scholarly journals How are topics born? Understanding the research dynamics preceding the emergence of new areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo A. Salatino ◽  
Francesco Osborne ◽  
Enrico Motta
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Embryonic Stage ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Institutional Funding ◽  
Community Of Researchers ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
New Research

The ability to promptly recognise new research trends is strategic for many stakeholders, including universities, institutional funding bodies, academic publishers and companies. While the literature describes several approaches which aim to identify the emergence of new research topics early in their lifecycle, these rely on the assumption that the topic in question is already associated with a number of publications and consistently referred to by a community of researchers. Hence, detecting the emergence of a new research area at an embryonic stage, i.e., before the topic has been consistently labelled by a community of researchers and associated with a number of publications, is still an open challenge. In this paper, we begin to address this challenge by performing a study of the dynamics preceding the creation of new topics. This study indicates that the emergence of a new topic is anticipated by a significant increase in the pace of collaboration between relevant research areas, which can be seen as the ‘parents’ of the new topic. These initial findings (i) confirm our hypothesis that it is possible in principle to detect the emergence of a new topic at the embryonic stage, (ii) provide new empirical evidence supporting relevant theories in Philosophy of Science, and also (iii) suggest that new topics tend to emerge in an environment in which weakly interconnected research areas begin to cross-fertilise.

scholarly journals How are topics born? Understanding the research dynamics preceding the emergence of new areas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo A Salatino ◽  
Francesco Osborne ◽  
Enrico Motta
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Institutional Funding ◽  
New Research

The ability to recognise new research trends early is strategic for many stakeholders, such as academics, institutional funding bodies, academic publishers and companies. While the state of the art presents several works on the identification of novel research topics, detecting the emergence of a new research area at a very early stage, i.e., when the area has not been even explicitly labelled and is associated with very few publications, is still an open challenge. This limitation hinders the ability of the aforementioned stakeholders to timely react to the emergence of new areas in the research landscape. In this paper, we address this issue by hypothesising the existence of an embryonic stage for research topics and by suggesting that topics in this phase can actually be detected by analysing diachronically the co-occurrence graph of already established topics. To confirm our hypothesis, we performed a study of the dynamics preceding the creation of novel topics. This analysis showed that the emergence of new topics is actually anticipated by a significant increase of the pace of collaboration and density in the co-occurrence graphs of related research areas. These findings are very relevant to a number of research communities and stakeholders. Firstly, they confirm the existence of an embryonic phase in the development of research topics and suggest that it might be possible to perform very early detection of research topics by taking into account the aforementioned dynamics. Secondly, they bring new empirical evidence to related theories in Philosophy of Science. Finally, they suggest that significant new topics tend to emerge in an environment in which previously less interconnected research areas start cross-fertilising.

scholarly journals How are topics born? Understanding the research dynamics preceding the emergence of new areas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo A Salatino ◽  
Francesco Osborne ◽  
Enrico Motta
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Institutional Funding ◽  
New Research

The ability to recognise new research trends early is strategic for many stakeholders, such as academics, institutional funding bodies, academic publishers and companies. While the state of the art presents several works on the identification of novel research topics, detecting the emergence of a new research area at a very early stage, i.e., when the area has not been even explicitly labelled and is associated with very few publications, is still an open challenge. This limitation hinders the ability of the aforementioned stakeholders to timely react to the emergence of new areas in the research landscape. In this paper, we address this issue by hypothesising the existence of an embryonic stage for research topics and by suggesting that topics in this phase can actually be detected by analysing diachronically the co-occurrence graph of already established topics. To confirm our hypothesis, we performed a study of the dynamics preceding the creation of novel topics. This analysis showed that the emergence of new topics is actually anticipated by a significant increase of the pace of collaboration and density in the co-occurrence graphs of related research areas. These findings are very relevant to a number of research communities and stakeholders. Firstly, they confirm the existence of an embryonic phase in the development of research topics and suggest that it might be possible to perform very early detection of research topics by taking into account the aforementioned dynamics. Secondly, they bring new empirical evidence to related theories in Philosophy of Science. Finally, they suggest that significant new topics tend to emerge in an environment in which previously less interconnected research areas start cross-fertilising.

scholarly journals How are topics born? Understanding the research dynamics preceding the emergence of new areas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo A Salatino ◽  
Francesco Osborne ◽  
Enrico Motta
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Institutional Funding ◽  
New Research

The ability to recognise new research trends early is strategic for many stakeholders, such as academics, institutional funding bodies, academic publishers and companies. While the state of the art presents several works on the identification of novel research topics, detecting the emergence of a new research area at a very early stage, i.e., when the area has not been even explicitly labelled and is associated with very few publications, is still an open challenge. This limitation hinders the ability of the aforementioned stakeholders to timely react to the emergence of new areas in the research landscape. In this paper, we address this issue by hypothesising the existence of an embryonic stage for research topics and by suggesting that topics in this phase can actually be detected by analysing diachronically the co-occurrence graph of already established topics. To confirm our hypothesis, we performed a study of the dynamics preceding the creation of novel topics. This analysis showed that the emergence of new topics is actually anticipated by a significant increase of the pace of collaboration and density in the co-occurrence graphs of related research areas. These findings are very relevant to a number of research communities and stakeholders. Firstly, they confirm the existence of an embryonic phase in the development of research topics and suggest that it might be possible to perform very early detection of research topics by taking into account the aforementioned dynamics. Secondly, they bring new empirical evidence to related theories in Philosophy of Science. Finally, they suggest that significant new topics tend to emerge in an environment in which previously less interconnected research areas start cross-fertilising.

scholarly journals How are topics born? Understanding the research dynamics preceding the emergence of new areas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo A Salatino ◽  
Francesco Osborne ◽  
Enrico Motta
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Institutional Funding ◽  
New Research

The ability to recognise new research trends early is strategic for many stakeholders, such as academics, institutional funding bodies, academic publishers and companies. While the state of the art presents several works on the identification of novel research topics, detecting the emergence of a new research area at a very early stage, i.e., when the area has not been even explicitly labelled and is associated with very few publications, is still an open challenge. This limitation hinders the ability of the aforementioned stakeholders to timely react to the emergence of new areas in the research landscape. In this paper, we address this issue by hypothesising the existence of an embryonic stage for research topics and by suggesting that topics in this phase can actually be detected by analysing diachronically the co-occurrence graph of already established topics. To confirm our hypothesis, we performed a study of the dynamics preceding the creation of novel topics. This analysis showed that the emergence of new topics is actually anticipated by a significant increase of the pace of collaboration and density in the co-occurrence graphs of related research areas. These findings are very relevant to a number of research communities and stakeholders. Firstly, they confirm the existence of an embryonic phase in the development of research topics and suggest that it might be possible to perform very early detection of research topics by taking into account the aforementioned dynamics. Secondly, they bring new empirical evidence to related theories in Philosophy of Science. Finally, they suggest that significant new topics tend to emerge in an environment in which previously less interconnected research areas start cross-fertilising.

scholarly journals CSO Classifier 3.0: a scalable unsupervised method for classifying documents in terms of research topics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Salatino ◽  
Francesco Osborne ◽  
Enrico Motta
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Unsupervised Approach

AbstractClassifying scientific articles, patents, and other documents according to the relevant research topics is an important task, which enables a variety of functionalities, such as categorising documents in digital libraries, monitoring and predicting research trends, and recommending papers relevant to one or more topics. In this paper, we present the latest version of the CSO Classifier (v3.0), an unsupervised approach for automatically classifying research papers according to the Computer Science Ontology (CSO), a comprehensive taxonomy of research areas in the field of Computer Science. The CSO Classifier takes as input the textual components of a research paper (usually title, abstract, and keywords) and returns a set of research topics drawn from the ontology. This new version includes a new component for discarding outlier topics and offers improved scalability. We evaluated the CSO Classifier on a gold standard of manually annotated articles, demonstrating a significant improvement over alternative methods. We also present an overview of applications adopting the CSO Classifier and describe how it can be adapted to other fields.

scholarly journals A Scientometric Analysis of Publications Related to Predictive Medicine

2020 ◽  
pp. paper81-1-paper81-12
Author(s):  
Aida Khakimova ◽  
Dongxiao Gu ◽  
Oleg Zolotarev ◽  
Maria Berberova ◽  
Michael Charnine
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Preventive And Personalized Medicine ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Personalized Medicine

Due to the increasing popularity of new research in medicine thisstudy was conducted to determine recent research trends of predictive, preventive and personalized medicine (PPM). We identified the terms relevant to PPM using own search engine based on neural network processing in PubMed database. We extracted initially about 15000 articles. Then we carried out the statistical analysis for identifying research trends. The article presents the results of solving the problem of evaluating research topics at the level of thematic clusters in a separate subject area. An approach based on the analysis of article titles has been implemented. Identification of terms, connections between them and thematic clustering were carried out using the free software VOSViewer, which allows to extract terms in the form of noun phrases, as well as to cluster them.

Intelligence in Web Technology

2013 ◽  
pp. 739-757
Author(s):  
Sourav Maitra ◽  
A. C. Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Web Technology ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Computer Science Research ◽  
E Learning ◽  
New Research

End users also start days with Internet. This has become the scenario. One of the most burgeoning needs of computer science research is research on web technologies and intelligence, as that has become one of the most emerging nowadays. A big area of other research areas like e-marketing, e-learning, e-governance, searching technologies, et cetera will be highly benefited if intelligence can be added to the Web. The objective of this chapter is to create a clear understanding of Web technology research and highlight the ways to implement Semantic Web. The chapter also discusses the tools and technologies that can be applied to develop Semantic Web. This new research area needs enough care as sometimes data are open. Thus, software engineering issues are also a focus.

scholarly journals A Review on the Mechanism, Impacts and Control Methods of Membrane Fouling in MBR System

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianjun Du ◽  
Yaoke Shi ◽  
Veeriah Jegatheesan ◽  
Izaz Ul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Residual Sludge ◽  
Mechanism Control ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Control

Compared with the traditional activated sludge process, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) has many advantages, such as good effluent quality, small floor space, low residual sludge yield and easy automatic control. It has a promising prospect in wastewater treatment and reuse. However, membrane fouling is the biggest obstacle to the wide application of MBR. This paper aims at summarizing the new research progress of membrane fouling mechanism, control, prediction and detection in the MBR systems. Classification, mechanism, influencing factors and control of membrane fouling, membrane life prediction and online monitoring of membrane fouling are discussed. The research trends of relevant research areas in MBR membrane fouling are prospected.

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of Moxibustion Research Trends Over the Past 20 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyejin Park ◽  
In-Seon Lee ◽  
Hyangsook Lee ◽  
Younbyoung Chae
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Journal Title ◽  
Link Strength ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Bibliometric Approach

Objectives: A bibliometric approach using network analysis was applied to identify the development and research trends for moxibustion. This study also examined the network hub of moxibustion research by investigating the collaborative work of organizations and authors. Methods: Academic articles on moxibustion research published from 2000 to 2019 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. Extracted records were analyzed according to publication year, research area, journal title, country, organization, and authors. The VOSviewer program was utilized to visualize the trends in moxibustion research and to explore the influential organizations and authors. Results: Analyses of 1146 original and review articles written in English demonstrated that the number of publications related to moxibustion research has increased consistently over the last 20 years. China issued the most articles in this field, and the most represented research area was integrative complementary medicine. A network analysis based on the co-occurrence and publication year of keywords identified the relevant characteristics and trends of moxibustion research. By assessing the total link strength of organizations and authors, influential organizations and authors who have contributed to moxibustion research were identified. Conclusions: The current study examined research on moxibustion using bibliometric analysis and identified a time-based development of moxibustion research and a global network hub of moxibustion research.

Laser Assisted Machining: An Overview

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (4B) ◽  
pp. 766-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chryssolouris ◽  
N. Anifantis ◽  
S. Karagiannis
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Laser Machining ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Laser Technology ◽  
Laser Assisted Machining ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potential Applications

Since laser technology has considerable synergy with machining technologies, Laser Machining (LM) and Laser Assisted Machining (LAM) are relevant research topics. This paper attempts to give an overview of recent developments and research trends. Although scientific work on this area has contributed to the understanding of the process, there are still unresolved problems regarding the limitations of the techniques, optimum machining conditions, etc. The outcome of experimental investigations on LAM shows potential applications for this process but there are several issues to be resolved.

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