scholarly journals A new potentially promising concept in diagnosis of occult infection with help of PET-CT

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dauren Sarsenov ◽  
Eser Lay Ergün
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Folate Biosynthesis ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Specific Agent

In the light of recent advances in radionuclide diagnostics of occult infectious states, it is clearly seen that positron emission tomography will have a part in routine work-up especially for critically ill patients in near future. For the purpose of further development of a specific agent that might be capable of detecting a living microorganism in occult focus inside the host organism, we come with a concept of probably a new radiopharmaceutical agent besides well-known fluorinated glucose, labelled leucocytes and gallium based radiopharmaceuticals. The aim of this opinion letter is to propose a specific agent for almost all bacteria and fungi genera not depending on host’s metabolism, thus letting differentiation of infection foci from host’s tissue. The discussion of this letter is mainly on the background of developing a compound for folate biosynthesis in bacteria and fungi which is a specific way of metabolization by the mentioned species which is provided by microbiological studies.

scholarly journals A new potentially promising concept in diagnosis of occult infection with help of PET-CT

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dauren Sarsenov ◽  
Eser Lay Ergün
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Folate Biosynthesis ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Specific Agent

In the light of recent advances in radionuclide diagnostics of occult infectious states, it is clearly seen that positron emission tomography will have a part in routine work-up especially for critically ill patients in near future. For the purpose of further development of a specific agent that might be capable of detecting a living microorganism in occult focus inside the host organism, we come with a concept of probably a new radiopharmaceutical agent besides well-known fluorinated glucose, labelled leucocytes and gallium based radiopharmaceuticals. The aim of this opinion letter is to propose a specific agent for almost all bacteria and fungi genera not depending on host’s metabolism, thus letting differentiation of infection foci from host’s tissue. The discussion of this letter is mainly on the background of developing a compound for folate biosynthesis in bacteria and fungi which is a specific way of metabolization by the mentioned species which is provided by microbiological studies.

scholarly journals Long-Term Follow-Up of Thyroid Incidentalomas Visualized with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography—Impact of Thyroid Scintigraphy in the Diagnostic Work-Up

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Kirsten Korsholm ◽  
Michala Reichkendler ◽  
Louise Alslev ◽  
Åse Krogh Rasmussen ◽  
Peter Oturai
Keyword(s):  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Thyroid Scintigraphy ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Diagnostic Work Up

Our objective was to evaluate the frequency of malignancy in incidental thyroidal uptake on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in a cohort of Danish patients, and furthermore to evaluate the impact of thyroid scinti-graphy in the diagnostic work-up. All whole-body PET/CT reports from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed and further analyzed if visually increased thyroidal FDG uptake was reported. Patient electronic files were searched for further thyroid evaluation. Of 13,195 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans in 9114 patients, 312 PET/CT reports mentioned incidental thyroid FDG-uptake, and 279 patients were included in the study (3.1%). The thyroid was further investigated in 137 patients (49%), and 75 patients underwent thyroid scintigraphy. A total of 57 patients had a thyroid biopsy and 21 proceeded to surgery. Surgical specimens displayed malignancy in 10 cases, and one thyroid malignancy was found by autopsy. Hence, 11 patients were diagnosed with thyroid malignancies among 279 patients with incidental thyroid 18F-FDG uptake (3.9%). In 34 patients, a biopsy was avoided due to the results of the thyroid scintigraphy. We conclude that patients with thyroid incidentalomas can benefit from further diagnostic work-up including a thyroid scintigraphy.

scholarly journals PSMA PET/CT Identifies Intrapatient Variation in Salivary Gland Toxicity From Iodine-131 Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153601212093499
Author(s):  
Vineet Mohan ◽  
Wouter V. Vogel ◽  
Gerlof D. Valk ◽  
Jan P. de Boer ◽  
Marnix G. E. H. Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Psma Pet ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Iodine 131 ◽  
Further Development

Introduction: Xerostomia is a well-known complication after iodine-131 (131I) therapy for thyroid carcinoma. It is currently insufficiently understood how the dose and biodistribution of 131I relates to salivary gland toxicity, and whether this is consistent for all salivary glands within a single patient. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was recently introduced as a new tool to evaluate the relative loss of vital acinar cells in individual salivary glands. We aimed to assess gland-specific salivary gland toxicity after 131I-therapy using PSMA PET/CT. Methods: Five patients with differentiated thyroid cancer underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT to evaluate their eligibility for peptide radioligand therapy with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617. Uptake patterns in salivary glands were evaluated visually and quantitatively as an indicator of vital acinar cell loss after prior 131I-therapy. Results: Four of 5 patients demonstrated significant lowered uptake in at least one salivary gland, after receiving at least 2 131I-treatments. Asymmetric loss of vital acinar cells occurred by gland type (parotid/submandibular) and location (right/left). The other salivary glands in these patients and all salivary glands in the fifth patient showed normal uptake, demonstrating high intrapatient and interpatient variability. Conclusions: 131I-therapy can induce salivary gland toxicity with high inter- but also high intrapatient variation among separate gland locations, which can be assessed with PSMA PET/CT. This new technique offers potential to guide further development and evaluation of protective measures in patients receiving 131I-therapy.

Improved Detection of Second Primary Cancer Using Integrated [18F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography for Initial Tumor Staging

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (30) ◽  
pp. 7654-7659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Young Choi ◽  
Kyung Soo Lee ◽  
O. Jung Kwon ◽  
Young Mog Shim ◽  
Chung-Hwan Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Primary Cancer ◽  
Second Primary Cancer ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Initial Staging

Purpose This study evaluated prospectively the value of integrated whole-body positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) using [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in detecting a second primary cancer at the time of the initial staging in comparison with a conventional staging work-up (CSW). Methods The participants were 547 patients diagnosed with cancer who underwent FDG PET/CT imaging for the initial staging. An additional diagnostic evaluation was performed when there were abnormal findings indicative of a second primary cancer on either PET/CT or CSW considering the site and the biologic behavior of the alleged primary tumor. Results A total of 27 second primary malignant tumors were identified in 26 of the 547 patients (4.8%). FDG PET/CT found 45 lesions indicative of a second primary cancer, of which 24 lesions were proved to be a second primary cancer, seven were clinically unexpected metastases, and 14 lesions were benign. Therefore, sensitivity and positive predictive value of FDG PET/CT in detecting a second primary cancer or an unexpected metastasis were 91% (31 of 34) and 69% (31 of 45), respectively. In contrast, CSW could not identify 16 second primary cancers and one metastatic lesion. Conclusion FDG PET/CT at the time of the initial staging is useful for screening a second primary cancer with a high sensitivity. An additional diagnostic work-up is essential when abnormal findings, which are indicative of a second primary cancer, are obtained on PET/CT images to rule out the presence of either a second primary cancer or an unexpected metastasis.

scholarly journals Adrenal Hemangioma: A Case of Retroperitoneal Tumor

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genta Iwamoto ◽  
Kota Shimokihara ◽  
Takashi Kawahara ◽  
Daiji Takamoto ◽  
Masahiro Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Retroperitoneal Tumor ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Slight Elevation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Almost All

Introduction. Adrenal hemangioma is a rare disease, with only some 60 cases reported previously. Due to the difficulty of the preoperative diagnosis of adrenal hemangioma, almost all of the cases were diagnosed by a histopathological analysis of surgical specimens. Case Presentation. A 52-year-old man was referred to our department for further examination of his left retroperitoneal tumor. He had received hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure resulting from membranous nephropathy. Computed tomography revealed a mass around his left hilum. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron-emission tomography (PET)-CT were unable to confirm or deny malignancy, and tumor markers, including CEA and CA19-9, showed slight elevation. His tumor grew from 38 mm to 54 mm in diameter in 7 months of follow-up. We therefore planned retroperitoneal tumor resection with left nephrectomy. Histopathologically, hyperplastic small vessels with hemorrhaging and denaturation were seen. The endothelial cells showed no variants or division of the nucleus. Based on this diagnosis, no further therapy was performed. He has had no recurrence in the eight months since the surgery. Conclusion. We herein report a rare case of adrenal hemangioma.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma in a Pre-existing Mammary Hamartoma: A rare case report and Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Jitendra Parmar ◽  
Anagha Zope ◽  
Tapan Patel ◽  
Sumita Choudhary ◽  
Bhoomi Angirish
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Architectural Distortion ◽  
Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
The Right ◽  
Work Up

Mammary hamartoma is uncommon typically non-malignant benign breast lesion, comprising varying amounts of fatty, fibrous connective tissue and glandular elements. The co-existence of hamartomas and malignancy is very rare and it has no special propensity to undergo malignant transformation. We present a case report of a 66-year-old patient diagnosed with Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma within a previously diagnosed mammary hamartoma in the right breast. The comprehensive work-up with mammography, ultrasound, Positron Emission Tomography – Computed Tomography (PET-CT) and ultrasound-guided biopsy confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma within the hamartoma. Although malignancy arising within hamartoma is an extremely rare entity, the radiologist should be aware and prudent of the atypical as well as suspicious features within hamartoma during interpretation of imaging modalities and should thoroughly investigate any architectural distortion or microcalcifications within an otherwise typical hamartoma. No case has been reported for inflammatory breast carcinoma in mammary hamartoma as per our best of knowledge.

PET findings in lymphomatosis and gliomatosis of the brain: a comparison of C-11 methionine PET/CT and F-18 FDG PET/CT

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512096671
Author(s):  
Noriaki Tomura ◽  
Toshiyuki Saginoya ◽  
Hiromi Goto
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Standard Uptake Value ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
The Brain

Background Positron emission tomography (PET) findings for gliomatosis and lymphomatosis have been rarely reported. Purpose To compare PET/computed tomography (CT) findings using 11C-methionine (MET) from PET/CT findings using 18F-fluorodeoxy glucose (FDG) for patients with lymphomatosis or gliomatosis of the brain. Material and Methods Participants comprised all 10 patients with lymphomatosis or gliomatosis of the brain treated at our institution in the past 12 years. Underlying pathologies comprised intravascular lymphoma (n = 1), lymphomatosis (n = 3), and gliomatosis (n = 6). All cases were pathologically diagnosed. In seven patients, both MET-PET/CT and FDG-PET/CT were performed simultaneously in a single study. In three patients, only FDG-PET/CT was performed. The degree of tracer accumulation to the lesion was evaluated qualitatively. Quantitatively, the ratio of maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) in tumor to that in normal tissue (T/N ratio) was measured and compared between FDG and MET. Results Qualitatively, MET accumulated to part of the lesion in six of seven patients and almost all of the lesion in one in seven patients. FDG accumulated to part of the lesion in three of ten patients and almost all of the lesion in one of ten patients. No FDG accumulation was seen in the lesion in six patients. Quantitatively, mean ± SD T/N ratio was significantly higher with MET (2.11 ± 0.63) than with FDG (1.18 ± 0.84; P < 0.05, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Conclusion In lymphomatosis and gliomatosis, FDG accumulates in only part of the lesion. FDG is thus less suitable than MET for depicting these lesions.

scholarly journals A review on immunohistochemical and histopathologic validation in PET-CT findings with consideration to microRNAs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius-Ioan Bădan ◽  
Eduard-Alexandru Bonci ◽  
Doina Piciu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Extensive Search ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Further Development

Purpose. This review provides an overview of some of the most recent clinical trials which investigated various types of cancer and other diseases, through the use of PET-CT imaging, highlighting the use of immunohistochemical stains or conventional histopathology for the validation or contradiction of their hypothesis. Furthermore, we investigate a potential new direction of research by analyzing the upcoming role of microRNAs in disease confirmation. Methods. An extensive search of MEDLINE/ PubMed and SCOPUS electronic databases was made, using the MeSH terms "positron emission tomography computed tomography" and "immunohistochemistry" as well as ”SUV” and ”immunohistochemistry”, restricting the search by clinical trials and time period. Further searches were made for articles regarding Ki-67 and microRNAs in correlation with metabolic PET-CT uptake. Results. Out of all 389 initial search results, 27 original articles were found relevant to the topic. Their contents were synthesized and discussed regarding the matter at hand. No relevant clinical trials involving microRNAs were found. Conclusions. Immunohistochemical and histopathologic results remain widely used and indispensable in modern research, concerning PET-CT validation. Possible candidates for diagnosis confirmation, in future research, may reside in the further development of microRNAs.

scholarly journals Multimodality imaging of adult rhabdomyosarcoma: the added value of hybrid imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1112) ◽  
pp. 20200250
Author(s):  
Nicolò Gennaro ◽  
Andrea Marrari ◽  
Salvatore Lorenzo Renne ◽  
Ferdinando Carlo Maria Cananzi ◽  
Vittorio Lorenzo Quagliuolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Imaging ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Ct And Mri

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) represents more than 50% of paediatric soft tissue tumours. Conversely, it is extremely rare among adults, where it shows peculiar biological and clinical features that are still poorly investigated. RMS patients should be referred to a Sarcoma Centre, where the contribution of experienced radiologists plays a relevant role in the diagnostic assessment of the disease, including precise localisation, staging, image-guided biopsy, response evaluation after treatment and follow-up. Besides CT and MRI, hybrid imaging including positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and PET/MRI are giving an increasing contribution to provide functional insights about tumour biology and to improve the diagnostic accuracy of the imaging work-up. This review paper provides a revision of the pathology, clinical and radiological features of adult RMS, with a particular focus on the growing role of hybrid PET-based imaging.

scholarly journals Outdoor advertising market in conditions of pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
Alina Evgenievna Vinnik
Keyword(s):  
Television Advertising ◽  
Print Advertising ◽  
Outdoor Advertising ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
The Media ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Marketing Budgets ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Further Development

The article presents the results of studying the global and Russian advertising market dynamics, in particular, the outdoor advertising market in a pandemic. The crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic has affected almost all advertising markets. The most stable markets were considered in the USA and China. The media segments of the advertising market in Russia in the period of 2010 - 2020 have been analyzed; advertising on the Internet is recognized as a leading segment, in second and third places are television advertising and UN advertising, respectively. Global ad spend across all media is 4.2% lower in 2020. Outdoor, TV, radio and print advertising revenues amounted to $ 233 billion. The outdoor advertising market was among the first to be negatively affected by the pandemic: the decrease in car and pedestrian traffic led to changes in marketing budgets, a less number of advertisers and high cost of outdoor advertising. Starting from the second half of 2020, the market began to recover, which in the near future will entail an increase in brand spending on outdoor advertising. The relevance of programmatic sales in modern conditions has been proved. The costs of programmatic purchases of digital inventory in outdoor advertising in the USA are illustrated, the slow introduction of programmatic purchases in the UN-company of Russia is noted. The results of a neuromarketing study conducted in 2020 among residents of Belgorod, confirming the problem of low visibility of outdoor advertising, are presented. The main directions of further development of the outdoor advertising market are outlined: short-term planning, reduction of terms and volumes of advertising placement; digitalization of inventory; consolidation of outdoor advertising operators; development of programmatic sales in the regions, etc.

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