scholarly journals The influence of Arctic air masses on climatic conditions of the snow accumulation period in the center of the European territory of Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Julia Nikolaevna Chizhova
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
The North ◽  
The Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
The Relationship

The subject of this article is exmination of the influence of the Arctic air flow on the climatic conditions of the winter period in the center of the European territory of Russia (Moscow). In recent years, the question of the relationship between regional climatic conditions and such global circulation patterns as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Arctic Oscillation (AK) has become increasingly important. Based on the data of long-term observations of temperature and precipitation, the relationship with the AK and NAO was considered. For the winter months of the period 2014-2018, the back trajectories of the movement of air masses were computed for each date of precipitation to identify the sources of precipitation. The amount of winter precipitation that forms the snow cover of Moscow has no connection with either the North Atlantic Oscillation or the Arctic Oscillation. The Moscow region is located at the intersection of the zones of influence of positive and negative phases of both cyclonic patterns (AK and NAO), which determine the weather in the Northern Hemisphere. For the winter months, a correlation between the surface air temperature and NAO (r = 0.72) and AK (r = 0.66) was established. Winter precipitation in the center of the European territory of Russiais mainly associated with the unloading of Atlantic air masses. Arctic air masses relatively rarely invade Moscow region and bring little precipitation (their contribution does not exceed 12% of the total winter precipitation).

The North Atlantic Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation favour harmful algal blooms in SW Europe

Harmful Algae ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
José C. Báez ◽  
Raimundo Real ◽  
Victoria López-Rodas ◽  
Eduardo Costas ◽  
A. Enrique Salvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

scholarly journals Combined Effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation on Sea Surface Temperature in the Alborán Sea

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e62201 ◽  
Author(s):  
José C. Báez ◽  
Luis Gimeno ◽  
Moncho Gómez-Gesteira ◽  
Francisco Ferri-Yáñez ◽  
Raimundo Real
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

scholarly journals Reconsideration of the True versus Apparent Arctic Oscillation

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 2047-2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisanori Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The physical reality of the Arctic Oscillation (AO; or northern annular mode) is considered. The data used are mainly the monthly mean sea level pressure (SLP). A schematic figure is first presented to illustrate the relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)–Pacific–North American Oscillation (PNA) system and the AO–negative correlation mode between the Atlantic and the Pacific (AO–NCM) system. Although the NAO–PNA (apparent AO–NCM) and true AO–NCM systems give rise to the same EOFs, the probability density functions for the time coefficients of the two leading modes are different. Therefore, the discrimination of the two systems is possible. Several pieces of evidence indicate that, in the real world, the NAO–PNA and the AO–NCM are located on almost the same plane in phase space. This means that the NAO–PNA and AO–NCM systems have the same variations on the plane in common, implying that when the NAO–PNA system is real, the AO–NCM is unlikely to be real. Simple independent component analysis is carried out to distinguish between the true and apparent AO–NCM systems, indicating that the NAO and PNA are independent oscillations, that is, true ones. The analysis is extended to the winter mean SLP field, for which the EOF shows the NAO–PNA but not the AO–NCM. This may be due to the fact that the winter mean NAO and PNA patterns have little spatial correlation. Calculations using randomly selected samples also indicate that when the NAO and PNA patterns have little spatial correlation, the AO never appears as EOF1. All the preceding results show that almost all characteristics of the AO–NCM can be explained from those of the NAO–PNA. Hence it is concluded that the AO, which is extracted by EOF analysis from the temporarily independent but spatially overlapping variations of the NAO and PNA, is almost apparent.

scholarly journals The Nature of the Arctic Oscillation and Diversity of the Extreme Surface Weather Anomalies It Generates

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (14) ◽  
pp. 5563-5584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panxi Dai ◽  
Benkui Tan
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Surface Weather ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The North Pacific

Through a cluster analysis of daily NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data, this study demonstrates that the Arctic Oscillation (AO), defined as the leading empirical orthogonal function (EOF) of 250-hPa geopotential height anomalies, is not a unique pattern but a continuum that can be well approximated by five discrete, representative AO-like patterns. These AO-like patterns grow simultaneously from disturbances in the North Pacific, the North Atlantic, and the Arctic, and both the feedback from the high-frequency eddies in the North Pacific and North Atlantic and propagation of the low-frequency wave trains from the North Pacific across North America into the North Atlantic play important roles in the pattern formation. Furthermore, it is shown that the structures and frequencies of occurrence of the five AO-like patterns are significantly modulated by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Warm (cold) ENSO enhances the negative (positive) AO phase, compared with ENSO neutral winters. Finally, the surface weather effects of these AO-like patterns and their implications for the AO-related weather prediction and the AO-North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) relationship are discussed.

scholarly journals Predictability Associated with Nonlinear Regimes in an Atmospheric Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1137-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Peters ◽  
Sergey Kravtsov ◽  
Nicholas T. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Spreading Rates ◽  
The Arctic Oscillation ◽  
Non Gaussian ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Atmospheric regimes are midlatitude flow patterns that persist for periods of time exceeding a few days. Here, the authors analyzed the output of an idealized atmospheric model (QG3) to examine the relationship between regimes and predictability. The regimes were defined as the regions of the QG3 phase subspace characterized by excess persistence probability relative to a benchmark linear empirical model (EMR) for geographically two-dimensional and then zonally averaged flow patterns. The regimes identified correspond to the opposite phases of the Arctic Oscillation (AO+ and AO−) and to a more regional pattern reflecting the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO+). For all of these phase-space regime regions, the leading modes of the QG3 state vector decay to climatology at a slower rate than predicted by the EMR, which contributes to the maintenance of non-Gaussian regime anomalies. Predictable regimes are connected to “regime precursor” regions of the phase space, from which trajectories flow into regime regions following mean phase-space velocities. Packets of trajectories originating from these regions are characterized by anomalously low spreading rates due to a combination of low local stochastic diffusivity and convergence of the nonlinear component of mean phase-space velocities along the trajectory pathways. While unpredictable regimes do have precursor regions, trajectories emanating from these regions are characterized by relatively high spreading rates. The predictable regimes AO+ and AO− are insensitive to the metric used to identify the regimes; however, the unpredictable regime NAO+ in the 2D space is not directly associated with its zonal-metric counterpart.

A breakdown of the link between the Arctic and North Atlantic Oscillations in warm climate projections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Hamouda ◽  
Claudia Pasquero ◽  
Eli Tziperman
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Modes Of Variability ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

<table><tbody><tr><td>The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Arctic Oscillation (AO) are climate variability modes significantly affecting temperature and precipitation variability in the mid-latitudes of the Northern hemisphere. In this study, we use both reanalysis data and model historical and warmer climate simulations to show that the relation between the two oscillations may change dramatically in a different climate. In the current climate, these two climate modes are highly correlated, as they are both strongly influenced by downward propagation of stratospheric anomalies into the troposphere. When considering a warmer climate scenario (RCP8.5 in the XXIII century), the correlation between NAO and AO drops significantly, revealing that they become two separate modes of variability. The stratosphere remains an important precursor for NAO, while the AO consistently precede stratospheric anomalies. The analysis suggests that these changes are owed to land-sea thermal contrast intensification in the Pacific region, which becomes more favorable for storm variability.</td> </tr></tbody></table>

Arctic salinity anomalies and their link to the North Atlantic during a positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Noelle Houssais ◽  
Christophe Herbaut ◽  
Pawel Schlichtholz ◽  
Clément Rousset
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Positive Phase ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Arctic Oscillation

scholarly journals Temporal Variability in the Expression of the Arctic Oscillation in the North Pacific

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 3110-3126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxu Zhao ◽  
G. W. K. Moore
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
The Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract Although the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) have been identified as important modes of climate variability during the Northern Hemisphere (NH) winter, whether the AO or the NAO is more fundamental to the description of this variability, especially in the North Pacific, is still an open question. An important contributor to this uncertainty is the lack of knowledge of the low-frequency linkages between the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans. This paper explores the linkage between the two oceanic basins on interdecadal time scales using the sea level pressure (SLP) field during the twentieth century. In particular, it is shown that the winter mean SLP in the North Pacific was positively correlated with the sign of the NAO during the periods of 1925–50 and 1980–98, which resulted in the classical AO pattern being the dominant mode in the NH. In contrast, during the period of 1951–79, the winter mean SLP in the two basins was decoupled, resulting in a dominant mode that more closely resembled the NAO. Using paleoclimate reconstructions, it is also shown that this interdecadal variability in the North Pacific climate began around 1850, which is nominally considered to be the end of the Little Ice Age.

scholarly journals The north atlantic oscillation and winter precipitation totals in Slovakia

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Labudová Lívia ◽  
Pavel Šťastný ◽  
Milan Trizna
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Abstract The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is the most important circulation phenomenon in the Northern Atlantic which impacts climate in Europe in various ways. Precipitation is a basic climatic element which affects the landscape significantly. Therefore in this paper, the relationship between the NAO and winter precipitation in Slovakia is analysed. A Spearman’s correlation analysis was used, which detected the impacts of NAO on the above-mentioned seasonal precipitation in different regions of Slovakia. The correlation coefficients obtained positive values in the region of Orava and Kysuce and changed to negative ones in a southward direction. The detected zonal configuration can be explained by the topographic barrier effect of the Carpathians

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