Review: In menopause (intact uterus), estrogen + progestogen, isoflavones, and black cohosh reduce hot flashes

2017 ◽  
Vol 167 (6) ◽  
pp. JC26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis G. Maki
Keyword(s):  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Black Cohosh ◽  
Intact Uterus

Phase III Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial of Black Cohosh in the Management of Hot Flashes: NCCTG Trial N01CC1

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 2836-2841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Pockaj ◽  
James G. Gallagher ◽  
Charles L. Loprinzi ◽  
Philip J. Stella ◽  
Debra L. Barton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Black Cohosh ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Treatment Preferences ◽  
Cimicifuga Racemosa ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hot Flash ◽  
Time Period

Purpose Hot flashes can cause significant morbidity in postmenopausal women undergoing or finished with breast cancer treatment. Black cohosh has been used to treat hot flashes, but definitive clinical data about efficacy have been equivocal. Methods A double-blind, randomized, cross-over clinical trial with two 4-week periods, was used to study the efficacy of black cohosh (1 capsule, Cimicifuga racemosa 20 mg BID) for the treatment of hot flashes in women. Participants kept a daily hot flash diary during a baseline week and then during two 4-week crossover treatment periods. Hot flash scores were measured by assigning points (1 to 4 for mild to very severe) to each hot flash based on severity and then adding the points for a given time period. Results Between October 31, 2003, to March 4, 2004, 132 patients were randomly assigned. Toxicity was minimal and not different by treatment group. Patients receiving black cohosh reported a mean decrease in hot flash score of 20% (comparing the fourth treatment week to the baseline week) compared with a 27% decrease for patients on placebo (P = .53). Mean hot flash frequency was reduced 17% on black cohosh and 26% on placebo (P = .36). Patient treatment preferences were measured after completion of both treatment periods by ascertaining which treatment period, if any, the patient preferred. Thirty-four percent of patients preferred the black cohosh treatment, 38% preferred the placebo, and 28% did not prefer either treatment. Conclusion This trial failed to provide any evidence that black cohosh reduced hot flashes more than the placebo.

scholarly journals Gene expression analyses on multi-target mode of action of black cohosh in menopausal complaints – a pilot study in rodents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Stute ◽  
S. Ehrentraut ◽  
H.-H. Henneicke-von Zepelin ◽  
P. Nicken
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Black Cohosh ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Ovx Rats

Abstract Purpose This study aimed at assessing gene expression profiles in hippocampus and hypothalamus of ovariectomized (OVX) rats with or without treatment with an isopropanolic extract of Cimicifuga racemosa rhizomes (iCR) in comparison to intact rats. Methods Exploration of hippocampal (Hi) and hypothalamic (Hy) tissue from Sprague Dawley rats: without OVX (NHi = NHy = 4), tissues 3 months after OVX (NHi = 4, NHy = 3), or tissues of rats after their treatment with iCR for 3 months after OVX (NHi = NHy = 2). Gene expression profiles in these tissues were investigated by RNA-microarray-analysis and subsequent verification by qPCR. Results 4812 genes were differentially regulated when comparing the three groups in hippocampus and hypothalamus. iCR compensated the effects of OVX in 518 genes. This compensatory effect was most prominent in hippocampal signalling pathways, thereof genes (GAL, CALCA, HCRT, AVPR1A, PNOC, etc.) involved in thermoregulation, regulation of sleep and arousal, blood pressure regulation, metabolism, nociception, hormonal regulation, homeostasis, learning and cognition, mood regulation, neuroendocrine modulation, etc.. In the hypothalamus, iCR compensated OVX-effects at TAC3 and OPRM1 but not at KISS1. These genes are involved in the pathophysiology of hot flashes. Conclusions Our pilot study findings support a multifaceted mode of action of iCR in menopausal complaints on a tissue-specific brain gene expression level.

Phase III double-blinded, randomized trial to evaluate the use of black cohosh in the treatment of hot flashes: A North Central Cancer Treatment Group study

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (16_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8013-8013 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Pockaj ◽  
J. Gallagher ◽  
C. L. Loprinzi ◽  
P. J. Stella ◽  
D. L. Barton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Black Cohosh ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
North Central ◽  
Double Blinded

Randomized Trial of Black Cohosh for the Treatment of Hot Flashes Among Women With a History of Breast Cancer

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2739-2745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith S. Jacobson ◽  
Andrea B. Troxel ◽  
Joel Evans ◽  
Lorissa Klaus ◽  
Linda Vahdat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Black Cohosh ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Hot Flash

PURPOSE: Most breast cancer survivors experience hot flashes; many use complementary or alternative remedies for these symptoms. We undertook a randomized clinical trial of black cohosh, a widely used herbal remedy for menopausal symptoms, among breast cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with breast cancer who had completed their primary treatment were randomly assigned to black cohosh or placebo, stratified on tamoxifen use. At enrollment, patients completed a questionnaire about demographic factors and menopausal symptoms. Before starting to take the pills and at 30 and 60 days, they completed a 4-day hot flash diary. At the final visit, they completed another menopausal symptom questionnaire. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were measured in a subset of patients at the first and final visits. RESULTS: Of 85 patients (59 on tamoxifen, 26 not on tamoxifen) enrolled in the study, 42 were assigned to treatment and 43 were assigned to placebo; 69 completed all three hot flash diaries. Both treatment and placebo groups reported declines in number and intensity of hot flashes; the differences between the groups were not statistically significant. Both groups also reported improvements in menopausal symptoms that were, for the most part, not significantly different. Changes in blood levels of FSH and LH also did not differ in the two groups. CONCLUSION: Black cohosh was not significantly more efficacious than placebo against most menopausal symptoms, including number and intensity of hot flashes. Our study illustrates the feasibility and value of standard clinical trial methodology in assessing the efficacy and safety of herbal agents.

Pilot Evaluation of Black Cohosh for the Treatment of Hot Flashes in Women

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Pockaj ◽  
Charles L. Loprinzi ◽  
Jeff A. Sloan ◽  
Paul J. Novotny ◽  
Debra L. Barton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Black Cohosh

scholarly journals Black Cohosh and Liver Toxicity: Is There a Relationship?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Muqeet Adnan ◽  
Muhammad Khan ◽  
Syed Hashmi ◽  
Muhammad Hamza ◽  
Sufyan AbdulMujeeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Black Cohosh ◽  
Drug Side Effects ◽  
Herbal Supplements ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
States Pharmacopeia

Herbal supplements are commonly used by patients for various problems. It is a well-known fact that most patients do not tell their physicians about the use of herbal supplements unless they are specifically asked. As a result, sometimes important information regarding drug side effects is missed in history taking. During our literature search, we found several retrospective studies and other meta-analyses that claim a lacking or weak link between black cohosh use and hepatotoxicity. We present a case of a 44-year-old female who developed subacute liver injury demonstrated on a CT scan and liver biopsy within a month of using the drug to resolve her hot flashes and discuss a possible temporal and causal association between black cohosh use and liver disease. Since the patient was not taking any other drugs, we concluded that the acute liver injury was caused by the use of black cohosh. We agree with the United States Pharmacopeia recommendations that a cautionary warning about hepatotoxicity should be labeled on the drug package.

Effexor Eases Hot Flashes in Breast Ca Patients

Ob Gyn News ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (14) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
JANE SALODOF MACNEIL
Keyword(s):  
Hot Flashes
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