Emily Brontë and the Enthusiastic Tradition

2009 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Emma Mason
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Emily Bronte ◽  
Woman Writer ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Wuthering Heights ◽  
Edward Young ◽  
Religious Nature

Abstract This essay places Emily Brontë's poetry within a tradition of eighteenth-century discourses on enthusiasm of both a poetical and religious nature. The question of where Brontë's fervent writing style, most often associated with her fiery novel Wuthering Heights, originated has long been debated, and it is suggested here that one available answer is enthusiasm. Two sources of enthusiasm pertinent to Brontë are explored: Methodism, with its dislike of doctrine and pantheistic emphasis on nature; and eighteenth-century poetics, as defined through figures like John Dennis and Edward Young. Religious and poetical enthusiasm are necessarily merged for Brontë, both infused by a kind of spiritual sublimity and dependence on the idea of transport she employed within her verse. Recognizing this allows the reader to historicize this often cryptic poet and thus rescue her from more arguably tenuous claims which deem her a mystic, a Shelleyan heretic, a writer repressed by Christianity, a victim of a tragic romance or simply a very angry woman. By instead locating her within an enthusiastic literary tradition, Brontë may be seen not only as a woman writer aware of her religious environment, but as a Romantic whose poetry accords as much with the sentiment of Night Thoughts as Mont Blanc.

scholarly journals Female Voice in Urdu Poetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 758-767
Author(s):  
Zayana Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Female Voice ◽  
Feminist Movement ◽  
Women Poets ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Poetic Tradition ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Status

This essay aims at understanding the development and struggles of a ‘female voice’ within Urdu poetic tradition through the writings of women poets of the Nineteenth century in contrast to the women poets of the twentieth-century feminist movement. The women in traditional Urdu poetry have remained a silent cruel beloved, the image offered is that of a ‘feckless beloved, endowed with heavenly beauty, reigned: fair to face, doe-eyed, dark hair, tall and willowy, a woman who vacillated from indifference, shyness and modesty to wanton cruelty. The essay is an attempt to understand the level of autonomy of the female voice in the poems of women poets through the years. To portray the development of a feminine expression in Urdu poetry the paper will be ranging from the poems of tawaifs (courtesan) of the eighteenth century like Mah Laqa Chanda, their attempts to acquire a place within the patrilineal Urdu literary tradition; the rekhti tradition where men wrote poems in a female voice, to the twentieth century feminist poets like Kishwar Naheed and Fehmida Riaz. The paper is based on Hakim Fasihuddin Ranj’s anthology ‘Baharistan-i-Naz’ which provides a brief yet important introduction on the status of various tawaif poets within the Urdu literary circle; Rahat Azmi’s Halat-i-Mah Laqa, a biographical work on the life and works of Mah Laqa Bai Chanda; and Rukhsana Ahmad’s ‘We Sinful Women’, a compilation of the original and translated works of feminist women poets of twentieth-century Pakistan. Various secondary sources have been used to understand the dynamics behind the writing style of these poets and how similar terms came to be used for portraying completely distinct themes.

scholarly journals Gothic Reality: A Study of Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Roumaissa Moussaoui
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Emily Bronte ◽  
Gothic Novel ◽  
Wuthering Heights ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Traditional Sense ◽  
Real Essence

Emily Bronte’s novel, Wuthering Heights, is a gothic novel with an innovative stance. Gothic elements permeate the story, but it is not a gothic novel in the traditional sense of the word. The fantastic tales so popular in the eighteenth century alienated the reader by creating phantasmagorical worlds. Emily Bronte, however, grounded her gothic world firmly in reality. Through an analytical approach, the author aims to show, in this article, how Emily Bronte reversed gothic conventions to create a gothic reality whose message is still relevant today. The author will show that her use of the gothic mode was an attempt to capture the real essence of life, anticipating the metaphysical theories of D. H. Lawrence, who wrote at the end of the nineteenth century. By highlighting her innate understanding of human nature , this article will focus on her affinity with Lawrence and the celebration of man’s powerful primal instincts. This article hinges on the premise that she deplored the mechanical restrictions of the society in which she lived. The author aims to show that her Gothicism is, paradoxically, synonymous with a search for life.

scholarly journals Gothic Reality: A Study of Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roumaissa Moussaoui
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Emily Bronte ◽  
Gothic Novel ◽  
Wuthering Heights ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Traditional Sense ◽  
Real Essence

Emily Bronte’s novel, Wuthering Heights, is a gothic novel with an innovative stance. Gothic elements permeate the story, but it is not a gothic novel in the traditional sense of the word. The fantastic tales so popular in the eighteenth century alienated the reader by creating phantasmagorical worlds. Emily Bronte, however, grounded her gothic world firmly in reality. Through an analytical approach, the author aims to show, in this article, how Emily Bronte reversed gothic conventions to create a gothic reality whose message is still relevant today. The author will show that her use of the gothic mode was an attempt to capture the real essence of life, anticipating the metaphysical theories of D. H. Lawrence, who wrote at the end of the nineteenth century. By highlighting her innate understanding of human nature , this article will focus on her affinity with Lawrence and the celebration of man’s powerful primal instincts. This article hinges on the premise that she deplored the mechanical restrictions of the society in which she lived. The author aims to show that her Gothicism is, paradoxically, synonymous with a search for life.

scholarly journals WUTHERING HEIGHTS IN THE FRANCO DICTATORSHIP: ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE TRANSLATION BY EL BACHILLER CANSECO (1947)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pérez Porras
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Emily Bronte ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Wuthering Heights ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Cultural Legacy ◽  
Franco Dictatorship

Wuthering Heights (1847), by Emily Brontë, has been translated into Spanish on more than one hundred occasions. The translation by El Bachiller Canseco (1947) was first published during the Franco dictatorship in an era of censorship in which the translator did not have specific training or any access to specialised monographs. This lack of training has an impact on the resulting target text; the translation did not succeed at transferring Brontë’s cultural legacy. To transfer it correctly, the historical-social context of the work would need to be studied in great detail. In the text, we are witness to the translator’s intervention, something that we can observe in the omissions, errors and examples of interpretative translation, which are non-existent in the original text. El Bachiller Canseco did not appear to know the sources of the original text, nor was he able to establish the line between his facet as a writer and translator. 

scholarly journals Virginia Woolf and some aspects of the Russian novel of the 19th century

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Valčić
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Emily Bronte ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wuthering Heights ◽  
Russian Novel ◽  
The 19Th Century

Tema ovog eseja je bazirana na citatu V. Woolf »The Russian Point of View«, tj. na citatu iz njena eseja, koji otvara jedan interesantan uvid u neke tendencije ruskih i engleskih romanopisaca 19. stoljeća. Engleski novelisti, po V. Woolf, čini se, teže objektivnijem prikazivanju društva, dok su ruski veći individualisti. Da se svi engleski pisci ne mogu klasificirati kao objektivni promatrači društva u kojem žive, potvrđuje Emily Bronte sa svojim romanom Wuthering Heights. Isto tako ruski novelisti 19. stoljeća otvaraju »mogućnosti« modernih interpretacija s tematikama moralnih sukoba koje onda pisci 20. stoljeća (engleski) proširuju na određen način, ili, bolje rečeno, sagledavaju s drugih točaka gledišta i stavljaju u određene okvire. Obrađeni su naročito V. Woolf i D. H. Lawrence, te su povučene neke paralele s Tolstojem i Turgenjevim.

Weak Whites: Yellow Fever in Three Nineteenth-Century Louisiana Novels

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-55
Author(s):  
Robin Anita White
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Woman Writer ◽  
George Washington ◽  
George Washington Cable ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nineteenth Century Novels ◽  
The Voice

Since the eighteenth century, yellow fever has had a racialized history in New Orleans and elsewhere in the Americas stemming, in part, from the disease’s origins in West Africa. There was a misconception that blacks were less likely to fall victim to the disease. This article establishes the theories around contagion and susceptibility, showing that whites, especially foreigners, were thought to be at greater risk for what was called the “Strangers’ Disease.” It then analyzes three nineteenth-century novels about New Orleans wherein yellow fever plays an important role. Two of the novels are quite well known: The Grandissimes: A Story of Creole Life (1880) by George Washington Cable and Chita: A Memory of Last Island (1889) by Lafcadio Hearn. The third novel, Amitié et dévouement, ou Trois mois à la Louisiane (1845) by Camille Lebrun, although virtually forgotten, is especially important as it represents the voice of a French woman writer whose views on race differ from those of the two other authors.

Cultural Bases for Understanding Literature

PMLA ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Margaret Mead
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Farm Laborer ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Anthropological Research ◽  
A Chain

Among the variety of contributions which modern anthropological research might be able to offer to members of this Association, I plan to stress only one, that which anthropological studies of whole cultures can make to those whose task it is to cherish and cultivate the arts, and especially literature, in the contemporary world. Just because we, the anthropologists, specialize in primitive, usually quite small, societies and take as our focus communities of a few hundred people with an oral tradition which can be no more elaborate than the memories of those few, we are able to include within our study many aspects of human experience which the scholar dealing with a period or trend within a complex high civilization accepts on authority or takes for granted. Yet, to the extent that the scholar who works with the eighteenth century in England must so take for granted the economic arrangements of agriculture or the methods of child care in the nursery, he or she is cut off from watching the intimate interplay between the way a farm laborer is paid or a child rebuked and the images of sophisticated literature, within which these experiences of the poor or immature may be represented by a chain of transmuted images or an explicit counterpoint which cuts them off from the developed consciousness of the small literate elite who inherited and cultivated the literary tradition of the past. Short of time, and very often short of materials, historians have only recently thought it worth while to consider the “short and simple annals of the poor” or the life of children who were neither the subjects of later literary elaboration by a Samuel Butler or a Proust, nor had even the dubious claims of a Daisy Ashford.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Mary Jean Corbett
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Woman Writer ◽  
Victorian Culture

This chapter contends Virginia Woolf's critique of selected elder female contemporaries that constitutes part of a lifelong effort to create new norms for the work of the woman writer. It explains how Woolf framed her own persona as responsive to readers, but above the marketplace and invested in literary tradition, but no slave to its conventions. It also considers Woolf's changing relations to philanthropy and suffrage as the two other sites of middle-class Victorian women's emergence into public life, which is mediated by her ongoing antagonism toward their imperialist tenor and coercive absolutism. The chapter challenges the force that Woolf 's constructions still exert by replacing her explicitly period-bound thinking with a more flexible generational framework. It recounts the historically grounded story about Woolf's relationship to some aspects of mid- and late-Victorian culture, which was conceived as something other than monolithic.

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