Human-robot interaction: the impact of robotic aesthetics on anticipated human trust

Background Human senses have evolved to recognise sensory cues. Beyond our perception, they play an integral role in our emotional processing, learning, and interpretation. They are what help us to sculpt our everyday experiences and can be triggered by aesthetics to form the foundations of our interactions with each other and our surroundings. In terms of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), robots have the possibility to interact with both people and environments given their senses. They can offer the attributes of human characteristics, which in turn can make the interchange with technology a more appealing and admissible experience. However, for many reasons, people still do not seem to trust and accept robots. Trust is expressed as a person’s ability to accept the potential risks associated with participating alongside an entity such as a robot. Whilst trust is an important factor in building relationships with robots, the presence of uncertainties can add an additional dimension to the decision to trust a robot. In order to begin to understand how to build trust with robots and reverse the negative ideology, this paper examines the influences of aesthetic design techniques on the human ability to trust robots. Method This paper explores the potential that robots have unique opportunities to improve their facilities for empathy, emotion, and social awareness beyond their more cognitive functionalities. Through conducting an online questionnaire distributed globally, we explored participants ability and acceptance in trusting the Canbot U03 robot. Participants were presented with a range of visual questions which manipulated the robot’s facial screen and asked whether or not they would trust the robot. A selection of questions aimed at putting participants in situations where they were required to establish whether or not to trust a robot’s responses based solely on the visual appearance. We accomplished this by manipulating different design elements of the robots facial and chest screens, which influenced the human-robot interaction. Results We found that certain facial aesthetics seem to be more trustworthy than others, such as a cartoon face versus a human face, and that certain visual variables (i.e., blur) afforded uncertainty more than others. Consequentially, this paper reports that participant’s uncertainties of the visualisations greatly influenced their willingness to accept and trust the robot. The results of introducing certain anthropomorphic characteristics emphasised the participants embrace of the uncanny valley theory, where pushing the degree of human likeness introduced a thin line between participants accepting robots and not. By understanding what manipulation of design elements created the aesthetic effect that triggered the affective processes, this paper further enriches our knowledge of how we might design for certain emotions, feelings, and ultimately more socially acceptable and trusting robotic experiences.

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Robo Ludens

ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction ◽

10.1145/3451343 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 1-28

Author(s):

John Edison MUñOZ ◽

Kerstin Dautenhahn

Keyword(s):

Human Behavior ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Game Design ◽

Research Community ◽

Human Robot Interaction ◽

Multiplayer Games ◽

Robot Interaction ◽

Design Elements ◽

Comprehensive List ◽

Suitable Solution

The use of games as vehicles to study human-robot interaction (HRI) has been established as a suitable solution to create more realistic and naturalistic opportunities to investigate human behavior. In particular, multiplayer games that involve at least two human players and one or more robots have raised the attention of the research community. This article proposes a scoping review to qualitatively examine the literature on the use of multiplayer games in HRI scenarios employing embodied robots aiming to find experimental patterns and common game design elements. We find that researchers have been using multiplayer games in a wide variety of applications in HRI, including training, entertainment and education, allowing robots to take different roles. Moreover, robots have included different capabilities and sensing technologies, and elements such as external screens or motion controllers were used to foster gameplay. Based on our findings, we propose a design taxonomy called Robo Ludens, which identifies HRI elements and game design fundamentals and classifies important components used in multiplayer HRI scenarios. The Robo Ludens taxonomy covers considerations from a robot-oriented perspective as well as game design aspects to provide a comprehensive list of elements that can foster gameplay and bring enjoyable experiences in HRI scenarios.

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Validating extended neglect tolerance model for human robot interactions in humanoid soccer robots

Robotica ◽

10.1017/s0263574710000251 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 421-432 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. E. Mohan ◽

W. S. Wijesoma ◽

C. A. A. Calderon ◽

C. J. Zhou

Keyword(s):

False Alarm ◽

Task Complexity ◽

Human Robot Interaction ◽

False Alarms ◽

Robot Interaction ◽

Tolerance Model ◽

Robot Performance ◽

Robot Tasks ◽

The Impact ◽

Soccer Robots

SUMMARYEstimating robot performance in human robot teams is a vital problem in human robot interaction community. In a previous work, we presented extended neglect tolerance model for estimation of robot performance, where the human operator switches control between robots sequentially based on acceptable performance levels, taking into account any false alarms in human robot interactions. Task complexity is a key parameter that directly impacts the robot performance as well as the false alarms occurrences. In this paper, we validate the extended neglect tolerance model for two robot tasks of varying complexity levels. We also present the impact of task complexity on robot performance estimations and false alarms demands. Experiments were performed with real and virtual humanoid soccer robots across tele-operated and semi-autonomous modes of autonomy. Measured false alarm demand and robot performances were largely consistent with the extended neglect tolerance model predictions for both real and virtual robot experiments. Experiments also showed that the task complexity is directly proportional to false alarm demands and inversely proportional to robot performance.

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An Immersive Investment Game to Study Human-Robot Trust

Frontiers in Robotics and AI ◽

10.3389/frobt.2021.644529 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Sebastian Zörner ◽

Emy Arts ◽

Brenda Vasiljevic ◽

Ankit Srivastava ◽

Florian Schmalzl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Science Fiction ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Space Mission ◽

Verbal Communication ◽

Human Robot Interaction ◽

Robot Interaction ◽

Investment Game ◽

Robot Perception ◽

The Impact ◽

Human Robot Collaboration

As robots become more advanced and capable, developing trust is an important factor of human-robot interaction and cooperation. However, as multiple environmental and social factors can influence trust, it is important to develop more elaborate scenarios and methods to measure human-robot trust. A widely used measurement of trust in social science is the investment game. In this study, we propose a scaled-up, immersive, science fiction Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) scenario for intrinsic motivation on human-robot collaboration, built upon the investment game and aimed at adapting the investment game for human-robot trust. For this purpose, we utilize two Neuro-Inspired COmpanion (NICO) - robots and a projected scenery. We investigate the applicability of our space mission experiment design to measure trust and the impact of non-verbal communication. We observe a correlation of 0.43 (p=0.02) between self-assessed trust and trust measured from the game, and a positive impact of non-verbal communication on trust (p=0.0008) and robot perception for anthropomorphism (p=0.007) and animacy (p=0.00002). We conclude that our scenario is an appropriate method to measure trust in human-robot interaction and also to study how non-verbal communication influences a human’s trust in robots.

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The Impact of Brand Trust on Physician’s Prescription Decision Towards Prothrombin Complex Concentrate with a Special Reference to Octaplex®

Asian Social Science ◽

10.5539/ass.v15n10p1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

D. R. G. Perera ◽

W. M. C. Bandara Wanninayake

Keyword(s):

Relationship Marketing ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Brand Trust ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Integral Role ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Management of Hemostasis is an integral role for any Intensivist in assurance of recovery of a hemorrhage patient who is often treated in an ICU, and building trust of a product segment related to such vital treatment will undoubtedly hold an utmost importance. Yet in researches and articles in current Medical Marketing setup it is found to be very limited, and in the case of Biological and Bio-Similar Marketing its almost non-existence. The purpose of this research paper is to investigate and prove the significant positive impact of Brand Trust on Physicians Prescription Decision and Moderation impact powered by the synergy of Relationship Marketing. The research consists of data which was collected via online questionnaire and captured the data required from the target sample cohort which is distributed via respective specialized academic colleges of their representation through email and filed online by the participants of quantitative research. Moreover, two of the main key opinion leaders (KOLs) were interviewed and qualitative data were summarized. The collected data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) procedures to reach meaningful conclusions. Thereby the study proves the significant positive impact of Brand Trust on Physicians Prescription Decision and Moderation impact which synergized by Relationship Marketing. The study is an original contribution to the field of Marketing in Biological and Pharmaceutical Industry. The proposed relationships are based on Brand Trust, Physician’s Prescription Decision and Relationship Marketing. Furthermore, the Moderating effect of Relationship Marketing on the relationship between Brand Trust and Physician’s Prescription Decision is unique to this study.

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Empirical Aesthetics, Computational Cognitive Modeling, and Experimental Phenomenology: Methodological remarks on “Shaping and Co-Shaping Forms of Vitality in Music: Beyond Cognitivist and Emotivist Approaches to Musical Expressiveness” by Jin Hyun Kim

Empirical Musicology Review ◽

10.18061/emr.v8i3-4.3939 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (3-4) ◽

pp. 178

Author(s):

Uwe Seifert

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Modeling ◽

Emotional Processing ◽

Affective Computing ◽

Human Robot Interaction ◽

Empirical Adequacy ◽

Robot Interaction ◽

Experimental Phenomenology ◽

Computational Cognitive Modeling ◽

The Mind ◽

Near Future

The core ideas of the proposed framework for empirical aesthetics are interpreted as focusing on processes, interaction, and phenomenological experience. This commentary first touches on some methodological impediments to developing theories of processing and interaction, and emphasizes the necessity of computational cognitive modeling using robots to test the empirical adequacy of such theories. Further, the importance of developing and integrating phenomenological methods into current experimental research is stressed, using experimental phenomenology as reference. Situated cognition, affective computing, human-robot interaction research, computational cognitive modeling and social and cultural neuroscience are noted as providing relevant insight into the empirical adequacy of current theories of cognitive and emotional processing. In the near future these fields will have a stimulating impact on empirical aesthetics and research on music and the mind.

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Joint action with iCub: a successful adaptation of a paradigm of cognitive neuroscience in HRI

10.31234/osf.io/zer3w ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jairo Pérez-Osorio ◽

Davide De Tommaso ◽

Ebru Baykara ◽

Agnieszka Wykowska

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Psychology ◽

Human Brain ◽

Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

Human Robot Interaction ◽

Human Cognition ◽

Social Environments ◽

Social Signals ◽

Robot Interaction ◽

Robot Behavior ◽

The Impact

Robots will soon enter social environments shared with humans. We need robots that are able to efficiently convey social signals during interactions. At the same time, we need to understand the impact of robots’ behavior on the human brain. For this purpose, human behavioral and neural responses to the robot behavior should be quantified offering feedback on how to improve and adjust robot behavior. Under this premise, our approach is to use methods of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience to assess the human’s reception of a robot in human-robot interaction protocols. As an example of this approach, we report an adaptation of a classical paradigm of experimental cognitive psychology to a naturalistic human- robot interaction scenario. We show the feasibility of such an approach with a validation pilot study, which demonstrated that our design yielded a similar pattern of data to what has been previously observed in experiments within the area of cognitive psychology. Our approach allows for addressing specific mechanisms of human cognition that are elicited during human-robot interaction, and thereby, in a longer-term perspective, it will allow for designing robots that are well- attuned to the workings of the human brain.

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A Comparative Study on the Effect of Mechanical Compliance for a Safe Physical Human–Robot Interaction

Journal of Mechanical Design ◽

10.1115/1.4046068 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yu She ◽

Siyang Song ◽

Hai-Jun Su ◽

Junmin Wang

Keyword(s):

Impact Force ◽

Variable Stiffness ◽

Human Robot Interaction ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Robot Dynamics ◽

Robot Interaction ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Mechanical Compliance ◽

Maximum Impact Force ◽

The Impact

Abstract In this paper, we study the effects of mechanical compliance on safety in physical human–robot interaction (pHRI). More specifically, we compare the effect of joint compliance and link compliance on the impact force assuming a contact occurred between a robot and a human head. We first establish pHRI system models that are composed of robot dynamics, an impact contact model, and head dynamics. These models are validated by Simscape simulation. By comparing impact results with a robotic arm made of a compliant link (CL) and compliant joint (CJ), we conclude that the CL design produces a smaller maximum impact force given the same lateral stiffness as well as other physical and geometric parameters. Furthermore, we compare the variable stiffness joint (VSJ) with the variable stiffness link (VSL) for various actuation parameters and design parameters. While decreasing stiffness of CJs cannot effectively reduce the maximum impact force, CL design is more effective in reducing impact force by varying the link stiffness. We conclude that the CL design potentially outperforms the CJ design in addressing safety in pHRI and can be used as a promising alternative solution to address the safety constraints in pHRI.

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V2SOM: A Novel Safety Mechanism Dedicated to a Cobot’s Rotary Joints

Robotics ◽

10.3390/robotics8010018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 18 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Younsse Ayoubi ◽

Med Laribi ◽

Said Zeghloul ◽

Marc Arsicault

Keyword(s):

Good Control ◽

Variable Stiffness ◽

Human Robot Interaction ◽

Industrial Robots ◽

Necessary Condition ◽

Physical Interaction ◽

Robot Interaction ◽

Internal Damage ◽

Low Stiffness ◽

The Impact

Unlike “classical” industrial robots, collaborative robots, known as cobots, implement a compliant behavior. Cobots ensure a safe force control in a physical interaction scenario within unknown environments. In this paper, we propose to make serial robots intrinsically compliant to guarantee safe physical human–robot interaction (pHRI), via our novel designed device called V2SOM, which stands for Variable Stiffness Safety-Oriented Mechanism. As its name indicates, V2SOM aims at making physical human–robot interaction safe, thanks to its two basic functioning modes—high stiffness mode and low stiffness mode. The first mode is employed for normal operational routines. In contrast, the low stiffness mode is suitable for the safe absorption of any potential blunt shock with a human. The transition between the two modes is continuous to maintain a good control of the V2SOM-based cobot in the case of a fast collision. V2SOM presents a high inertia decoupling capacity which is a necessary condition for safe pHRI without compromising the robot’s dynamic performances. Two safety criteria of pHRI were considered for performance evaluations, namely, the impact force (ImpF) criterion and the head injury criterion (HIC) for, respectively, the external and internal damage evaluation during blunt shocks.

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