scholarly journals Reconstituted Nicotiana forms obtained by culturing of protoplast + cytoplast fusion products

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
R. L. Gevorkian ◽  
H. Spangenberg ◽  
Yu. Yu. Gleba
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Products

Combination Therapies Using Metformin and/or Valproic Acid in Prostate Cancer: Possible Mechanistic Interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 368-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linh N.K. Tran ◽  
Ganessan Kichenadasse ◽  
Pamela J. Sykes
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Gene Fusion ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Local Pca ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Fusion Products

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent cancer in men. The evolution from local PCa to castration-resistant PCa, an end-stage of disease, is often associated with changes in genes such as p53, androgen receptor, PTEN, and ETS gene fusion products. Evidence is accumulating that repurposing of metformin (MET) and valproic acid (VPA) either when used alone, or in combination, with another therapy, could potentially play a role in slowing down PCa progression. This review provides an overview of the application of MET and VPA, both alone and in combination with other drugs for PCa treatment, correlates the responses to these drugs with common molecular changes in PCa, and then describes the potential for combined MET and VPA as a systemic therapy for prostate cancer, based on potential interacting mechanisms.

Proposed Solutions to Achieve Nuclear Fusion

Engevista ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1496
Author(s):  
Relly Victoria Virgil Petrescu ◽  
Raffaella Aversa ◽  
Antonio Apicella ◽  
Florian Ion Petrescu
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Nuclear Fission ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Fast Neutrons ◽  
Fusion Reactions ◽  
Nuclear Fusion Reactions ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Fusion Products

Despite research carried out around the world since the 1950s, no industrial application of fusion to energy production has yet succeeded, apart from nuclear weapons with the H-bomb, since this application does not aims at containing and controlling the reaction produced. There are, however, some other less mediated uses, such as neutron generators. The fusion of light nuclei releases enormous amounts of energy from the attraction between the nucleons due to the strong interaction (nuclear binding energy). Fusion it is with nuclear fission one of the two main types of nuclear reactions applied. The mass of the new atom obtained by the fusion is less than the sum of the masses of the two light atoms. In the process of fusion, part of the mass is transformed into energy in its simplest form: heat. This loss is explained by the Einstein known formula E=mc2. Unlike nuclear fission, the fusion products themselves (mainly helium 4) are not radioactive, but when the reaction is used to emit fast neutrons, they can transform the nuclei that capture them into isotopes that some of them can be radioactive. In order to be able to start and to be maintained with the success the nuclear fusion reactions, it is first necessary to know all this reactions very well. This means that it is necessary to know both the main reactions that may take place in a nuclear reactor and their sense and effects. The main aim is to choose and coupling the most convenient reactions, forcing by technical means for their production in the reactor. Taking into account that there are a multitude of possible variants, it is necessary to consider in advance the solutions that we consider them optimal. The paper takes into account both variants of nuclear fusion, and cold and hot. For each variant will be mentioned the minimum necessary specifications.

scholarly journals MODIFICATION OF CHLOROPLAST GENE TRANSMISSION IN SOMATIC FUSION PRODUCTS AND VEGETATIVE ZYGOTES OF CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDI BY 5-FLUORODEOXYURIDINE

Genetics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 99 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 371-381
Author(s):  
Rene F Matagne ◽  
Marie-Paule Hermesse
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Gene ◽  
Maternal Transmission ◽  
Maternal Parent ◽  
Somatic Fusion ◽  
Chloroplast Markers ◽  
Chloroplast Genomes ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Sexual Crosses ◽  
Fusion Products ◽  
Allele Transmission

ABSTRACT Sexual crosses and somatic fusions were performed between complementing wall-less arg- mutant strains bearing chloroplast markers for resistance to antibiotics. The mode of chloroplast allele transmission was investigated in the diploid colonies developed from both vegetative zygotes and fusion products. Before mating or fusion, one or both of the parental strains were grown for 4 or 8 days on agar containing 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR, 0.1 to 1.0 mM), which selectively reduces the amount of chloroplast DNA in Chlamydomonas. When one parent was pregrown on FUdR, the frequency of vegetative zygotes transmitting chloroplast alleles of both parents (biparental or BP zygotes) decreased, the reduction being more drastic when the mt parent was treated. Transmission was mainly uniparental maternal (UPm) or paternal (UPp) depending on whether the mt- or the mt+ parent was pregrown for 8 days in the presence of 1 .OmM FUdR. Treatment of both parents led to a strong maternal transmission. In the experiments involving somatic fusion between parent 1 and parent 2(same or opposite mt), the ratio UP1/UP2, which was approximately equal to 1 in the control, decreased or increased according to whether the cells of parent 1 or 2 were pregrown on FUdR. In parallel, the frequency of BP fusion products always decreased. When both parental strains were treated with FUdR, the frequency of BP fusion products also decreased and the ratio UP,/cTP, was roughly equal to 1. The effect of FUdR can be interpreted in terms of reduction of the input frequencies of parental chloroplast genomes at the time of gametic or somatic cell fusion, the bias in favor of the maternal parent being operational only in sexual crosses.

Terrestrial lidar and hyperspectral data fusion products for geological outcrop analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Buckley ◽  
Tobias H. Kurz ◽  
John A. Howell ◽  
Danilo Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Terrestrial Lidar ◽  
Fusion Products

Rubidium-Strontium-Messungen an Gläsern vom Bosumtwi-Krater und an Elfenbeinküsten-Tektiten

1966 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans J. Lippolt ◽  
Gerald J. Wasserburg
Keyword(s):  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
The Other ◽  
Similar Material ◽  
Isotopic Study ◽  
Fusion Products

A Rb-Sr isotopic study of 5 glasses from the Bosumtwi crater in Ghana and of three Ivory Coast tektites was made. The Sr87/Sr86 ratios for the glasses lie between 0.716 and 0.734 and those for the tektites between 0.721 and 0.726. The ratios of Rb/Sr are between 0.196 and 0.328 for the crater glasses and between 0.197 and 0.287 for the tektites. The Ivory Coast tektites lie in a region of the Sr evolution diagram which is distinctly lower than for the other tektite groups 1. The Bosumtwi glasses define an approximately linear array on the Sr evolution diagram which contains the Ivory Coast tektite points. These results show that the IC tektites are distinctive from other tektite occurences and suggest that the glasses and the tektites may represent fusion products of similar material.

scholarly journals The VP5 Domain of VP4 Can Mediate Attachment of Rotaviruses to Cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selene Zárate ◽  
Rafaela Espinosa ◽  
Pedro Romero ◽  
Ernesto Méndez ◽  
Carlos F. Arias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Binding Assay ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Virus Binding ◽  
Binding Characteristics ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Infectivity Assay ◽  
Fusion Products

ABSTRACT Some animal rotaviruses require the presence of sialic acid (SA) on the cell surface to infect the cell. We have isolated variants of rhesus rotavirus (RRV) whose infectivity no longer depends on SA. Both the SA-dependent and -independent interactions of these viruses with the cell are mediated by the virus spike protein VP4, which is cleaved by trypsin into two domains, VP5 and VP8. In this work we have compared the binding characteristics of wild-type RRV and its variant nar3 to MA104 cells. In a direct nonradioactive binding assay, both viruses bound to the cells in a saturable and specific manner. When neutralizing monoclonal antibodies directed to both the VP8 and VP5 domains of VP4 were used to block virus binding, antibodies to VP8 blocked the cell attachment of wild-type RRV but not that of the variant nar3. Conversely, an antibody to VP5 inhibited the binding of nar3 but not that of RRV. These results suggest that while RRV binds to the cell through VP8, the variant does so through the VP5 domain of VP4. This observation was further sustained by the fact that recombinant VP8 and VP5 proteins, produced in bacteria as fusion products with glutathione S-transferase, were found to bind to MA104 cells in a specific and saturable manner and, when preincubated with the cell, were capable of inhibiting the binding of wild-type and variant viruses, respectively. In addition, the VP5 and VP8 recombinant proteins inhibited the infectivity of nar3 and RRV, respectively, confirming the results obtained in the binding assays. Interestingly, when the infectivity assay was performed on neuraminidase-treated cells, the VP5 fusion protein was also found to inhibit the infectivity of RRV, suggesting that RRV could bind to the cell through two sequential steps mediated by the interaction of VP8 and VP5 with SA-containing and SA-independent cell surface receptors, respectively.

Genetic Engineering with Medicinal Plants: Selection of Fusion Products after Transformation with Dominant Selectable Marker Genes

Planta Medica ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 55 (02) ◽  
pp. 231-231
Author(s):  
G. Lurz ◽  
P. Bachmann ◽  
R. Greinwald ◽  
H. Neuhöfer ◽  
F.-C. Czygan
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Selectable Marker ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Selectable Marker Genes ◽  
Dominant Selectable Marker ◽  
Fusion Products ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals IASI-METOP and MIPAS-ENVISAT data fusion

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ceccherini ◽  
U. Cortesi ◽  
S. Del Bianco ◽  
P. Raspollini ◽  
B. Carli
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Information Gain ◽  
A Priori ◽  
A Priori Information ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Single Instrument ◽  
Fusion Products ◽  
Temporal Coverage

Abstract. The combination of data obtained with different sensors (data fusion) is a powerful technique that can provide target products of the best quality in terms of precision and accuracy, as well as spatial and temporal coverage and resolution. In this paper the results are presented of the data fusion of measurements of ozone vertical profile performed by two space-borne interferometers (IASI on METOP and MIPAS on ENVISAT) using the new measurement-space-solution method. With this method both the loss of information due to interpolation and the propagation of possible biases (caused by a priori information) are avoided. The data fusion products are characterized by means of retrieval errors, information gain, averaging kernels and number of degrees of freedom. The analysis is performed both on simulated and real measurements and the results demonstrate and quantify the improvement of data fusion products with respect to measurements of a single instrument.

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