 years (2009–2020) were analyzed to address the research questions. The results showed that the number of smart helmet applications reported in literature has been increasing rapidly since 2018. The applications have focused mostly on ensuring the safety of motorcyclists. A single-board-based modular concept unit, such as the Arduino board, and sensor for monitoring human health have been used the most for developing smart helmets. Approximately 85% of smart helmets have been developed to date using wireless communication technology to transmit data obtained from smart helmets to other smart devices or cloud servers.

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