scholarly journals Prediction of Membrane Water Content Characteristics through Dynamic Nonlinear Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-505
Author(s):  
CHANHEE LEE ◽  
YOUNGHYEON KIM ◽  
SANGSEOK YU
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Nonlinear Model ◽  
Content Characteristics

Measuring Water Content Characteristics by Using Frequency Domain Reflectometry Sensor in Coconut Coir Substrate

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Tae Park ◽  
태 박성 ◽  
Geum Hyang Jung ◽  
Hyung Joo Yoo ◽  
Eun-Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Frequency Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Coconut Coir ◽  
Content Characteristics

KARAKTERISTIK FISIKO-KIMIA KITOSAN DAN OLIGO KITOSAN KULIT UDANG (Litopenaeus vannamei)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Candra Candra ◽  
Findya Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Content Characteristics

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat kitosan dan oligo-kitosan serta mempelajari karakteristiknya. Parameter yang diuji pada penelitian ini adalah kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein dan kadar lemak. karakteristik dari proses depolimerasi kitosan menjadi oligo-kitosan berpengaruh nyata menurunkan kadar protein, abu, lemak, derajat putih dan tetapi terdapat kenaikan kadar air, karena disebabkan proses pengeringan yang tidak optimal. Kadar air, kadar protein, abu , derajat putih dan viskositas kitosan dan oligo-kitosan masih berada di bawah standar mutu disebabkan oleh kurang optimalnya proses deproteinisasi, demineralisasi, deasetilasi dan depolimerisasi.  Tingginya kandungan abu (mineral) menurunkan kelarutan dari kitosan dan oligo-kitosan sehingga nilai viskositas menjadi rendah.This study aims to make chitosan and oligo-chitosan and studied its characteristics. The parameters tested in this study were moisture, ash, protein and fat content. Characteristics of chitosan depolimerasi process into oligo-chitosan were significantly lower levels of protein, ash, fat, white and degrees but there was an increase of water content, because due to the drying process was not optimal. Moisture, protein, ash content, white degree and viscosity of chitosan and oligo-chitosan were still below the quality standard due to less optimal deproteinization, demineralization, deacetylation and depolymerization. The higher of ash was decrease solubility and viscosity of chitosan and oligo-chitosan.

Water Potential-Water Content Characteristics of Wheat Straw

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Myrold ◽  
L. F. Elliott ◽  
R. I. Papendick ◽  
G. S. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Content Characteristics

Characterization of frozen hydrated biological specimens by low-loss EELS

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1572-1573
Author(s):  
Songquan Sun ◽  
Richard D. Leapman
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Protein Solutions ◽  
Subcellular Compartment ◽  
Differential Shrinkage ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Analyses of ultrathin cryosections are generally performed after freeze-drying because the presence of water renders the specimens highly susceptible to radiation damage. The water content of a subcellular compartment is an important quantity that must be known, for example, to convert the dry weight concentrations of ions to the physiologically more relevant molar concentrations. Water content can be determined indirectly from dark-field mass measurements provided that there is no differential shrinkage between compartments and that there exists a suitable internal standard. The potential advantage of a more direct method for measuring water has led us to explore the use of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) for characterizing biological specimens in their frozen hydrated state.We have obtained preliminary EELS measurements from pure amorphous ice and from cryosectioned frozen protein solutions. The specimens were cryotransfered into a VG-HB501 field-emission STEM equipped with a 666 Gatan parallel-detection spectrometer and analyzed at approximately −160 C.

STEM measurement of subcellular water distributions

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
R.D. Leapman ◽  
S.Q. Sun ◽  
S-L. Shi ◽  
R.A. Buchanan ◽  
S.B. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Inelastic Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Annular Dark Field

Recent advances in rapid-freezing and cryosectioning techniques coupled with use of the quantitative signals available in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) can provide us with new methods for determining the water distributions of subcellular compartments. The water content is an important physiological quantity that reflects how fluid and electrolytes are regulated in the cell; it is also required to convert dry weight concentrations of ions obtained from x-ray microanalysis into the more relevant molar ionic concentrations. Here we compare the information about water concentrations from both elastic (annular dark-field) and inelastic (electron energy loss) scattering measurements.In order to utilize the elastic signal it is first necessary to increase contrast by removing the water from the cryosection. After dehydration the tissue can be digitally imaged under low-dose conditions, in the same way that STEM mass mapping of macromolecules is performed. The resulting pixel intensities are then converted into dry mass fractions by using an internal standard, e.g., the mean intensity of the whole image may be taken as representative of the bulk water content of the tissue.

EFFECT OF WATER CONTENT ON PROPERTIES OF Na2O, 3SiO2 GLASSES

1982 ◽  
Vol 43 (C9) ◽  
pp. C9-455-C9-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takata ◽  
M. Tomozawa ◽  
J. Acocella ◽  
J. Molinelli ◽  
C. Y. Erwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Effect Of Water
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