STUDY OF LIPIDS, FATTY ACIDS AND LIPOPHILIC SUBSTANCES OF СONSOLIDA AMBIGUA (L.) P.W. BALL & HEYWOOD AND NIGELLA SATIVA L. SEEDS

The seeds of two medicinal plants from Ranunculaceae family – Consolida ambigua (L.) P.W. Ball & Heywood (Syn. Сonsolida ajacis Schur, ajacsova consolida, larkspur) and Nigella sativa L. (black cumin) cultivated in Uzbekistan was analyzed. Free and bound lipids were isolated from the seeds, the fatty acid composition of their neutral, glyco- and phospholipids was established. It was revealed that unsaturated components dominate among the ordinary fatty acids of seed lipids – oleic (C. ambigua) and linoleic (N. sativa). Their rare homologues – 11(Z)-eicosaenoic (C. ambigua) and 11,14(Z,Z)-eicosadienoic (Nigella sativa) acids were esterified mainly in the triacylglycerol molecules, and were found as free fatty acids of the studied oils. The major compounds among the 26 constituents of the essential oil of N. sativa seeds were p-cymene, terpinolene, β-pinene, limonene and sabinene.

Nanoliposomes and Nanoemulsions Based on Chia Seed Lipids: Preparation and Characterization

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are important in reducing the risk for cardiovascular, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds contain high levels of omega-3 PUFA, α-linolenic acid (ALA) in particular, and are a potential source for development of omega-3 PUFA-based products. Our objective was to obtain and characterize chia seed lipids, focusing on phospholipid fraction, and to investigate their use in the formulation of nanoemulsions (NE) and nanoliposomes (NL). Solvent-based lipid extraction was performed on the ORURO variety of chia seeds, followed by lipid composition analysis using GC and LC-MS and physico-chemical characterization of chia NL and NE. Folch extraction led to a slightly higher yield of ALA as compared to Soxhlet extraction. Lipid, phospholipid, and fatty acid composition analysis of the oil and residue revealed that the residue was rich in phospholipids; these were used to prepare NE and NL. Physico-chemical characterization showed that NE and NL were generally spherical (transmission electron microscopy), with a size of <120 nm under hydrated conditions that remained stable over 5 days. In conclusion, chia oil and phospholipid-rich residue can be used to obtain stable NL or NE using a simple method that involves spontaneous emulsification during lipid hydration, which potentially may be useful in cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and other health applications.

Valorization of papaya fruit waste through low-cost fractionation and microbial conversion of both juice and seed lipids

Seed oil from papaya waste was validated as a novel carbon substrate for Yarrowia lipolytica to produce high-value products.

Fatty acid composition of the pollen lipids of Cycas revoluta Thunb

The fatty acid (FA) composition of total extractable and non extractable with chloroform lipids of C. revoluta pollen was determined. Among other minor FAs, unusual Δ5 polymethylene-interrupted FA, Δ5, 11-octadecadienoic acid was found. This FA was found in the seed lipids of C. revoluta earlier, but it was discovered for the first time in pollen lipids.