scholarly journals Les politiques et les pratiques en matière correctionnelle adulte au Québec : 1960-1985

Criminologie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Director General ◽  
Assessment And Evaluation ◽  
Philosophical Basis ◽  
Correctional System ◽  
Policies And Practices

To proceed with an account and evaluation of the policies and practices in adult corrections in Quebec from 1960 to 1985 is to cover the period when the most spectacular reforms took place. The article points out that it is only since 1969 that Quebec has a centralized correctional sector under the authority of a director general. Before this date it was the sheriff who, in each of the territorial divisions in which he worked, assumed all correctional responsibility, by law, without any common philosophical basis. Quebec having proceeded with the construction of its adult correctional system step by step, by means of five year plans, the study of the assessment and evaluation of its policies and practices is divided into five year periods. This method has the advantage of furnishing the reader with a detailed view of the entire ascending progression of the correctional sector from 1960 to 1985, as well as its strengths and weaknesses. Above all, it gives the reader an understanding of the philosophical trends that guided its establishment and describes the principal actors and circumstancial events whereby, in the 1980's, the sector has come to function according to a unity of thought, and in a context of complimentarity with the other agencies of the criminal justice system.

scholarly journals ¿Cómo influye el tamaño del campo de texto en las respuestas a preguntas abiertas? Evidencias de un diseño experimental/The influence of box size on responses to open-ended questions: Results from a split-ballot experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Carmen María León ◽  
Eva Aizpurúa ◽  
David Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Questionnaire Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Visual Design ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

RESUMENEl diseño visual de los cuestionarios puede afectar a la calidad de los datos obtenidos, especialmente cuando se formulan preguntas abiertas donde los encuestados responden con sus propias palabras. En este trabajo se analizan los efectos de manipular el tamaño del espacio proporcionado para la respuesta en un conjunto de preguntas abiertas incluidas en un cuestionario auto-administrado sobre opiniones hacia la administración de justicia en España. Para ello se recurrió a un experimento split-ballot, dividiendo la muestra (N = 100) en dos mitades equivalentes que recibieron dos cuestionarios con el mismo contenido, pero con diferentes tamaños de campo de respuesta (pequeño y grande) en 16 preguntas abiertas. Los resultados muestran que los participantes que recibieron campos de texto grandes escribieron un mayor número de palabras en sus respuestas. Sin embargo, la manipulación en el campo de texto no influyó en 1) el número de temas abordados; ni en 2) el tiempo empleado para cumplimentar los cuestionarios. Sobre la base ABSTRACTThe visual design of questionnaires can affect the quality of the data obtained, especially when asking open-ended questions that respondents answer in their own words. In this paper, we analyze the effects of manipulating the size of the text boxes provided for answers to a set of open-ended questions in a self-administered questionnaire about opinions of the Criminal Justice system in Spain. For this, a split-ballot experiment was conducted dividing the sample (N = 100) into two equivalent halves. One half received questionnaires with small box sizes for the answers to the 16 open-ended questions while the other half received questionnaires with larger box sizes. The content on the questionnaires was the same. The results showed that those participants who received larger text boxes provided longer answers. However, manipulation of the text box did not influence 1) the number of issues addressed; or 2) response times. The results and their implications for questionnaire design are discussed.

Current Issues in the Criminal Justice System

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
David DeMatteo ◽  
Kirk Heilbrun ◽  
Alice Thornewill ◽  
Shelby Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Therapeutic Jurisprudence ◽  
Revolving Door ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recidivism Rates ◽  
System P ◽  
Problem Solving Courts

This chapter provides an introduction to the scope of the problems facing the criminal justice system, with a specific focus on the overrepresentation of mental illness and substance abuse among justice-involved individuals. After discussing the “revolving door” and increased incarceration and recidivism rates among mentally ill and drug-involved offenders, the authors introduce therapeutic jurisprudence and the other foundational principles and common themes of problem-solving courts. This discussion illustrates the paradigm shift away from punishment and toward rehabilitation and increased collaboration among different entities within the criminal justice system. The chapter concludes with a brief review of the contents of the volume.

scholarly journals Diversion, Rights and Social Justice

Youth Justice ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 147322542090284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Young People ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
The Other ◽  
Delinquent Behaviour ◽  
Justice Model ◽  
The One

This article draws on historical understandings and contemporary models of diversion in order to develop a critical framework and agenda for progressive practice. The argument essentially revolves around the contention that typically diversionary interventions have been constrained by the contextual and ideological frames within which they operate. They have in some cases been highly successful in reducing the numbers of young people being drawn into the formal criminal justice system; however, this has largely been achieved pragmatically, by way of an accommodation with the prevailing logic of penal practices. Young people have been diverted at least partly because they have been ascribed a lesser level of responsibility for their actions, whether by virtue of age or other factors to which their delinquent behaviour is attributed. This ultimately sets limits to diversion, on the one hand, and also offers additional legitimacy to the further criminalisation of those who are not successfully ‘diverted’, on the other. By contrast, the article concludes that a ‘social justice’ model of diversion must ground its arguments in principles of children’s rights and the values of inclusion and anti-oppressive practice.

Restitution as a Sanction in Juvenile Court

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Staples
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Tort Law ◽  
The Past ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
Policies And Practices

Over the past decade, restitution has assumed increasing significance as a sanction both in the juvenile and in the criminal justice system. The purpose of this article is to examine the current trend toward utilizing restitution from a critical and historical perspective. Current restitution policies and practices are placed within the context of three major trends in justice: (1) the individualization of the juvenile court; (2) the growing concern with the victims of crime, and (3) the blurring of traditional distinctions between criminal and tort law. Restitution as a sanction is evaluated in the context of these three developments, and the contemporary form of restitution is compared with its historical predecessors.

scholarly journals HAK NARAPIDANA DALAM SISTEM PEMASYARAKATAN DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fransiska Novita Eleanora
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Being ◽  
System P ◽  
Correctional System ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Government

Prisoners are persons who undergoing punishment for committed crimes. According to the verdict, a criminal shall be sentenced in prison. However, the rights of the prisoners are protected by the correctional system, and keep them as human being as a whole. They are rehabilitated, guided, and nurtured which the aims is to make them back to community after the sentencing is finished. From the point of view of human rights, are correctional system was made to protect the rights of criminal, where the criminal remains a priority for the government within the criminal justice system.

25. Criminal justice policies and practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 743-767
Author(s):  
Steve Case ◽  
Phil Johnson ◽  
David Manlow ◽  
Roger Smith ◽  
Kate Williams
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The People ◽  
System P ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Media Corporations ◽  
Policies And Practices

This chapter studies criminal justice policies, practices, and the people who work within the system. It begins by tracing the origins and influences of criminal justice policies. Criminal justice policies predominantly come from the government, but other organisations and individuals such as academics, the media, corporations, and lobbyists can influence them. The motivations behind these policy influencers may vary, but they all share the ultimate aim of ensuring that their preferred strategy is implemented in practice. The chapter then considers the significant impact that ‘penal populism’ can exert on policy, and how government policy is shaping the ways in which the ‘adversarial-lite’ principle is implemented. It assesses use of both of those policies in practice in the courtroom and the community to see how key principles can play out in reality. Finally, the chapter reflects on the effects of all the components upon the people who work in the criminal justice system.

Risk-taking Behaviour in South African Correctional Centres: A Case Study of the Leeuwkop Correctional Centre

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-231
Author(s):  
Willem F.M. Luyt ◽  
Gomolemu M. Moshoeu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
South African ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The South ◽  
Correctional System

Risk-taking behaviour is a global phenomenon that shows increased presence in certain institutional circles. Various forms of risk-taking behaviours are deeply rooted in the South African correctional system and other branches of the criminal justice system. South Africa needs new approaches to deal with matters related to risk-taking behaviour in the criminal justice system (particularly inside correctional centres), for example, HIV infection, inmate rape and a growing problem concerning substance abuse. This investigation looks into risk-taking behaviour behind prison walls. The Leeuwkop correctional complex, a microcosm of the South African correctional system, was chosen for the investigation.

scholarly journals Resettlement after short prison sentences: What might work in England and Wales?

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-339
Author(s):  
Peter Raynor
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Voluntary Basis

One of the advertised aims of the ‘Transforming Rehabilitation’ (TR) reforms in England and Wales was to extend compulsory post-custody supervision to prisoners serving short sentences who were outside the scope of existing resettlement provision. It is now well established that the arrangements introduced by TR for this group of prisoners have not been successful, having delivered high and often unmanageable caseloads, little help to service users and a greatly increased chance of recall to prison. The need which the reforms purported to meet remains unmet. There is little point in poorly designed and delivered provision; on the other hand, resources for the foreseeable future are not likely to support large increases in expenditure when so many parts of the criminal justice system require investment. This article draws on research from the 1990s onwards on provision for this group of prisoners, and in particular, the ‘Pathfinder’ projects of 1999–2003, as examples of what can be achieved on a voluntary basis. It is suggested that future provision for this group in England and Wales should be based on a more selective and individualized provision, with less coercion and more choice for service users.

Reductivism, Retributivism, and the Civil Detention of Dangerous Offenders

Utilitas ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-146
Author(s):  
David Wood
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Harm ◽  
Reduction System ◽  
Dangerous Offenders ◽  
Theories Of Punishment ◽  
The One

The paper examines one objection to the suggestion that, rather than being subjected to extended prison sentences on the one hand, or simply released on the other, dangerous offenders should be in principle liable to some form of civil detention on completion of their normal sentences. This objection raises the spectre of a ‘social harm reduction system’, pursuing various reductivist means outside the criminal justice system. The objection also threatens to undermine dualist theories of punishment, theories which combine reductivist and retributivist considerations. The paper attempts to refute the objection by holding that a wedge can be driven between incapacitation and other reductivist measures, and hints at a possibly new version of dualism in the process.

Do Voting Rights Notification Laws Increase Ex-Felon Turnout?

2013 ◽  
Vol 651 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Meredith ◽  
Michael Morse
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
Correctional System

Previous research documents widespread confusion about who can and cannot vote among people who have come into contact with the criminal justice system. This research, and considerable activism drawing attention to the issue, has spurred a number of state legislatures to pass laws requiring the states to notify ex-felons about their voting rights. The purpose of this article is to better understand the policy processes that produce these notification laws and to assess whether the laws affect ex-felons’ registration and turnout rates. Data on discharges from the correctional system and voter files are merged from three states that have recently passed notification laws: New Mexico, New York, and North Carolina. Our findings show little evidence of an increase in ex-felon registration or turnout after notification laws are implemented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document