scholarly journals Adicción al Juego: ¿Mito o Realidad? Evidencias científicas sobre el trastorno de juego

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Mestre-Bach ◽  
Eduardo Valenciano-Mendoza ◽  
Bernat Mora-Maltas ◽  
Fernando Fernández-Aranda ◽  
Susana Jiménez-Murcia
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Area Of Study

Interest in gambling disorder, formerly known as pathological gambling, has been growing in both the clinical and scientific community. The increase in empirical evidence concerning gambling disorder has allowed for a better understanding of the pathology, as well as the identification of common comorbidities and the design of potential therapeutic options. The present review addresses all these issues, including recent findings in this area of study.

scholarly journals The Role of Accumbal Hypoactivity in Cocaine Addiction.

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 22-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Peoples ◽  
A. V. Kravitz ◽  
K. Guillem
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Cocaine Addiction ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Firing Patterns ◽  
Motivated Behaviors

Cocaine-induced hypoactivity of the nucleus accumbens (NAC) is hypothesized to contribute to cocaine addiction. There are two important questions related to this hypothesis. First, cocaine addiction is characterized by an increase in drug-directed behavior and a simultaneous weakening of other motivated behaviors. However, the NAC contributes to both drug- and nondrug-directed behavior. Moreover, the nature of the contributions is similar and associated predominantly with excitatory phasic firing patterns. Given these observations it is not clear how hypoactivity of NAC neurons might contribute to the behaviors that characterize cocaine addiction. Second, various types of investigations have documented neurochemical and molecular adaptations that could underlie NAC hypoactivity. However, there is also evidence of other adaptations in the NAC, and in NAC afferents, which are expected to have an excitatory influence on NAC neural activity. In the present review we will briefly overview these issues. We will also describe a hypothesis, and related empirical evidence, that may contribute to answering these questions. Further investigation of the issues and the hypothesis may contribute to a better understanding of the neuroadaptations that contribute to cocaine addiction.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Treatment: Current Therapeutic Options and the Pursuit of Tailored Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7457
Author(s):  
Gianmarco Marcianò ◽  
Roberta Roberti ◽  
Caterina Palleria ◽  
Davida Mirra ◽  
Vincenzo Rania ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Toxicity ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Tailored Therapy ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
One Year ◽  
New Compounds

One year on from the worldwide outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), medicine has made several steps towards increasing the therapeutic options against its treatment. Despite the lack of specific therapies, international societies have introduced new guidelines and launched several trials to test the efficacy of new protocols and drugs. Drug repurposing has been a fundamental strategy to find quick ways to fight the pathogen, even if it is new compounds that are drawing the attention of the scientific community. Tailored therapy should be considered to be a milestone in treatment in order to increase drug efficacy and to reduce drug toxicity. Therefore, both drug characteristics (i.e., pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and safety) and the patient characteristics (i.e., stage of disease, comorbidity, concomitant treatments and the mutation of single nucleotides) could represent the key to achieving this objective. In the present study we performed a narrative review of the pharmacological treatment used to date in the management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

scholarly journals Keratoconus: Clinical Associations and Treatment Options

2008 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Simard ◽  
Claude Giasson
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Longitudinal Evaluation ◽  
Clinical Associations ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Irregular Astigmatism

The focus of the present review of literature is keratoconus, a progressive thinning of the cornea. Because keratoconus usually induces irregular astigmatism, the most affected patients experience a decreased visual acuity that limits the correction using ophthalmic lenses. The CLEK (Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus) is a study carried out in several centers with the aim of describing the evolution and associations between the visual and physiological manifestations of keratoconus. Since the treatment of keratoconus varies according to its severity, this paper proposes a summary of the results of the CLEK and a review of the therapeutic options.

scholarly journals Distinctive Features of the African-American Family: Debunking the Myth of the Deficit Model

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Briscoe
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Social System ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
African American Family ◽  
American Family ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Deficit Model ◽  
Distinctive Features

Throughout the 1900's, social scientists have debated the question of whether the African American family is an adaptative social system or whether it is pathological, perpetuating its poverty over the generations. This article examines the holistic perspective as the preeminent comprehensive approach in studying the African American family and provides empirical evidence of distinctive features of the African American family in support of the adaptation argument. The adaptation/deficit debate will probably continue as long as the scientific community fails to fully acknowledge and make the most of theoretical constructs that are holistic in principle and design.

scholarly journals A Revision of the Relationship between Gambling Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Parkinson´s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 89-107
Author(s):  
Gabriel C. Quintero-Garzola
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Gambling Problem ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: For the present review, publications in the field of gambling disorder that deal with its relationships with others, mainly attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) were consulted.Methods: The current revision includes a total of 63 references published between 1987 and 2017. It included human stud­ies and revisions regarding the comorbidity of gambling disorder with ADHD or PD. The search terms included: gambling disorder, gambling disorder comorbidity, gambling disorder and adhd, gambling disor­der and pd, gambling disorder and impulsivity. The present review fo­cused on the link among gambling disorder and ADHD or PD, because there were a large number of publications related to these disorders. For organization purpose the current work was split into two main parts: 1) Revision of previous scientific reviews about gambling dis­order, and 2) Overview and conclusions of experimental work about gambling disorder.Conclusions: The principal conclusions of the cur­rent review are: 1) subjects with a gambling disorder have a higher in­cidence of ADHD(and also of attention deficit disorder [ADD]), 2) the presence of ADHD in subjects that suffer of gambling disorder implies more challenges for the health care system, and 3) PD treatments that increase the agonism of dopamine type of receptor are related to an elevated probability for developing a gambling problem or an impulse control disorder.

Evaluation of pulmonary arterial stiffness using routine clinical imaging methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (49) ◽  
pp. 1931-1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Nemes ◽  
Tamás Forster
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Clinical Imaging ◽  
Imaging Methods ◽  
Routine Clinical Imaging ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Recently, there has been much debate about pulmonary hypertension due to modern therapeutic options available. Arterial hypertension is frequently associated with stiffening of a given artery. The aim of the present review is to present clinical imaging methods for the evaluation of the function and stiffness of the pulmonary artery. Orv. Hetil., 154(49), 1931–1933.

Racial/Ethnic Variation in the Reliability of DSM-IV Pathological Gambling Disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 195 (7) ◽  
pp. 551-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee M. Cunningham-Williams ◽  
Emily L. Ostmann ◽  
Edward L. Spitznagel ◽  
Samantha J. Books
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Ethnic Variation ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Racial Ethnic
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