scholarly journals Can pediatric radiography be practiced appropriately in a hospital, without a dedicated diagnostic imaging unit? A case study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Albertina Rusandu ◽  
Erling Stranden
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Radiology ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Pediatric Imaging ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Pediatric Radiography

Introduction Due to Norway’s population density, demographic scatter and topography, performing radiological examinations in children in the same unit as in adults is quite common despite international guidelines recommending use of dedicated pediatric radiology units. Children examined in non-dedicated pediatric facilities are therefore a unique patient group who requires special attention. This study investigates pediatric radiography practice at a small local hospital lacking a dedicated pediatric radiology department by comparing it with the ideals of good practice as stated by international agencies. The aspects analyzed are organization, radiation safety and optimization. Methods The approach is qualitative, based on participant observation, document investigation and interviews with radiographers. Results Radiologists evaluated referrals. Age specific pediatric CT-protocols were being used. Awareness of the greater radiation risk in children and radiation safety concern were common among the radiographers.  Some radiographers had experience from pediatric imaging departments while none of them had postgraduate studies in pediatric radiography. Lack of extensive practice due to reduced pediatric patient volume makes sometimes the examination of children be a challenging task. Communication with children seemed to go well. Conclusion Despite variations in experience with children among radiographers and lack of specialization in pediatric radiography, the practice is largely in accordance with international recommendations. Radiation protection and optimization requirements met, although the departmental organization slightly diverges from prevailing guidelines. Slightly different practice and experience with children among radiographers indicate the need for special guidelines for pediatric imaging for non-dedicated pediatric radiology departments.

scholarly journals Pediatric radiology outreach — World Federation of Pediatric Imaging commentary on opportunities and challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1695-1697 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ines Boechat ◽  
Dorothy I. Bulas
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Radiology ◽  
World Federation ◽  
Pediatric Imaging

Radiation Safety Knowledge and Practice Amongst Doctors in a Teaching Hospital in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
JE Ikubor ◽  
SN Awunor ◽  
EE Atare
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Safety Knowledge

It is important that doctors of the various specialties in a health facility requesting for radiological examinations are knowledgeable about the effect of ionizing radiation. When referring doctors know the amount of radiation their patients receive there will be justification for such investigations in line with the guiding principle of radiation protection – As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) - to minimize risk to the patient. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge and practice of radiation protection and safety amongst doctors in a Teaching Hospital in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study using a self-administered structured questionnaire among 131 doctors in Delta State University Teaching Hospital (DELSUTH), Oghara. Data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS v.21. Eighty-eight (67.2%) respondents had a good knowledge of radiation safety while 49 (37.4%) of respondents had a good practice of radiation protection and safety. There was an association between the department of respondents (p=0.009), awareness of body parts sensitive to radiation (p=0.005) and their knowledge of radiation safety. Also, there was an association between the department of respondents (p=0.016), their years of experience (p=0.016) and the practice of radiation safety. Knowledge of radiation safety was high while the practice of radiation protection and safety was low amongst respondents. Gender, department of doctor and awareness of body parts that are sensitive to radiation were associated with good knowledge; while department and years of experience was associated with good practice. It is recommended that doctors receive regular updates on radiation hazards, risks and protection in order to reduce the risk of exposure of patients and health workers to unnecessary ionizing radiation.

The Context and Consequences of Professional Indemnification of Home Birth Midwifery in Ireland

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colm OBoyle
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Home Birth ◽  
Open Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Midwifery Practice ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Community Midwives ◽  
History Of

PURPOSE: The indemnification of home birth midwifery practice is a concern internationally. This article reports on recent changes in the indemnification of home birth in Ireland. A background history of maternity services in Ireland is given. Home birth midwives’ own perspective on the withdrawal of trade union indemnification and the instigation of a means of state indemnification are offered. The notion and expectation of professional clinical indemnification is discussed using Eliot Freidson’s theoretical framework on professionalism.STUDY DESIGN: Indemnification is just one concern identified in an ethnography of independent midwifery in Ireland carried out between 2006 and 2009. Participant observation and interview supply data from the midwives themselves in that period. Documentary sources including health service reports and changes in Irish statute also form part of the ethnography and this article. Subsequent developments in what has been called a “national home birth service” are reported.MAJOR FINDINGS: Home birth midwives report that professional clinical indemnification is impossible to access on the open market. They are unwilling to practice without it, not least because legislation in the European Union and Ireland, requires that midwifery attendance at birth is “adequately insured.” The midwives feel that indemnification neither improves their practice nor guarantees good practice. They feel caught in a dilemma that they are now effectively criminalized if they attend any woman outside the narrow suitability criteria set by the Irish Health Service Executive (HSE).CONCLUSION: State indemnification of home birth midwifery practice now in place in Ireland is very positive. The nominally “national” home births service, however, is entirely dependent on a small number of self-employed community midwives. The service is therefore not available to all of those considered eligible. The home birth midwives report frustration at the exclusionary effect of tying their indemnification to narrow suitability criteria. Freidson’s conception of professionalism demonstrates how it is contingent on government and market forces. Midwives’ professional concern to be “with woman” is shown here also to be vulnerable to these competing external factors.

National Survey to Identify Subspecialties at Risk for Physician Shortages in Canadian Academic Radiology Departments

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Ling Ng ◽  
Jo Yazer ◽  
Mohammed Abdolell ◽  
Peter Brown
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Cardiac Imaging ◽  
Pediatric Radiology ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Subspecialty Training ◽  
Academic Radiology

Purpose To identify subspecialty fields in Canadian academic radiology departments that are at risk for future manpower shortages. To determine reasons for the potential shortages and suggest potential solutions. Methods An anonymous online survey was sent by e-mail to radiology residents and academic radiology department heads in Canada. The survey was open from April 1 to August 1, 2006. Statistical analysis by using the SAS Frequency Procedure was performed on the results. Results Interventional radiology, neuroradiology, mammography, cardiac imaging, and pediatric radiology were identified as areas in which there will be increasing workforce demands. Mammography, pediatric radiology, and cardiac imaging were identified as areas in which there will be a potential decrease in supply. Of the residents, 65.83% intended on pursuing subspecialty training. Priorities were interesting work, job availability, and work schedule. Nuclear medicine, mammography, pediatric radiology, and interventional radiology were identified as the top 4 areas in which residents specifically did not want to pursue further subspecialty training. Only 15% of resident respondents received career counseling during residency, and only 50% of those residents thought it was adequate. Conclusions Our survey results indicate that mammography, cardiac imaging, and pediatric radiology are at risk for manpower shortages, and interventional radiology may be at risk. Increased efforts to recruit trainees may be necessary to ensure that these subspecialties maintain their presence in the future. Only 15% of the surveyed residents received career counseling during residency. This is a relatively untapped forum that academic staff could use to help recruit new trainees into these underserved subspecialties.

Making and measuring “good” HR practice in an SME: the case of a Yorkshire bakery

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Doherty ◽  
Ann Norton
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Action Research Project ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand how “good” HR practice is characterised in SMEs and what the drivers are for adopting this good practice. The paper also explores methods for measuring the impact of HR practice which are helpful and realistic in the context of an SME. Design/methodology/approach – The research was carried out in one SME, a bakery based in South Yorkshire. It was an action research project which utilised semi-structured interviews, participant observation on the factory floor and analysis of company documentation in the diagnosis phase. In addition, reflections on action interventions have informed the findings, together with post-project, semi-structured interviews with key actors three years after the completion of the project. Findings – The drivers of good HR practice were found to be size, market position, external “coercive networks”, presenting issues, the ideology of the managing director and the energy of an HR champion. The findings demonstrate that the impact of “good” HR practice can be best evaluated in SMEs through one-shot, cost-based metrics or more strategic qualitative measures. Originality/value – The paper develops an original model to show the relationship between the drivers, the HR practices adopted and measurable outcomes. This makes an important contribution to the debate about HRM within SMEs and it has practical value for informing the development of good HR practice in SMEs.

scholarly journals Care in Collaboration: Preventing Secondary Victimisation Through a Holistic Approach  to Pre-Court Sexual Violence Interventions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Linda Louise Beckett
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Secondary Victimisation

<p>Although men's sexual violence is well known as a problem of epidemic proportions and a cause of significant harm, effective prevention strategies have yet to be developed and the effectiveness of services for victims cannot be guaranteed. Most victims of sexual violence choose not to report, but those who do may still incur exacerbation of rape's destructive effects by those who are meant to help. Interested to know how responsiveness could be improved, I began this study by  examining the literature on services for victims in order to identify the ingredients of good practice. Integrated specialist services which include support and advocacy with legal/forensic services emerged as the ideal. Finding that such systems had been positively evaluated in their real-life applications, New Zealand' s responsiveness was analysed with reference to this multi-agency model. I was particularly interested to know what supported the development of such a model and what the impediments might be to its  development in New Zealand. Since literature indicated that government input was vital to implementation of specialist holistic practice, examination of New Zealand government and its Police responsiveness became the primary goal of data-gathering. With Police Districts as the units of study, data was collected from site visits and semi-structured interviews with police in each District. This data was triangulated through prolonged participant observation and interviews with medical/forensic and support/advocacy personnel. I found that specialist holistic services were regularly available for child sexual abuse victims. In contrast, for adult sexual violence victims these were rare and service gaps were rife. This was due to governance bodies failing to coordinate nationally or locally in funding and supporting service development. Explanations for this failure are found in feminist critiques of the patriarchal systems which privilege men' s needs over women's safety. I argue that with women's movement into public life and with the political will, nationally-based reform of services is now possible. Given its small size, New Zealand is particularly well-placed to achieve this reform if current governance structures are employed in constructing a national framework for nationwide development of specialist multi-agency practice.</p>

scholarly journals Pediatric Radiology Fellowship Creation as an International Education Outreach Effort in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Jonathan Zember ◽  
Janet Reid ◽  
Yocabel Gorfu ◽  
Daniel Zewdneh Solomon ◽  
Kassa Darge
Keyword(s):  
International Education ◽  
Pediatric Radiology ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Fellowship Training ◽  
Pediatric Imaging ◽  
Journal Clubs ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Outreach Effort ◽  
Radiology Residency ◽  
Fellowship Training Program

ABSTRACT Background In 2008, there were no pediatric radiologists in Ethiopia, a country of 100 million people. The radiology residency programs lacked training in pediatric imaging acquisition and interpretation. Objective We established an accredited local pediatric radiology fellowship program in Ethiopia. Methods With assistance from US faculty from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Ethiopian radiologists created a 2-year fellowship training program in a university-based Ethiopian radiology residency program that incorporated formal lectures and seminars, case tutorials, journal clubs, teleradiological conferences, paper presentations, and online courses from collaborating institutions. Formal accreditation of the program was achieved from the university, and core values were established to ensure sustainability and self-sufficiency. The Ethiopian institution provided funding for the fellows, and US faculty volunteered their time. Results In 2015, 2 radiologists were recruited to the new fellowship; after graduation in 2017, they formed the first pediatric radiology section at the Ethiopian institution. Three new fellows were recruited in 2019, and the program is now self-sustaining. Pediatric imaging training has also been added to the radiology residency. Conclusions Establishing a pediatric radiology fellowship in a country with high need but little existing faculty expertise is feasible through outreach efforts.

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