scholarly journals Genetic diversity of pomegranate germplasm collection from Spain determined by fruit, seed, leaf and flower characteristics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan José Martínez ◽  
Pablo Melgarejo ◽  
Pilar Legua ◽  
Francisco García ◽  
Francisca Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Improvement Programs

Background . Miguel Hernandez University ( Spain ) created a germplasm bank of the varieties of pomegranate from different Southeastern Spain localities in order to preserve the crop’s wide genetic diversity. Once this collection was established, the next step was to characterize the phenotype of these varieties to determine the phenotypic variability that existed among all the different pomegranate genotypes, and to understand the degree of polymorphism of the morphometric characteristics among varieties. Methods. Fifty-three pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) accessions were studied in order to determine their degree of polymorphism and to detect similarities in their genotypes. Thirty-one morphometric characteristics were measured in fruits, arils, seeds, leaves and flowers, as well as juice characteristics including content, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids and maturity index. ANOVA, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis showed that there was a considerable phenotypic diversity (and presumably genetic). Results. The cluster analysis produced a dendrogram with four main clusters. The dissimilarity level ranged from 1 to 25, indicating that there were varieties that were either very similar or very different from each other, with varieties from the same geographical areas being more closely related. Within each varietal group, different degrees of similarity were found, although there were no accessions that were identical. These results highlight the crop’s great genetic diversity, which can be explained not only by their different geographical origins, but also to the fact that these are native plants that have not come from genetic improvement programs. The geographic origin could be, in the cases where no exchanges of plant material took place, a key criterion for cultivar clustering. Conclusions. As a result of the present study, we can conclude that among all the parameters analyzed, those related to fruit and seed size as well as the juice’s acidity and pH had the highest power of discrimination, and were, therefore, the most useful for genetic characterization of this pomegranate germplasm banks. This is opposed to leaf and flower characteristics, which had a low power of discrimination. This germplasm bank, more specifically, was characterized by its considerable phenotypic (and presumably genetic) diversity among pomegranate accessions, with a greater proximity existing among the varieties from the same geographical area, suggesting that over time, there had not been an exchange of plant material among the different cultivation areas. In summary, knowledge on the extent of the genetic diversity of the collection is essential for germplasm management. In this study, these data may help in developing strategies for pomegranate germplasm management and may allow for more efficient use of this germplasm in future breeding programs for this species.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of pomegranate germplasm collection from Spain determined by fruit, seed, leaf and flower characteristics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan José Martínez ◽  
Pablo Melgarejo ◽  
Pilar Legua ◽  
Francisco García ◽  
Francisca Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Improvement Programs

Background . Miguel Hernandez University ( Spain ) created a germplasm bank of the varieties of pomegranate from different Southeastern Spain localities in order to preserve the crop’s wide genetic diversity. Once this collection was established, the next step was to characterize the phenotype of these varieties to determine the phenotypic variability that existed among all the different pomegranate genotypes, and to understand the degree of polymorphism of the morphometric characteristics among varieties. Methods. Fifty-three pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) accessions were studied in order to determine their degree of polymorphism and to detect similarities in their genotypes. Thirty-one morphometric characteristics were measured in fruits, arils, seeds, leaves and flowers, as well as juice characteristics including content, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids and maturity index. ANOVA, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis showed that there was a considerable phenotypic diversity (and presumably genetic). Results. The cluster analysis produced a dendrogram with four main clusters. The dissimilarity level ranged from 1 to 25, indicating that there were varieties that were either very similar or very different from each other, with varieties from the same geographical areas being more closely related. Within each varietal group, different degrees of similarity were found, although there were no accessions that were identical. These results highlight the crop’s great genetic diversity, which can be explained not only by their different geographical origins, but also to the fact that these are native plants that have not come from genetic improvement programs. The geographic origin could be, in the cases where no exchanges of plant material took place, a key criterion for cultivar clustering. Conclusions. As a result of the present study, we can conclude that among all the parameters analyzed, those related to fruit and seed size as well as the juice’s acidity and pH had the highest power of discrimination, and were, therefore, the most useful for genetic characterization of this pomegranate germplasm banks. This is opposed to leaf and flower characteristics, which had a low power of discrimination. This germplasm bank, more specifically, was characterized by its considerable phenotypic (and presumably genetic) diversity among pomegranate accessions, with a greater proximity existing among the varieties from the same geographical area, suggesting that over time, there had not been an exchange of plant material among the different cultivation areas. In summary, knowledge on the extent of the genetic diversity of the collection is essential for germplasm management. In this study, these data may help in developing strategies for pomegranate germplasm management and may allow for more efficient use of this germplasm in future breeding programs for this species.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of pomegranate germplasm collection from Spain determined by fruit, seed, leaf and flower characteristics

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan J. Martinez-Nicolas ◽  
Pablo Melgarejo ◽  
Pilar Legua ◽  
Francisco Garcia-Sanchez ◽  
Francisca Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Improvement Programs

Background.Miguel Hernandez University (Spain) created a germplasm bank of the varieties of pomegranate from different Southeastern Spain localities in order to preserve the crop’s wide genetic diversity. Once this collection was established, the next step was to characterize the phenotype of these varieties to determine the phenotypic variability that existed among all the different pomegranate genotypes, and to understand the degree of polymorphism of the morphometric characteristics among varieties.Methods.Fifty-three pomegranate (Punica granatumL.) accessions were studied in order to determine their degree of polymorphism and to detect similarities in their genotypes. Thirty-one morphometric characteristics were measured in fruits, arils, seeds, leaves and flowers, as well as juice characteristics including content, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids and maturity index. ANOVA, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis showed that there was a considerable phenotypic diversity (and presumably genetic).Results.The cluster analysis produced a dendrogram with four main clusters. The dissimilarity level ranged from 1 to 25, indicating that there were varieties that were either very similar or very different from each other, with varieties from the same geographical areas being more closely related. Within each varietal group, different degrees of similarity were found, although there were no accessions that were identical. These results highlight the crop’s great genetic diversity, which can be explained not only by their different geographical origins, but also to the fact that these are native plants that have not come from genetic improvement programs. The geographic origin could be, in the cases where no exchanges of plant material took place, a key criterion for cultivar clustering.Conclusions.As a result of the present study, we can conclude that among all the parameters analyzed, those related to fruit and seed size as well as the juice’s acidity and pH had the highest power of discrimination, and were, therefore, the most useful for genetic characterization of this pomegranate germplasm banks. This is opposed to leaf and flower characteristics, which had a low power of discrimination. This germplasm bank, more specifically, was characterized by its considerable phenotypic (and presumably genetic) diversity among pomegranate accessions, with a greater proximity existing among the varieties from the same geographical area, suggesting that over time, there had not been an exchange of plant material among the different cultivation areas. In summary, knowledge on the extent of the genetic diversity of the collection is essential for germplasm management. In this study, these data may help in developing strategies for pomegranate germplasm management and may allow for more efficient use of this germplasm in future breeding programs for this species.

Genetic diversity in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) germplasm revealed by RAPD markers

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
H I Amadou ◽  
P J Bebeli ◽  
P J Kaltsikes
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Tropical Agriculture ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess genetic diversity in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) germplasm using 25 African accessions from the collection in the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria. Fifty random decamer primers were screened to assess their ability to detect polymorphism in bambara; 17 of them were selected for this study. Considerable genetic diversity was found among the V. subterranea accessions studied. The relationships among the 25 accessions were studied by cluster analysis. The dendrograms showed two main groups of accessions mainly along the lines of their geographic origin. It is concluded that RAPD can be used for germplasm classification in bambara groundnut and hence for improving this crop.Key words: germplasm, PCR, RAPD, Vigna subterranea.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in common bean accessions evaluated by means of morpho-agronomical and RAPD data

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisson Fernando Chiorato ◽  
Sérgio Augusto Morais Carbonell ◽  
Luciana Lasry Benchimol ◽  
Marilia Barbosa Chiavegato ◽  
Luiz Antonio dos Santos Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Improved Cultivars ◽  
Germplasm Banks

Germplasm banks store genotype samples, improved varieties, landraces and wild species, all generically denominated accessions. The importance of characterizing germplasm banks is based on the identification and knowledge of relevant traits for genetic improvement and ex situ germplasm conservation. Thus, the present study had as aim the evaluation of the genetic diversity among 220 accessions of a Brazilian common bean germplasm bank of the "Instituto Agronômico de Campinas" (IAC) by means of 23 morpho-agronomical descriptors and 19 RAPD loci. These accessions correspond to genotypes from the Andean and Middle American gene pool as well as from cultivars derived from common bean improvement programs. The Middle American accessions and the improved cultivars were clustered into one group, distinct from the one formed by the Andean accessions. In relation to the molecular data, 47% of the genetic similarity was detected among the Middle American accessions, and similar results were observed for the improved cultivars (50%). The Andean accessions revealed 60% of genetic similarity. The cluster constituted by the improved cultivars and the Middle American genotypes differed, basically, in tegument color. Both molecular and morpho-agronomical data sets were equally effective to quantify and organize the genetic diversity of common bean accessions. This information may be useful to direct crosses and for the proper organization of the IAC germplasm bank.

scholarly journals Regional Polymorphism Assessment of Myanmar ‘Sein Ta Lone’ Mango (Mangifera indica Linn) from Sintgaing Township Based on Microsatellite Markers

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
May Sandar Kyaing ◽  
Sein Sandar May Phyo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of

This study was conducted to explore the genetic diversity and relationship of Sein Ta Lone mango cultivars among 20 commercial orchards in Sintgaing Township, Mandalay region. Nine microsatellite (SSR) markers were used to detect genetic polymorphism in a range from (3 to 6) alleles with (4.33) alleles per marker in average. Six out of nine microsatellite markers gave the PIC values of greater than (0.5). Among them, SSR36 held the highest PIC values of (0.691) while MiSHRS39 and MN85 possessed the least PIC values of (0.368) and (0.387) respectively. The genetic diversity was expressed as unbiased expected heterozygosity (UHe) value with an average of (0.561). The genetic relationship was revealed by (UPGMA) dendrogram in a range of (0.69 to 1.00). Based on UPGMA cluster analysis, three main clusters were classified among three different locations. This study was intended to help cultivar characterization and conservation for proper germplasm management with the estimation of genetic variation and relationship in the existing population of Sein Ta Lone mangoes in Sintgaing Township by microsatellite markers.  

scholarly journals Characterization of Lebanese Germplasm of Snake Melon (Cucumis melo subsp. melo var. flexuosus) Using Morphological Traits and SSR Markers

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1293
Author(s):  
Joe Merheb ◽  
Magdalena Pawełkowicz ◽  
Ferdinando Branca ◽  
Hanna Bolibok-Brągoszewska ◽  
Agnieszka Skarzyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Improvement Programs

Snake melon (Cucumis melo subsp. melo L. var. flexuosus (L.) Naudin) is an ancient and traditional crop in the Mediterranean region. Nevertheless, there has been poor interest in assessing snake melon germplasm where its genetic resources have not been surveyed before despite their potential in adaptation to environmental changes. In this study, we assess the genetic diversity of snake melon landraces collected from different Lebanese regions at both morphological and molecular levels. Morphological characterization using a set of 18 descriptors revealed an important phenotypic variability among the landraces studied. Principle component analysis indicated that fruit hair and its consistency, fruit size, and skin color pattern were good criteria for discriminating among landraces. Based on the scatter plot diagram, landraces of snake melon formed five different groups with one being defined as typical var. flexuosus. Ten simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used for the molecular characterization. Fifty-six different alleles were detected, with an average of 5.6 alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content of SSR markers ranged from 0.06 to 0.84 (average 0.38). Cluster analysis based on molecular markers showed high genetic diversity and divided the landraces into five distinct genetic groups, confirming thereby the morphological variability. Findings of this study indicate a significant diversity for the Lebanese snake melon germplasm that must be further conserved and considered in improvement programs of this ancient crop.

Simple sequence repeat diversity in diploid and tetraploid Coffea species

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Moncada ◽  
Susan McCouch
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
East African ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Simple Sequence

Thirty-four fluorescently labeled microsatellite markers were used to assess genetic diversity in a set of 30 Coffea accessions from the CENICAFE germplasm bank in Colombia. The plant material included one sample per accession of seven East African accessions representing five diploid species and 23 wild and cultivated tetraploid accessions of Coffea arabica from Africa, Indonesia, and South America. More allelic diversity was detected among the five diploid species than among the 23 tetraploid genotypes. The diploid species averaged 3.6 alleles/locus and had an average polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.6, whereas the wild tetraploids averaged 2.5 alleles/locus and had an average PIC value of 0.3 and the cultivated tetraploids (C. arabica cultivars) averaged 1.9 alleles/locus and had an average PIC value of 0.22. Fifty-five percent of the alleles found in the wild tetraploids were not shared with cultivated C. arabica genotypes, supporting the idea that the wild tetraploid ancestors from Ethiopia could be used productively as a source of novel genetic variation to expand the gene pool of elite C. arabica germplasm.Key words: Coffea spp., microsatellite markers, genetic diversity.

scholarly journals Insights into opium poppy (Papaver spp.) genetic diversity from genotyping-by-sequencing analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uyen Vu Thuy Hong ◽  
Muluneh Tamiru-Oli ◽  
Bhavna Hurgobin ◽  
Christopher R Okey ◽  
Artur R. Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Opium Poppy ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Sequencing Analysis

Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) is one of the world's oldest medicinal plants and a versatile model system to study secondary metabolism. However, our knowledge of its genetic diversity is limited, restricting utilization of the available germplasm for research and crop improvement. We used genotyping-by-sequencing to investigate the level of genetic diversity and population structure in a collection of poppy germplasm consisting of 91 accessions originating in 30 countries of Europe, North Africa, America, and Asia. We identified five genetically distinct subpopulations. Although the accessions were from geographically diverse regions, no strong association was detected between geographic origin and subpopulation at regional and sub-regional levels. However, most accessions obtained from the same country were grouped together as genetically distinct, likely a consequence of the restriction on movement of poppy germplasm. Phylogenetic analysis identified clades that were largely consistent with the subpopulations detected. Clades could be differentiated broadly based on capsule dehiscence, plant stature and seed weight, traits believed to be associated with poppy domestication. Our study determined that the genetically diverse collection was likely composed of both wild and cultivated forms. This has direct implications for germplasm management and utilization of the available diversity for genetic improvement of poppy.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) accessions using SNP based Kompetitive allele-specific (KASP) markers

2021 ◽  
pp. 890-898
Author(s):  
Thulo Sejake ◽  
Nemera Shargie ◽  
Riann Christian ◽  
Assefa B. Amelework ◽  
Toi J. Tsilo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Snp Analysis ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Kasp Markers

Genetic diversity analysis is an important component in conventional and marker-assisted breeding. The objective of this study was to assess the level of genetic diversity among 100 sorghum accessions, which were selected randomly from the Sorghum National Germplasm Bank maintained at Agricultural Research Council, South Africa. A total of 136 Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers were used in this study. The KASP markers were previously derived from single-nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) analysis of the world-wide sorghum accessions by other research groups. A total of 110 KASP markers were polymorphic and recorded an average polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.3, which indicated high level of discrimination of the markers. The markers had an average gene diversity and observed heterozygosity of 0.3 and 0.10, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a significantly high variation among accessions (83% and 89%) than within accessions (10% and 11%) based on breeding status and geographic origin, respectively. Genetic distance varied from 0.0 between SA0672 and SA0673, SA1282 and SA0670 to 0.57 between Hakika and SA1442 with an average mean of 0.30. The dendrogram and model-based population analysis identified three and four distinct groups in 95 sorghum accessions, respectively. These results imply the presence of genetic diversity and lack of genetic bottleneck within the National Sorghum Germplasm Bank, which could be highly relevant for sorghum breeding and germplasm maintenance

scholarly journals Assessment genetic diversity of einkorn genotypes (Triticum monococcum L.) by gliadin electrophoresis

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Gergana Nikolova DESHEVA ◽  
Bozhidar KYOSEV ◽  
Manol DESHEV
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Gliadin Patterns ◽  
High Level

<p>The genetic diversity of gliadins in twenty two einkorn accessions preserved under long-term seed storage condition in the National gene bank of Bulgaria were evaluated, using acid polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (Acid-PAGE). In total, 64 polymorphic bands and 22 gliadin patterns were identified. Thirty four different mobility bands and 21 gliadin patterns were identified in the ω-gliadin zone, 12 bands and 16 patterns were noted in the γ-gliadins, 17 patterns and 12 mobility bands were found for β-gliadins and six bands with five different α -gliadin patterns were determined. The genetic diversity index (H) was the highest for ω-gliadins (0.950), followed by β-gliadins (0.924) and γ- (0.914), respectively and the lowest value was detected in α-gliadin patterns (0.120). Cluster analysis based on the UPGMA method and Nei and Li similarity coefficients classified all the genotypes into 3 main groups. No relationships between genetic diversity, geographic origin and the genotypes were observed. The results of cluster analysis justify the high level of genetic variation among investigated einkorn accessions.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document