scholarly journals WHY DOES IT HAPPEN IN PHYSICS? OPINIONS OF EUROPEAN PHYSICISTS ON GENDER INEQUALITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-29
Author(s):  
Ewa Krzaklewska ◽  
Paulina Sekuła ◽  
Ewelina Ciaputa ◽  
Justyna Struzik
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Research Organisations ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Gender Equality Policy

The article aims to describe and analyse the opinions of European physicists as to the reasons for the overrepresentation of men in the discipline, as well as to supply some reflections on the barriers encountered by female physicists in their careers. The article is based on qualitative data  – 83 in-depth interviews with female and male physicists  – collected in 2016 and 2017 under the framework of the project “Gender Equality Network in European Research Area” (GENERA). The main reasons voiced by interviewees for the gender imbalance in physics are to be found ‘outside’ the scientific institutions themselves, namely the early processes of the socialisation of girls and boys, together with existing gender stereotypes. Other reasons are related to recent developments in academia linked to work organization and structural conditions  – precariousness, competitiveness, and the demand for mobility, but also to a masculinised working culture resulting in gender bias, as well as microaggressions and discrimination. In relation to recent studies showing that awareness of gender (in) equalities remains of crucial importance for structural/institutional change, the article reflects on the potential implications of the perception by physicists of the determinants of gender inequality for the implementation of gender equality policy in research organisations.

scholarly journals GENDER INEQUALITY IN THE LABOR MARKET OF UKRAINE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Yefanova ◽  
T. Martsenyuk
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Women Participation

This article examines the law regulation of the gender equality, and analyzes the phenomenon of gender (in)equalitythe in the labor market in Ukraine in general and IT sphere in particular. Three factors that determine the low level of women participation in the IT sector are being highlighted: structural, organizational, and individual. Aspects of gender segregation in the field of IT in Ukraine are being illustrated by the empirical data gathered from in-depth interviews with female employees of IT companies.

scholarly journals Social and psychological causes of gender inequality in present-day female career development

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Оксана Чуйко
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Sensitive Issues

The article actualize the issue of gender equality as a precondition for successful female career pursuit. We study issues of gender equality in the light of gender inequality manifestation and its influence on female career opportunities. We have analyzed primary indicators of gender inequality with regard to employment, such as gender segregation, glass ceiling effect, gap in wages, dual employment of women (family and work), gender stereotypes, gender-based harass­ment and violence. We have outlined primary ways to reduce gender inequality with regard to employment, namely: challenging gender stereotypes (public awareness campaign aimed at iden­tifying and studying gender stereotypes of a certain community; analyzing one’s own gender stereotypes, examining their sources, etc.); developing wider concepts and beliefs with regard to gender-sensitive issues in the workplace; understanding signs and limits of gender-based harassment and violence, their prevention and avoidance; developing effective coping strategies for pressure; balancing work, family and private life by women; developing psychological characteristics and personality features essential for one’s occupation, which can contribute to professional development of a person, acknowledgment of their expertise irrespective of gender identity; developing harmonious personality (personal growth trainings), self-education and lifelong learning; practical trainings for successful career, coaching; public legal education (awareness of laws on gender-sensitive issues in the labor market); implementing and abiding by gender equality policies in various sectors, fostering organizational culture based on gender equality.

A legislative gender-equality norm as a catalyst for change? Discursive convergence in the case of the Swedish Parliament

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefina Erikson ◽  
Lenita Freidenvall
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Party Affiliation ◽  
The World ◽  
Continuous Work ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Over Time

This article addresses the establishment of gender-equality norms in a case often presented as one of the most gender-equal legislatures in the world, namely, the Swedish Parliament (Riksdagen). Based on a series of in-depth interviews between 2005 and 2016 with 90 legislators in the Swedish Parliament, we ask whether there is agreement over gender-equality problems in Parliament that cut across gender and party affiliation, and whether there is convergence over time in this regard. Our findings show that there is a trend of convergence of the gender-inequality framings over time, which indicates the establishment of a shared legislative gender-equality norm. We suggest that a legislative gender-equality norm might work as a catalyst for progressive and continuous work in this area.<br /><br />Key messages<br /><ul><li>The article suggests that gender-equality norms should be studied as part of parliaments’ gender sensitivity.</li><br /><li>The article finds support for the emergence of a gender-equality norm in the Swedish Parliament.</li><br /><li>We pinpoint interviews as a method to study norms.</li></ul>

Gender Equality in the Ivory Tower, and How Best to Achieve It

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (02) ◽  
pp. 418-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Renwick Monroe ◽  
Jenny Choi ◽  
Emily Howell ◽  
Chloe Lampros-Monroe ◽  
Crystal Trejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Qualitative Interview ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Ivory Tower ◽  
American Academia ◽  
Cultural Cues ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

ABSTRACTBoth statistical and qualitative interview data confirm the on-going existence of gender inequality within American academia, with women both underrepresented and underpaid compared to their male counterparts. Surprisingly, what is needed to remedy this situation is not a secret. Most of the policies outlined in this article as good workable solutions are programs that have been tested and described in more than one study. Indeed, evidence suggests that when the nine strategies we identify here are fully implemented, as they have been at a few colleges and universities, the number of women on the faculty increases dramatically. The fact that we do not adopt these policies more widely in academia suggests not a lack of knowledge so much as apathy, prejudice, gender stereotypes, and cultural cues that end by depriving society of some of its best talent and energy.

scholarly journals Equal Pay for Work of Equal Value? Iceland and the Equal Pay Standard

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Job Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Equal Pay ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gender Equality Policy ◽  
Organizational Literature

Abstract Job evaluation systems have a history of being critiqued as upholding gender inequality. Paradoxically, however, the Icelandic Equal Pay Standard (IEPS), a novel and publicly praised gender equality policy, is based on a job evaluation tool. The aim of this article is to stipulate an initial analysis of how key stakeholders in the Icelandic context view and assess the strengths and weaknesses of the IEPS so far. Drawing on organizational literature and feminist institutionalism, the findings show how equal pay for work of equal value can be achieved. At the same time, the article highlights the need for more emphasis on and awareness of the value of feminized work within organizations, which remains underrecognized in the IEPS.

scholarly journals Overcoming gender inequality in Ukraine: political, legal, social and educational dimensions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4 (133)) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Yuriy Onishchyk ◽  
Oksana Pozhydaieva ◽  
Tetyana Semigina
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Systematic Analysis

The issue of gender equality as an equal treatment of all, regardless of social or other circumstances, is important for the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 and the implementation of a number of international legal instruments to combat gender discrimination. The study aims to characterize the state of gender inequality in Ukraine and outline possible ways to overcome this phenomenon through the use of political, legal, socio-practical and educational measures. It is carried out using a systematic analysis of international and domestic indicators of gender inequality that constitute the methodological basis for establishing the level of gender inequality, as well as regulatory analysis of documents adopted by international and domestic organizations. The undertaken analysis demonstrates that Ukraine has an extensive legal framework designed to ensure equal rights and opportunities for men and women, address gender discrimination, and harmonize Ukrainian and international gender policies. At the same time, the gender equality indicators (Gender Inequality Index used by the UN; Gender Gap Index used by the World Economic Forum), the results of sociological research (World Values Survey; use of domestic work; leisure practices) evidence that the issues of gender inequality, gender asymmetry and gender stereotypes are unresolved and require the introduction of institutional mechanisms to ensure equality. Such mechanisms could include: legal expertise, gender quotas, gender budgeting, work with local communities and social service providers, ensuring gender sensitivity of services, including social ones, formation of gender-based competence, implementation of promotional work, introduction of gender approaches in educational institutions.

scholarly journals Køn og kærlighed i 3F - nye perspektiver på ligestilling i fagbevægelsen

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Lotte Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
And Gender

Love and Gender in 3F – new perspectives on gender equality in the labour movement In the article I argue for the necessity of (also) conceptualizing gender as produced, reproduced and transformed through love. This love is neither romantic nor physical, but a metaphor for meanings and practices which contribute to the making of gender equality in the Danish trade union 3F. From Rösing’s re-reading of de Beauvoir I develop the concept of ‘exchange’ as a way to create room for a multiplicity of gender and other experiences. Acknowledging that gender inequality is embedded in the organization, democracy, leadership, and ideology of the labour movement I add the idea of participation policies building on Fraser’s theory of justice. This perspective reveals how important the exchange both as the actual ‘positive dialogue’ between individuals and as participation policies has been for the making of gender equality in the five 3F branches. And furthermore, that the absence of exchange and a narrow understanding of gender equality do not lead to parity in participation but to the reproduction of gender stereotypes.

Instrumenty polityki równości płci w kontekście sytuacji w Polsce

2016 ◽  
pp. 88-109
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Domagała
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Nations

The article undertakes the issue of gender equality policies in the context of its indicators. The main purpose of the paper is to identify the areas of gender inequality, its scale and determinants. Firstly, the article presents the legislation of gender equality policies – its main objectives. Next, the paper discusses indicators that were implemented by organisations such as the Organisation of the United Nations and the European Union. These selected indicators are presented, taking into account the situation in Poland. In conclusion, the paper highlights the main obstacles to the pursuit of equal opportunities for women and men in Poland.

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