An Anthropological Approach to the Contemporary Significance of Rhetoric

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-208
Author(s):  
Hans Blumenberg
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
History Of Rhetoric ◽  
German Version ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anthropological Approach

This chapter describes Hans Blumenberg's first tentative reflection on the topic of philosophical anthropology, which was “An Anthropological Approach to the Contemporary Significance of Rhetoric” (1971). This work was originally published in Italian, with its German version not appearing for another ten years. Here, Blumenberg extends his preoccupation with language by turning toward its role not just in historical systems of thought but in human behavior as such. Focusing in particular on rhetoric, that is, speech that aims to persuade rather than to express the truth, he understands it as one vital tool of existence among others for a being to whom any final truths are unavailable and whose mortality presses it to act. Ultimately, “Anthropological Approach” seeks to outline a “deep history” of rhetoric.

To Understand the Informal (on the Book BY V. L. Tambovtsev “Economics of Informal Institutions”)

2015 ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
A. Zaostrovtsev
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Informal Institutions ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Original Classification

The review considers the first attempt in the history of Russian economic thought to give a detailed analysis of informal institutions (IF). It recognizes that in general it was successful: the reader gets acquainted with the original classification of institutions (including informal ones) and their genesis. According to the reviewer the best achievement of the author is his interdisciplinary approach to the study of problems and, moreover, his bias on the achievements of social psychology because the model of human behavior in the economic mainstream is rather primitive. The book makes evident that namely this model limits the ability of economists to analyze IF. The reviewer also shares the author’s position that in the analysis of the IF genesis the economists should highlight the uncertainty and reject economic determinism. Further discussion of IF is hardly possible without referring to this book.

scholarly journals ERASMUS AND JUAN LUIS VIVES ON RHETORICAL DECORUM AND POLITICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
KAARLO HAVU
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
Rhetorical Theory ◽  
History Of Rhetoric ◽  
Rhetorical Situation ◽  
Internal Development ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of

Abstract The article analyses the emergence of decorum (appropriateness) as a central concept of rhetorical theory in the early sixteenth-century writings of Erasmus and Juan Luis Vives. In rhetorical theory, decorum shifted the emphasis from formulaic rules to their creative application in concrete cases. In doing so, it emphasized a close analysis of the rhetorical situation (above all the preferences of the audience) and underscored the persuasive possibilities of civil conversation as opposed to passionate, adversarial rhetoric. The article argues that the stress put on decorum in early sixteenth-century theory is not just an internal development in the history of rhetoric but linked to far wider questions concerning the role of rhetoric in religious and secular lives. Decorum appears as a solution both to the divisiveness of language in the context of the Reformation and dynastic warfare of the early sixteenth century and as an adaptation of the republican tradition of political rhetoric to a changed, monarchical context. Erasmus and Vives maintained that decorum not only suppressed destructive passions and discord, but that it was only through polite and civil rhetoric (or conversation) that a truly effective persuasion was possible in a vast array of contexts.

Exploring the boundaries of rhetoric

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Bonet
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Self ◽  
History Of Rhetoric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
Practical Development ◽  
The Subject

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how the boundaries of rhetoric have excluded important theoretical and practical subjects and how these subjects are recuperated and extended since the twentieth century. Its purpose is to foster the awareness on emerging new trends of rhetoric. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology is based on an interpretation of the history of rhetoric and on the construction of a conceptual framework of the rhetoric of judgment, which is introduced in this paper. Findings – On the subject of the extension of rhetoric from public speeches to any kinds of persuasive situations, the paper emphasizes some stimulating relationships between the theory of communication and rhetoric. On the exclusion and recuperation of the subject of rhetorical arguments, it presents the changing relationships between rhetoric and dialectics and emphasizes the role of rhetoric in scientific research. On the introduction of rhetoric of judgment and meanings it creates a conceptual framework based on a re-examination of the concept of judgment and the phenomenological foundations of the interpretative methods of social sciences by Alfred Schutz, relating them to symbolic interactionism and theories of the self. Originality/value – The study on the changing boundaries of rhetoric and the introduction of the rhetoric of judgment offers a new view on the present theoretical and practical development of rhetoric, which opens new subjects of research and new fields of applications.

Sons and Fathers in the Major Declamations Ascribed to Quintilian

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis A. Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
History Of Rhetoric ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Absolute Power ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
History Of

Abstract: A major focus of the school themes in the collections of Roman declamations knowrn as controversiae (practice court cases) is the period of a young man's adolescence, and especially his relationship with his father during this period. In part this can be explained because teachers in the private schools of rhetoric selected themes that naturally appealed to their students——male adolescents in their mid and late teens. This focus is especially notable in the Major Declamations, and since they are the only full examples of controversiae,the phenomenon can most easily be explored in reference to this werk. In its nineteen declamations youths are generally portrayed sympathetically, in contrast to their fathers who are often cruel and harsh. Relations between the two are generally very strained. The themes were popular because they reflected the reality of growing up in a paternally dominated society where fathers had absolute power(even of life and death) over their sons. These declamations therefore had a cathartic effect and escapist value fer Roman teenaged boys,who could vent or explore in legitimate and acceptable ways their repressed, pent-up, and often hostile feelings toward their fathers. The declamations therefore provide an important resource, when used judiciously, for associating social history with the history of rhetoric.

scholarly journals The Disputed Middle Ground: Tibetan Mādhyamikas on How to Interpret Nāgārjuna and Candrakīrti

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 991
Author(s):  
John Powers
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Middle Ground ◽  
Middle Way ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
Broad Consensus

By the twelfth century, a broad consensus had developed among Tibetan Buddhists: The Middle Way School (Madhyamaka) of Nāgārjuna (c. 2nd century), as interpreted by Candrakīrti (c. 600–650), would be normative in Tibet. However, Tibetans had inherited various trajectories of commentary on Madhyamaka, and schools of thought developed, each with a particular reading. This article will examine some of the major competing philosophical stances, focusing on three figures who represent particularly compelling interpretations, but whose understandings of Madhyamaka are profoundly divergent: Daktsang Sherap Rinchen (1405–1477), Wangchuk Dorjé, the 9th Karmapa (1556–1603), and Purchok Ngawang Jampa (1682–1762). The former two contend that Nāgārjuna’s statement “I have no thesis” (nāsti ca mama pratijñā) means exactly what it says, while the latter advocates what could be termed an “anthropological” approach: Mādhyamikas, when speaking as Mādhyamikas, only report what “the world” says, without taking any stance of their own; but their understanding of Buddhism is based on insight gained through intensive meditation training. This article will focus on how these three philosophers figure in the history of Tibetan Madhyamaka exegesis and how their respective readings of Indic texts incorporate elements of previous work while moving interpretation in new directions.

scholarly journals Recepcja osiągnięć psychologii i psychiatrii w prawie małżeńskim

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 175-190
Author(s):  
Ginter Dzierżon
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Canonical System ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Basic System ◽  
Pope John Paul Ii ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
Methodological Principles

In the presented lecture the author analyzed the issue of the reception of psychological and psychiatric achievements in the canonical system of marital canon law. On the basis of the teachings of the last Popes and the results of doctrine research, he pointed out that the adoption of the results of psychological and psychiatric research in the canonical system does not have any direct character but should be performed according, to strictly determined methodological principles. This is because any canonist attempting to adopt such achievements ought to adjust them to basic system assumptions of canon legal order. The author of the study demonstrated that such principles were clearly determined in two allocutions to Roman Rota of Pope John Paul II delivered in 1987 and 1988. The speeches of the Pope make it clear that divergence between psychology (or psychiatry) and the canon system as for the judgment of human activities results mainly from different visions of a human being adopted by the representatives of these branches of knowledge. Different anthropological approach has great impact on the assessment of human behavior and also on one’s understanding of marriage. This led the author to the conclusion that in order to unify the judgment about one’s capability to get married, much more effort should be put into developing interdisciplinary anthropology.

scholarly journals FILSAFAT SEJARAH HAMKA: Refleksi Islam dalam Perjalanan Sejarah

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Fabian Fadhly Jambak
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
History Of

<div class="Section1"><p class="Iabstrak"><strong>Abstract:</strong> <em>Understanding of the historiography of HAMKA cannot be separated from the understanding of the three elements that underlies his historical philosophy of the history of Muslims of the 13th century AD. The three elements that form the basis of the historical philosophy of HAMKA are tawheed </em>(<em>tawḥīd</em>)<em>, moral </em>(<em>akhlāq</em>)<em> and intelligence </em>(‘<em>aql</em>).<em> This paper intends to reveal the historical philosophy of HAMKA and its underlying elements. The method used in this paper is a normative method with an analytical approach. Normative is used to describe and narrate the views of the historical philosophy of HAMKA, which is influenced by various views of his life reflected through his literature (sastra), tafsir, and history </em>(<em>historiography</em>)<em>. Analytical is used to provide views or responses related to the points of thought within the scope of historical philosophy. This study finds that Historical Philosophy of HAMKA affirms that tawheed, moral, and intelligence are inseparable part of seeing an event which became known as history. Tawheed is shown by the human resignation as God's creature that the events that happen to him are the proper circumstances. Intelligence shows the character of man as a being who can contemplate every event that occurs in his life. Moral leads man to understand that an event is not only determined by the side of Tawheed and Intelligence, but also by the Morals who have a function to regulate human behavior how it should behave in every historical event, with the intention to acquire ibrah </em>(l<em>esson</em>).</p><p class="Iabstrak"><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Pemahaman terhadap historiografi HAMKA tidak dapat dilepaskan dari pemahaman tiga unsur yang mendasari filsafat sejarahnya tentang sejarah umat Islam abad 13-20 Masehi. Tiga unsur yang menjadi dasar filsafat sejarah HAMKA yaitu tauhid, akhlak dan akal. Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk mengungkap filsafat sejarah HAMKA beserta unsur-unsur yang mendasarinya. Metode yang di­gunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah metode normatif dengan pendekatan analitis. Nor­matif digunakan untuk memberikan gambaran dan menarasikan pandangan-pandangan filsafat sejarah HAMKA, yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam pandangan hidupnya yang tercermin melalui karya satra, tafsir dan sejarahnya (historiografi). Analitis digunakan untuk memberikan pandangan atau tanggapan terkait pokok-pokok pikirannya dalam ruang lingkup filsafat sejarah. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa filsafat sejarah HAMKA meneguhkan bahwa tauhid, akhlak, dan akal merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dalam melihat suatu peristiwa yang kemudian dikenal dengan sejarah. Tauhid ditunjuk­kan dengan keberserahan manusia sebagai makhluk Allah bahwa peristiwa yang ter­jadi kepadanya merupakan keadaan yang semestinya terjadi. Akal me­nunjuk­kan ciri manusia sebagai mahkluk yang dapat merenungi setiap peristiwa yang terjadi dalam kehidupannya. Akhlak mengarahkan manusia untuk me­mahami bahwa suatu peristiwa tidak hanya ditentukan oleh sisi Tauhid dan Akal, melainkan juga oleh Akhlak yang memiliki fungsi untuk mengatur perilaku manusia bagaimana seharusnya bersikap dalam setiap peristiwa sejarah, dengan maksud untuk memeperoleh <em>ibrah </em>(pelajaran).</p></div><p class="Iabstrak"> </p>

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