Author response: Genetic variation in offspring indirectly influences the quality of maternal behaviour in mice

Conflict over parental investment between parent and offspring is predicted to lead to selection on genes expressed in offspring for traits influencing maternal investment, and on parentally expressed genes affecting offspring behaviour. However, the specific genetic variants that indirectly modify maternal or offspring behaviour remain largely unknown. Using a cross-fostered population of mice, we map maternal behaviour in genetically uniform mothers as a function of genetic variation in offspring and identify loci on offspring chromosomes 5 and 7 that modify maternal behaviour. Conversely, we found that genetic variation among mothers influences offspring development, independent of offspring genotype. Offspring solicitation and maternal behaviour show signs of coadaptation as they are negatively correlated between mothers and their biological offspring, which may be linked to costs of increased solicitation on growth found in our study. Overall, our results show levels of parental provisioning and offspring solicitation are unique to specific genotypes.

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Author response for "Physical Function and Health‐Related Quality of Life in Adults Treated with Asfotase Alfa for Pediatric‐Onset Hypophosphatasia"

10.1002/jbm4.10395/v2/response1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Franca Genest ◽

Dominik Rak ◽

Anna Petryk ◽

Lothar Seefried

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Physical Function ◽

Author Response ◽

Asfotase Alfa ◽

Health Related ◽

Pediatric Onset

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GENETIC VARIATION OF HUMPBACK GROUPER (Cromileptes altivelis) ON F1 AND F3 GENERATIONS

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.29244/jitkt.v5i1.7755 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sari Budi Moria Sembiring ◽

Tridjoko Tridjoko ◽

Haryanti Haryanti

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Body Length ◽

Quantitative Characteristic ◽

Breeding Program ◽

High Quality ◽

Culture Technology ◽

Selection Of ◽

Rapd Method

Hatchery and culture technology of Humpback grouper has been developed. However, sometimes it is still found constraint in sedd production and caused instability of production due to failure by many factors. Breeding program become necessary to provide seed with high quality and good genetic variation. Quantitative characteristic selection is one of breeding program to improve productivity in grouper aquaculture. The aim of this research was to produce good phenotyphic and genotypic quality of Humpback grouper candidate broodstock. Selection of Humpback grouper F1 and F3 was done based on quantitative characteristic (body length and weight) and genotyphic characteristic by using ramdom amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) method. The results of conventional selection were found candidate broodstock of Humpback grouper F1 and F3 with body weight range from 170-210 g and 160-170 g consecutively. Heterozygosity values of Humpback grouper analized by RAPD of F1 and F3 were 0.7940 and 0.7749 consecutively and it was not significantly different. This value emphasis that population of this F3 Humpback grouper was still good to grow for broodstock. Keywords: genetic variation, humpback grouper, F1, F3.

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CRISPR Gene-Editing Models Geared Toward Therapy for Hereditary and Developmental Neurological Disorders

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.592571 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Poh Kuan Wong ◽

Fook Choe Cheah ◽

Saiful Effendi Syafruddin ◽

M. Aiman Mohtar ◽

Norazrina Azmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Gene Editing ◽

Fragile X ◽

Genetic Diseases ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Short Palindromic Repeat

Hereditary or developmental neurological disorders (HNDs or DNDs) affect the quality of life and contribute to the high mortality rates among neonates. Most HNDs are incurable, and the search for new and effective treatments is hampered by challenges peculiar to the human brain, which is guarded by the near-impervious blood-brain barrier. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR), a gene-editing tool repurposed from bacterial defense systems against viruses, has been touted by some as a panacea for genetic diseases. CRISPR has expedited the research into HNDs, enabling the generation of in vitro and in vivo models to simulate the changes in human physiology caused by genetic variation. In this review, we describe the basic principles and workings of CRISPR and the modifications that have been made to broaden its applications. Then, we review important CRISPR-based studies that have opened new doors to the treatment of HNDs such as fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome. We also discuss how CRISPR can be used to generate research models to examine the effects of genetic variation and caffeine therapy on the developing brain. Several drawbacks of CRISPR may preclude its use at the clinics, particularly the vulnerability of neuronal cells to the adverse effect of gene editing, and the inefficiency of CRISPR delivery into the brain. In concluding the review, we offer some suggestions for enhancing the gene-editing efficacy of CRISPR and how it may be morphed into safe and effective therapy for HNDs and other brain disorders.

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Consequences of climatic change for distributions

Effects of Climate Change on Birds ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198824268.003.0013 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 165-184

Author(s):

Brian Huntley

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Species Distributions ◽

Climatic Changes ◽

Adaptive Genetic Variation ◽

Spatial Structuring ◽

Modelling Studies ◽

Population Sizes ◽

Fossil Records

Species’ distributions, population sizes, and community composition are affected, directly and indirectly, by climatic changes, leading to changes in location, extent, and/or quality of distributions, range fragmentation or coalescence, and temporal discontinuities in suitable conditions. Quaternary fossil records document these responses, emphasizing individualism of species’ responses and impermanence of communities. Recent observations document similar changes attributable to recent climatic changes, including rapid decreases and increases in ranges and/or populations. Both also document extinctions associated with rapid climatic changes. Modelling studies predict substantial changes in species’ distributions, population sizes, and communities in response to future climatic changes. Implicit assumptions that genetic variation enabling adaptation is ubiquitous throughout species’ ranges, or that gene flow may be sufficiently rapid to allow adaptation, may be invalid. Work is needed to investigate spatial structuring of adaptive genetic variation and rates of gene flow, and to develop new models. Without this, species extinction risks may be severely underestimated.

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