Characteristics of Pigment Distribution in the Pigmentized Surface-Sizing Films

Eco-friendly cushioning materials were made with thermomechanical pulps (TMPs) from waste woods collected from local mountains in Korea, using a suction-forming method without physical pressing. The TMP cushions had superior shock-absorbing performance, with lower elastic moduli than expanded polystyrene (EPS) or molded pulp. Even though the TMP cushions made using various suction times had many voids in their inner fiber structure, their apparent densities were a little higher than that of EPS and much lower than that of molded pulp. The addition of cationic starch contributed to an increase in the elastic modulus of the TMP cushions without increasing the apparent density, an effect which was different from that of surface sizing with starch. In the impact test, the TMP cushions showed a more ductile pattern than the brittle EPS. The porosity of the TMP cushion was a little less than that of EPS and much greater than that of molded pulp. The porous structure of the TMP cushions contributed to their excellent thermal insulating capacity, which was equivalent to that of EPS. In summary, the TMP packing cushions showed great potential for surviving external impacts during product distribution.

Download Full-text

Influence of Polymer Charge, Temperature, and Surfactants on Surface Sizing of Liner and Greaseproof Paper With Hydrophobically Modified Starch

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj8.2.33 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 33-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ANNA JONHED ◽

LARS JÄRNSTRÖM

Keyword(s):

Phase Separation ◽

Contact Angles ◽

Low Ph ◽

Hydrophobically Modified ◽

Paper Sizing ◽

Surface Sizing ◽

Separation Temperature ◽

Hydrophobic Nature ◽

Sizing Agents ◽

Charge Temperature

The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of hydrophobically modified (HM) quaterna-ry ammonium starch ethers for paper sizing. These starches possess temperature-responsive properties; that is, gelation or phase separation occurs at a certain temperature upon cooling. This insolubility of the HM starches in water at room temperature improved their performance as sizing agents. The contact angles for water on sized liner were substantially larger than on unsized liner. When the application temperature was well above the critical phase-separation temperature, larger contact angles were obtained for liner independently of pH compared with those at the lower application temperature. Cobb60 values for liner decreased upon surface sizing, with a low pH and high application temperature giving lower water penetration. Contact angles on greaseproof paper decreased upon sur-face sizing as compared to unsized greaseproof paper, independently of pH and temperature. Greaseproof paper showed no great difference between unsized substrates and substrates sized with HM starch at different pH. This is probably due to the already hydrophobic nature of greaseproof paper. However, the Cobb60 values increased at low pH and low application temperature. Surfactants were added to investigate how they affect the sized surface. Addition of surfactant reduces the contact angles, in spite of indications of complex formation.

Download Full-text

Process of Producing Hard Sized Paper by Using Petroleum Resin Surface Sizing Agent

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL ◽

10.2524/jtappij.18.4_161 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 161-168

Author(s):

Ten Yoshii ◽

Shigehiko Yoshioka ◽

Keisaburo Tabuchi

Keyword(s):

Petroleum Resin ◽

Surface Sizing

Download Full-text

Role and Effect of Ionic Groups of Polymer as a Surface Sizing Agent

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL ◽

10.2524/jtappij.61.556 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 61 (5) ◽

pp. 556-561

Author(s):

Takahiro Fujiwara

Keyword(s):

Ionic Groups ◽

Surface Sizing

Download Full-text

Analysis of Defferent Premetering Techniques by Surface Sizing

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL ◽

10.2524/jtappij.66.844 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 66 (8) ◽

pp. 844-851

Author(s):

Mitsuhiro Yamazaki

Keyword(s):

Surface Sizing

Download Full-text

Next-generation Surface Sizing Agent

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL ◽

10.2524/jtappij.71.388 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

pp. 388-393

Author(s):

Shiro Umeuchi

Keyword(s):

Next Generation ◽

Surface Sizing

Download Full-text

Effect of pigment distribution on the color expression of Gerbera hybrida petal

JOURNAL OF HUNAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1238.2010.00165 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 165-168

Author(s):

Hai-xia CHEN ◽

Ming-yue LIU ◽

Chang-ping LÜ

Keyword(s):

Gerbera Hybrida ◽

Pigment Distribution

Download Full-text

X-ray microscopy reveals the outstanding craftsmanship of Siberian Iron Age textile dyers

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84747-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Andreas Späth ◽

Markus Meyer ◽

Thomas Huthwelker ◽

Camelia N. Borca ◽

Karl Meßlinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Age ◽

Textile Production ◽

X Ray ◽

Organic Pigments ◽

Central Asian ◽

Metal Organic ◽

Pigment Distribution

AbstractThe excellent craftsmanship of ancient Oriental and Central Asian textile dyers is already demonstrated in the remarkable brilliance and fastness of the colours of the so-called Pazyryk carpet, the by far oldest pile carpet found to date. This specimen resembles the advanced craftsmanship of Iron Age Central Asian textile production. We have employed synchrotron-based µ-XRF imaging to detect the distribution of metal organic pigments within individual fibres of the Pazyryk carpet (about 2500 years old) and compare the results to wool fibres, which we prepared according to traditional Anatolian dyeing recipes. We observe congruent pigment distribution within specimens from the Pazyryk carpet and natural wool fibres that we have fermented prior to dyeing. Therefore, we conclude that the superior fermentation technique has been utilized about 2000 years earlier than known so far.

Download Full-text

Monthly satellite-derived phytoplankton pigment distribution for the North Atlantic Ocean basin

Eos ◽

10.1029/eo067i044p00835 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 67 (44) ◽

pp. 835 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

W. E. Esaias ◽

G. C. Feldman ◽

C. R. McClain ◽

J. A. Elrod

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

North Atlantic ◽

North Atlantic Ocean ◽

Ocean Basin ◽

Phytoplankton Pigment ◽

The North ◽

Pigment Distribution ◽

The North Atlantic

Download Full-text

Evidence for rapid structural and functional changes of the melanophore microtubule-organizing center upon pigment movements

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.83.3.623 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 623-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

M Schliwa ◽

U Euteneuer ◽

W Herzog ◽

K Weber

Keyword(s):

Complete Removal ◽

Cell System ◽

The State ◽

Microtubule Assembly ◽

Microtubule Organizing Center ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Organizing Center ◽

Pigment Distribution ◽

And Function ◽

In Cells

Melanophores of the angelfish, pterophyllum scalare, have previously been shown to display approximately 2,400 microtubules in cells wih pigment dispersed; these microtubules radiate from a presumptive organizing center, the central apparatus (CA), and their number is reduced to approximately 1,000 in the state with aggregated pigment (M. Schliwa and U. Euteneuer, 1978, J. Supramol. Struct. 8:177-190). In an attempt to elucidate the factors controlling this rapid reorganization of the microtubule apparatus, structure and function of the CA have been investigated under different physiological conditions. As a function of the state of pigment distribution, melanophores differ markedly with respect to CA organization. A complex of dense amorphous aggregates and associated fuzzy material, several micrometers in diameter, surrounds the centrioles in cells with pigment dispersed, and numerous microtubules emanate from this complex in a radial fashion. In the aggregated state, on the other hand, few microtubules are observed in the pericentiolar region, and the amount of fibrous material is greatly reduced. These changes in CA morphology as a function of the state of pigment distribution are associated with a marked difference in its capacity to initiatiate the assembly of microtubules from exogenous pure porcine brain tubulin in lysed cell preparations. After complete removal of preexisting microtubules, cells lysed in the dispersed state into a solution of 1-2 mg/ml pure tubulin have numerous microtubules associated with the CA in radial fashion, while cells lysed in the aggregated state nucleate the assembly of only a few microtubules. We conclude that it is the activity of the CA that basically regulates the expression of microtubules. This regulation is achieved through a variation in the capacity to initiate microtubule assembly. Increase or decrease in the amount of dense material, as readily observed in the cell system studied here, seems to be a morphologic expression of such a physiologic function.

Download Full-text