scholarly journals MicroRNA-331-3p affects preadipocytes’ proliferation and differentiation and fatty acid accumulation in Laiwu pigs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Lixia Ma ◽  
Jihong Geng ◽  
Yongqing Zeng ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cellular Differentiation ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Acid Accumulation

The proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), hormones and other factors. This study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-331-3p on the proliferationand differentiation of preadipocytes in addition to fatty acid metabolism. The data indicated that miR-331-3p is a novel regulator of cellular differentiation. It was observed that miR-331-3p was capable of inhibiting cellular proliferation. Furthermore, miR-331-3p was highly expressed during cellular differentiation andappeared to promote the process. In addition, dual fluorescein analysis showed that dihydrolipoamideS-succinyltransferase (DLST) is a target gene of miR-331-3p, and over-expression of miR-331-3p could regulate the metabolism of fatty acids in the citrate pyruvate cycle by targeting DLST expression. In summary, these findings indicated that miR-331-3p exerts contrasting effects on the processes ofproliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-331-3p affects preadipocytes’ proliferation and differentiation and fatty acid accumulation in Laiwu pigs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Lixia Ma ◽  
Jihong Geng ◽  
Yongqing Zeng ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cellular Differentiation ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Acid Accumulation

The proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), hormones and other factors. This study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-331-3p on the proliferationand differentiation of preadipocytes in addition to fatty acid metabolism. The data indicated that miR-331-3p is a novel regulator of cellular differentiation. It was observed that miR-331-3p was capable of inhibiting cellular proliferation. Furthermore, miR-331-3p was highly expressed during cellular differentiation andappeared to promote the process. In addition, dual fluorescein analysis showed that dihydrolipoamideS-succinyltransferase (DLST) is a target gene of miR-331-3p, and over-expression of miR-331-3p could regulate the metabolism of fatty acids in the citrate pyruvate cycle by targeting DLST expression. In summary, these findings indicated that miR-331-3p exerts contrasting effects on the processes ofproliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes.

scholarly journals The Effect of MicroRNA-331-3p on Preadipocytes Proliferation and Differentiation and Fatty Acid Accumulation in Laiwu Pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Jingxiang Cui ◽  
Lixia Ma ◽  
Yongqing Zeng ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Cellular Differentiation ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Acid Accumulation

Objective. The proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), hormones, and other factors. This study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-331-3p on the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes in addition to fatty acid metabolism. Methods. Preadipocytes were transfected with miR-331-3p mimics, miR-NC, or miR-331-3p inhibitor to explore its effect on cell proliferation and fatty acid accumulation. Furthermore, preadipocytes were transfected with pre-miR-331-3p, pcDNA3.1(+), or miR-331-3p inhibitor to explore its effect on differentiation. Results. It was observed that miR-331-3p could inhibit preadipocytes proliferation. Furthermore, miR-331-3p was highly expressed during cellular differentiation and appeared to promote the process. In addition, dual fluorescein analysis showed that dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase (DLST) is a target gene of miR-331-3p, and overexpression of miR-331-3p could regulate the metabolism of fatty acids in the citrate pyruvate cycle by targeting DLST expression. Conclusion. In summary, these findings indicated that miR-331-3p exerts contrasting effects on the processes of fat deposition.

Fatty acid accumulation analysis based on transcriptome sequencing of developmental herbaceous peony ‘Hangshao’ ( Paeonia lactiflora ‘Hangshao’) seeds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiasong Meng ◽  
Yuhan Tang ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Jun Tao
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Elongation ◽  
Paeonia Lactiflora ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Herbaceous Peony ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation ◽  
Acid Accumulation

Abstract Background: Paeonia lactiflora ‘Hangshao’ is widely cultivated in China because its root can be used to produce raw materials for traditional Chinese medicine ‘Radix Paeoniae Alba’. Due to the presence of abundant unsaturated fatty acids in its seed, it also can be regarded as a new oil plant. However, the process of the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid in herbaceous peony ‘Hangshao’ remained largely unknown. Therefore, transcriptome analysis is helpful to better understand the molecular mechanisms. Results: Five main fatty acids, stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, were detected, and their absolute contents increased first and then decreased during seed development. A total of 150,156 Unigenes were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, with an average length of 1,030 bp. There were 1,550 Unigenes annotated in the seven functional databases including NR, NT, GO, KOG, KEGG, SwissProt and InterPro. Based on KEGG database, 1,766 Unigenes were annotated in the lipid metabolic pathways, among which 103, 74 and 70 Unigenes are annotated into fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, fatty acid elongation pathway and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis pathway; respectively. A total of 1480 DEGs were detected. Among them, 83 DEGs were enriched in the fatty acid metabolism pathway, including 12 DEGs involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis and 1 DEG involved in fatty acid elongation. Furthermore, qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression patterns of nine fatty acid biosynthetic related genes including FBCP, BC, FabD, FabF, FATB, KCR, FAD2, FAD3 and FAD7, and it showed that they all highest expressed at 45 DAF. Conclusions: This study provides the first comprehensive genomic resources characterizing herbaceous peony seeds gene expression at the transcriptional level. These data lay the foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanism of the lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid accumulation for herbaceous peony 'Hangshao'.

Inhibition of polyunsaturated fatty acid accumulation in plants expressing a fatty acid epoxygenase

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 940-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
S. Thomaeus ◽  
M. Lee ◽  
A. Green ◽  
S. Stymne
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Seed Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation ◽  
Epoxy Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Δ12 Desaturase

Earlier, we described the isolation of a Crepis palaestina cDNA (Cpal2) which encoded a Δ12-epoxygenase that could catalyse the synthesis of 12,13-epoxy-cis-9-octadecenoic acid (18:1E) from linoleic acid (18:2). When the Cpal2 gene was expressed under the control of a seed-specific promoter in Arabidopsis plants were able to accumulate small amounts 18:1E and 12,13-epoxy-cis-9,15-octadec-2-enoic acid in their seed lipids. In this report we give results obtained from a detailed analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants containing the Cpal2 gene. The seeds from these plants accumulate varying levels of 18:1E, but show a marked increase in 18:1 and equivalent decrease in 18:2 and 18:3. We further observed that the co-expression of a C. palaestina Δ12-desaturase in Arabidopsis appears to return the relative proportions of the C18 seed fatty acids to normal levels and results in a 2-fold increase in total epoxy fatty acids.

scholarly journals Discrimination between chilling-sensitive and chilling-resistant plants based on measurements of free fatty acid accumulation and inactivation of oxygen evolution in aged chloroplasts.

1993 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Saczyńska ◽  
J Kargul ◽  
Z Kaniuga
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
Maize Line ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Chilling Sensitivity ◽  
Isolated Chloroplasts

The effect of aging of isolated chloroplasts of two chilling-sensitive (CS) and three chilling-resistant (CR) plants on the inactivation of oxygen evolution and accumulation of free fatty acids (FFA) was studied at 30 degrees C, pH 5.5 or 7.0, in the absence or presence of either sorbitol or NaCl. Considerable accumulation of FFA in aged chloroplasts of CS plants: bean and maize line F7-RpIII was accompanied by a marked inactivation of oxygen evolution. This relation was not, however, found in chloroplasts of CR species: pea, wheat and maize line EP1-RpI, in which the accumulation of FFA upon aging was very low whereas the decline of the rate of oxygen evolution was pronounced. In contrast to changes observed at pH 5.5, the inactivation of oxygen evolution in chloroplasts of CR species aged at pH 7.0 was dependent on the composition of the medium, especially in wheat chloroplasts. Thus, for the evaluation of chilling sensitivity based on the measurements of oxygen evolution activity solely, either aging of chloroplasts at pH 5.5 or possibly at pH 7.0 with NaCl included into the incubation medium may be recommended. It is concluded that determination of both the extent of FFA accumulation and inactivation of oxygen evolution in aged chloroplasts might be applied as chilling tolerance indexes.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Accumulation and Resulting PPARαActivation in Fibroblasts due to Trifunctional Protein Deficiency

PPAR Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Wakabayashi ◽  
Yuji Kamijo ◽  
Takero Nakajima ◽  
Naoki Tanaka ◽  
Eiko Sugiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Protein Deficiency ◽  
Significant Suppression ◽  
Skeletal Myopathy ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Specific Antagonist ◽  
Acyl Coa Dehydrogenases ◽  
Oxidation System

To examine fatty acid accumulation and its toxic effects in cells, we analyzed skin fibroblasts from six patients with mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency, who had abnormalities in the second through fourth reactions in fatty acidβ-oxidation system. We found free fatty acid accumulation, enhanced three acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, catalyzing the first reaction in theβ-oxidation system and being assumed to have normal activities in these patients, and PPARαactivation that was confirmed in the experiments using MK886, a PPARαspecific antagonist and fenofibrate, a PPARαspecific agonist. These novel findings suggest that the fatty acid accumulation and the resulting PPARαactivation are major causes of the increase in theβ-oxidation ability as probable compensation for fatty acid metabolism in the patients’ fibroblasts, and that enhanced cell proliferation and increased oxidative stress due to the PPARαactivation relate to the development of specific clinical features such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, slight hepatomegaly, and skeletal myopathy. Additionally, significant suppression of the PPARαactivation by means of MK886 treatment is assumed to provide a new method of treating this deficiency.

scholarly journals Function of ORFC of the polyketide synthase gene cluster on fatty acid accumulation in Schizochytrium limacinum SR21

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Shi ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Yixin Li ◽  
Xingyu Cao ◽  
Lijie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation ◽  
Overexpression Strain ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Schizochytrium Limacinum

Abstract Background As a potential source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), Schizochytrium sp. has been widely used in industry for PUFA production. Polyketide synthase (PKS) cluster is supposed to be the primary way of PUFA synthesis in Schizochytrium sp. As one of three open reading frames (ORF) in the PKS cluster, ORFC plays an essential role in fatty acid biosynthesis. However, the function of domains in ORFC in the fatty acid synthesis of Schizochytrium sp. remained unclear. Results In this study, heterologous expression and overexpression were carried out to study the role of ORFC and its domains in fatty acid accumulation. Firstly, ORFC was heterologously expressed in yeast which increased the PUFA content significantly. Then, the dehydratase (DH) and enoyl reductase (ER) domains located on ORFC were overexpressed in Schizochytrium limacinum SR21, respectively. Fatty acids profile analysis showed that the contents of PUFA and saturated fatty acid were increased in the DH and ER overexpression strains, respectively. This indicated that the DH and ER domains played distinct roles in lipid accumulation. Metabolic and transcriptomic analysis revealed that the pentose phosphate pathway and triacylglycerol biosynthesis were enhanced, while the tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acids oxidation were weakened in DH-overexpression strain. However, the opposite effect was found in the ER-overexpression strain. Conclusion Therefore, ORFC was required for the biosynthesis of fatty acid. The DH domain played a crucial role in PUFA synthesis, whereas the ER domain might be related to saturated fatty acids (SFA) synthesis in Schizochytrium limacinum SR21. This research explored the role of ORFC in the PKS gene cluster in Schizochytrium limacinum and provided potential genetic modification strategies for improving lipid production and regulating PUFA and SFA content.

scholarly journals Integrative iTRAQ-based proteomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the accumulation patterns of key metabolites associated with oil quality during seed ripening of Camellia oleifera

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhouchen Ye ◽  
Jing Yu ◽  
Wuping Yan ◽  
Junfeng Zhang ◽  
Dongmei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Camellia Oleifera ◽  
Specific Expression

AbstractCamellia oleifera (C. oleifera) is one of the four major woody oil-bearing crops in the world and has relatively high ecological, economic, and medicinal value. Its seeds undergo a series of complex physiological and biochemical changes during ripening, which is mainly manifested as the accumulation and transformation of certain metabolites closely related to oil quality, especially flavonoids and fatty acids. To obtain new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms, a parallel analysis of the transcriptome and proteome profiles of C. oleifera seeds at different maturity levels was conducted using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) complemented with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data. A total of 16,530 transcripts and 1228 proteins were recognized with significant differential abundances in pairwise comparisons of samples at various developmental stages. Among these, 317 were coexpressed with a poor correlation, and most were involved in metabolic processes, including fatty acid metabolism, α-linolenic acid metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. In addition, the content of total flavonoids decreased gradually with seed maturity, and the levels of fatty acids generally peaked at the fat accumulation stage; these results basically agreed with the regulation patterns of genes or proteins in the corresponding pathways. The expression levels of proteins annotated as upstream candidates of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS) as well as their cognate transcripts were positively correlated with the variation in the flavonoid content, while shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT)-encoding genes had the opposite pattern. The increase in the abundance of proteins and mRNAs corresponding to alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was associated with a reduction in linoleic acid synthesis. Using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), we further identified six unique modules related to flavonoid, oil, and fatty acid anabolism that contained hub genes or proteins similar to transcription factors (TFs), such as MADS intervening keratin-like and C-terminal (MIKC_MADS), type-B authentic response regulator (ARR-B), and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH). Finally, based on the known metabolic pathways and WGCNA combined with the correlation analysis, five coexpressed transcripts and proteins composed of cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenases (CADs), caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase (COMT), flavonol synthase (FLS), and 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) were screened out. With this exploratory multiomics dataset, our results presented a dynamic picture regarding the maturation process of C. oleifera seeds on Hainan Island, not only revealing the temporal specific expression of key candidate genes and proteins but also providing a scientific basis for the genetic improvement of this tree species.

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