8. Psychology as a Social Science: The Self and the Social Order

1989 ◽  
pp. 112-127
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Order ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals Recovering critique in an age of datafication

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1135-1151
Author(s):  
Nick Couldry
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Social World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Questions

This article starts out from the need for critical work on processes of datafication and their consequences for the constitution of social knowledge and the social world. Current social science work on datafication has been greatly shaped by the theoretical approach of Bruno Latour, as reflected in the work of Actor Network Theory and Science and Technology Studies (ANT/STS). The article asks whether this approach, given its philosophical underpinnings, provides sufficient resources for the critical work that is required in relation to datafication. Drawing on Latour’s own reflections about the flatness of the social, it concludes that it does not, since key questions, in particular about the nature of social order cannot be asked or answered within ANT. In the article’s final section, three approaches from earlier social theory are considered as possible supplements to ANT/STS for a social science serious about addressing the challenges that datafication poses for society.

scholarly journals Research Tools for Evaluating the Effects of a Vocational Horticulture Program on the Self-development of Female Inmates

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-308
Author(s):  
Melanie M. Migura ◽  
J.M. Zajicek
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Development

Quantitative evaluation of horticulture vocational-therapy programs is becoming more and more critical as professionals in the area of people-plant interactions try to document the value of their programs. Evaluation tools to assess self-development of individuals studying such factors as self-esteem, life satisfaction, and locus of control have long been used in the social science disciplines. Many of these tools, either in their original forms or with some adaptations, can be successfully used to measure changes in self-development of individuals participating in horticulture programs.

Decentering Responsibilization: Towards a Nomos of Governmentality in Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Guy Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
The Self ◽  
Civic Responsibility ◽  
Care Of The Self ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Institutional Power ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Individual Participation

Abstract This paper charts the mechanics of civic responsibility in preventing violence. Attention centers on divergent practices of responsibilization in Puebla, Mexico, which emanate from both state rationales associated with citizen security initiatives and from community-based measures that confound such official logics. Situated in the workings of governmentality beyond advanced liberalism, the paper proposes a decentering of responsibilization. This requires two steps. First, analysis returns to governmentality as the intersection of technologies of domination and the self but locates the former in relation to nomos rather than logos. That is, responsibilization occurs not exclusively in relation to codes of conduct consistent with official determinations (logos) but also as a socially developed order that exceeds the political, economic, and rational dimensions of government (nomos). Second, it positions technologies of the self amid Michel Foucault's work on the empiricohistorical construction of care of the self. This is a situated care, wherein a responsible individual emerges from the constituent complexity of the social order and her interdependence with other living forms. Far from an art of government wherein individual participation becomes the corollary to the withdrawal of the state, civic responsibility in Puebla is socially embedded and, therefore, need not align with institutional power.

scholarly journals INDIVIDU, KOMUNITAS, DAN NEGARA DALAM KONTEKS PEMBENTUKAN COMMUNITY CIVICS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Imam Farisi ◽  
Lukiyadi Lukiyadi
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
School Students ◽  
Text Book ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan status dan peran individu, komunitas, dan negara-bangsa bagi pembentukan kewarganegaraan komunitas sebagaimana dikonstruksi di dalam buku-buku teks Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial SD. Penelitian menggunakan teknik analisis konten kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian adalah enam buku teks elektronik IPS-SD kelas I-VI SD/MI karya Nursa’ban dan Rusmawan (2008; 2010a,b) (kelas I—III); Suranti dan Setiawan (2009a,b) (kelas IV-VI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara pedagogis status dan peran individu komunitas, dan negara-bangsa bagi pembentukan kewarganegaraan komunitas dikonstruksi sejalan dengan ideologi “tertib-sosial” dan “tipe ideal” melalui penggunaan simbol, slogan, pesan, tujuan, dan gagasan, serta didukung melalui penggunaan politik kesejarahan. Persoalan-persoalan demokrasi seperti konflik sosial, isu dan masalah kontemporer dan kontroversial di wilayah tabu yang juga merupakan persoalan nyata masyarakat belum banyak diungkap karena dianggap dapat mengganggu tertib-sosial dan tipe ideal yang dicitakan. Kata Kunci: buku teks, sekolah dasar, ilmu pengetahuan sosial, kewarganegaraanTHE INDIVIDUAL, COMMUNITY, AND COUNTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF COMMUNITY CITIZENSHIP FORMATION Abstract. This study was aimed to describe the individual, community, and country status and roles for the formation of community citizenship as constructed in textbooks of Social Science in elementary schools. The study utilized the qualitative content analysis technique. The data sources were six electronic textbooks of Social Science for elementary school students for grades I-VI written by Nursa’ban and Rusmawan (2008; 2010a,b) (grades I-III); written by Suranti and Setiawan (2009a,b) (grades IV-VI). The findings of the study showed that the individual, community, and country status and roles for the community citizenship formation was constructed in accordance with the “social-order” and “ideal-type” ideology through the use of symbols, slogans, messages, objectives, and ideas, and supported by the use of the historical policy. Problems of democracy such as social conflicts and issues, contemporary and controversial problems in the closed areas as real community problems had not been explored because it could disrupt the social order and ideal type. Keywords: text-book, elementary schools, social sciences, community citizenship

scholarly journals The idea of an ethically committed social science

2021 ◽  
pp. 095269512110209
Author(s):  
Leonidas Tsilipakos
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
The Self ◽  
Academic Life ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Peter Winch ◽  
Sociological Approaches

This article presents a long overdue analysis of the idea of an ethically committed social science, which, after the demise of positivism and the deeming of moral neutrality as impossible, has come to dominate the self-understanding of many contemporary sociological approaches. Once adequately specified, however, the idea is shown to be ethically questionable in that it works against the moral commitments constitutive of academic life. The argument is conducted with resources from the work of Peter Winch, thus establishing its continuing relevance and critical importance for the social sciences, sociology in particular. Special reference is made to heretofore unappreciated aspects of Winch’s work, including within the groundbreaking The Idea of a Social Science and Its Relation to Philosophy, but focusing specifically on his later contributions to ethics.

scholarly journals On the Unbearable Lightness of John Key

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Warwick Tie
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The Self ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Neoliberal Reforms ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
The Social

The neoliberal reforms of the 1980s produced, going into the new millennium, a contradiction within capitalism that is illuminated by the unprecedented popularity of John Key as prime minister. This contradiction concerns an impasse in political economy that develops as a consequence of capital’s inability to create experiences of self required for its own reproduction. In short, the contradiction signals a crisis in the social reproduction of capital, a crisis in the reproduction of capitalist subjectivity. The requirement upon people to become ‘entrepreneurs of the self’ or units of self-actuating ‘human capital’ produces insufficiently coherent experiences of selfhood, accompanied by a widespread development of compensatory states of narcissistic grandiosity. Different social formations produce particular kinds of subjectivity, and come to privilege specific public figures as ideals of the psychological traits favourable to the efficient operation of the prevailing social order. That order, in our case, is neoliberal capital of an increasingly authoritarian populist kind, and Key exemplifies its ideal subject. Resistance to the logics by which a given social order is functioning turns, in part, upon the dislocation of its central figures. Against the individualistic contentedness projected by the figure of Key, a need arises to imagine how a collective, cooperative, subject might form anew in this situation. This essay will move towards Jodi Dean’s discussion of the party form to think through what such a project might entail.  

The Social Market Economy

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-44
Author(s):  
Peter C. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Free Market ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Market

The social market economy was a first key term used in the formation of the Federal Republic of Germany, firstly to describe how a market economy (i.e. capitalism) could contribute to social order, and secondly to suggest that the market alone could not preserve social order but required social supplements. The term was initially associated with the self-described neoliberals (now known as ordoliberals), and justified a return to the free market. Even within this group, however, there were differences about how a market economy could be “social” and what kinds of measures were necessary to make capitalism compatible with social order and democracy. Beyond this group, Social Democrats also adopted similar ideas at the same time. Despite the intentions of the most economically liberal of the ordoliberals, the idea of a social market economy came to include extensive state intervention to preserve social order.

Power

Sociology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Clegg
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Causal Analysis ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Community Power ◽  
The Social

The concept of power is absolutely central to any understanding of society. Despite its ubiquity, power is arguably one of the most difficult concepts to make sense of within the social sciences. Nonetheless, power has been a core concept for as long as there has been speculation about the nature of social order. The ancient Greek philosophers of Athens pondered about it, usually in constitutional terms; Christian philosophers such as St. Augustine moralized about it, as Wolin 2004 discusses (see Classic Works); however, it was not until the epochal ideation of the Florentine Machiavelli, in the 16th century, and the Englishman, Hobbes, in 1651, that the foundations for an empirical analysis were established. Machiavelli, the Florentine diplomat and author who lived from 1469 to 1527, writing in his book The Prince (composed around 1513), had little time for noble and normative theories and was strongly empirical and nonnormative, reflecting on how power was and should be deployed in statecraft. Hobbes was more concerned with laying foundations for causal analysis. The Hobbesian view proved to be the most influential in mainstream social science, especially as the mid-20th-century Community Power Debate developed. Machiavelli’s work took on renewed interest, however, as the influence of Foucault’s work played out and emphasis shifted from causality to strategy.

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