scholarly journals Silence Fiction : Rethinking (Under) Representations of the “Feminine” Through Social Cognition

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Szaloky
Keyword(s):  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Mind ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Social Cognitive Theories ◽  
Time Image

ABSTRACT This essay readdresses the issue of the social marginalization of women in light of social cognitive theories of schema- and stereotype-driven perception, reasoning, memory, and behavior. The notions of "fundamental attribution error," "stereotype threat," and "outcome dependency" will help elucidate why women's words and actions have traditionally been construed as less consequential than those of their male peers. Moreover, the essay discusses the benefits of the social cognitive model for film scholarship. It argues that social cognition's comprehensive, micro-level understanding of how our habitual, normative reality is constructed can usefully complement those theories of cinematic defamiliarization that invoke the psychology of the mind (e.g., Deleuze's "time-image").

A chronology of Distributed Adaptive Control

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. M. J. Verschure
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Integration Framework ◽  
The Social ◽  
Distributed Adaptive Control ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Mind And Brain ◽  
Convergent Validation ◽  
The Mind ◽  
And Behavior

This chapter presents the Distributed Adaptive Control (DAC) theory of the mind and brain of living machines. DAC provides an explanatory framework for biological brains and an integration framework for synthetic ones. DAC builds on several themes presented in the handbook: it integrates different perspectives on mind and brain, exemplifies the synthetic method in understanding living machines, answers well-defined constraints faced by living machines, and provides a route for the convergent validation of anatomy, physiology, and behavior in our explanation of biological living machines. DAC addresses the fundamental question of how a living machine can obtain, retain, and express valid knowledge of its world. We look at the core components of DAC, specific benchmarks derived from the engagement with the physical and the social world (the H4W and the H5W problems) in foraging and human–robot interaction tasks. Lastly we address how DAC targets the UTEM benchmark and the relation with contemporary developments in AI.

scholarly journals Career Decision, Work Adjustment, and Person–Job Fit of Adolescents: Moderating Effects of Parental Support

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532199596
Author(s):  
Markus P. Neuenschwander ◽  
Jan Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Parental Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Job Fit ◽  
The Social

We applied the social cognitive model of work satisfaction to the transition from lower secondary education to work in Switzerland and combined career decision and adjustment to work. The model assumes that self-efficacy affects career decision outcomes and adjustment after transition to work. Self-efficacy interacts with parental support during career decision making. We tested the model using a longitudinal sample of 603 adolescents who filled out questionnaires in seventh grade, ninth grade, and 1 year after starting work. Structural equation models showed that parental support weakens the effect of self-efficacy on anticipated person–job fit and expectations of work conditions (moderation). Expectations of work conditions and a company’s support help newcomers to attain a high perceived person–job fit. These findings have several implications on how to support adolescents’ school-to-work transition.

scholarly journals To sext or not to sext. The role of social-cognitive processes in the decision to engage in sexting

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1410-1429
Author(s):  
Claire Wilson ◽  
Tommy van Steen ◽  
Christabel Akinyode ◽  
Zara P. Brodie ◽  
Graham G. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Injunctive Norm ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Insight Into

Technology has given rise to online behaviors such as sexting. It is important that we examine predictors of such behavior in order to understand who is more likely to sext and thus inform intervention aimed at sexting awareness. We used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine sexting beliefs and behavior. Participants (n = 418; 70.3% women) completed questionnaires assessing attitudes (instrumental and affective), subjective norms (injunctive and descriptive), control perceptions (self-efficacy and controllability) and intentions toward sexting. Specific sexting beliefs (fun/carefree beliefs, perceived risks and relational expectations) were also measured and sexting behavior reported. Relationship status, instrumental attitude, injunctive norm, descriptive norm and self-efficacy were associated with sexting intentions. Relationship status, intentions and self-efficacy related to sexting behavior. Results provide insight into the social-cognitive factors related to individuals’ sexting behavior and bring us closer to understanding what beliefs predict the behavior.

Online Behavior of the Social Media Student

2013 ◽  
pp. 161-176
Author(s):  
Alan J. Reid ◽  
Kate Prudchenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Online Behavior ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Social ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Social Cognitive Theories ◽  
Digital Identities

A survey of 100 undergraduates and 30 post-secondary faculty members was conducted in order to examine the current attitudes and perceptions of both groups toward the integration of social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter in education. Results indicate that both parties are willing to incorporate these social media sites into academics but caution that digital identities are not necessarily representative of face-to-face behavior, thus suggesting the need for an awareness of social presence for online interaction between students and faculty. Social cognitive theories are applied to the use of social media as an instructional tool and a set of best practices for implementing social media in academics is proposed.

The Joint Roles of Career Decision Self-Efficacy and Personality Traits in the Prediction of Career Decidedness and Decisional Difficulty

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee T. Penn ◽  
Robert W. Lent
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Career Decision Making ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Cognitive Model

We examined the differential roles that career decision-making self-efficacy and the Big Five traits of neuroticism, extroversion, and conscientiousness may play in relation to career decision status and decisional difficulty. Following assumptions of the social cognitive model of career self-management, we hypothesized that the relations of the personality traits to level of decidedness and choice/commitment anxiety (CCA), a key source of indecision, would be mediated by self-efficacy. We also examined the possibility that the traits could function to moderate the relation of self-efficacy to the dependent variables. Employing a sample of 182 undergraduates, we found support for a mediational model in which each of the personality traits relates to self-efficacy which, in turn, predicts CCA and decidedness. In addition, conscientiousness was found to moderate the relation of career decision-making self-efficacy to CCA, and extroversion moderated the relation of self-efficacy to decidedness. We consider the findings in relation to the social cognitive model and discuss their implications for future research and career decision-making interventions.

Starting up or Starting Over: The Role of Intentions to Increase and Maintain the Behavior of Exercise Initiates

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia I. Milne ◽  
Wendy M. Rodgers ◽  
Craig R. Hall ◽  
Philip M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Behavior Interventions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Exercise Imagery ◽  
Social Cognitive Theories ◽  
The Relationship

Across various social cognitive theories, behavioral intention is broadly argued to be the most proximal and important predictor of behavior (Ajzen, 1991; Gibbons, Gerrard, Blanton, & Russell, 1998; Rogers, 1983). It seems probable that an intention to increase behavior might be differentially determined from an intention to maintain behavior. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to examine (1) the change in two types of behavioral intention over time and (2) the relationship between intention and the social-cognitive factor mental imagery. Behavioral intention, exercise imagery, and observed exercise behavior was measured in 68 exercise initiates participating in a 12-week exercise program. Results revealed that behavioral intention to increase exercise behavior decreased over the exercise program, whereas intentions to maintain exercise behavior increased. Appearance and technique imagery were found to be significant predictors of intention to increase behavior during the first 6 weeks of the program, and only appearance imagery predicted intention to maintain exercise behavior during the last 6 weeks. These findings suggest that the two types of behavioral intention are distinguishable and may be useful targets for exercise behavior interventions.

The Social-Cognitive Model of Transference

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Andersen ◽  
Michele S. Berk
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Cognitive Model
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