scholarly journals Germination pretreatments to break hard-seed dormancy in Astragalus cicer L. (Fabaceae)

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Statwick
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Population Viability ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Astragalus Cicer

Conservationists often propagate rare species to improve their long-term population viability. However, seed dormancy can make propagation efforts challenging by substantially lowering seed germination. Here I statistically compare several pretreatment options for seeds of Astragalus cicer L.: unscarified controls and scarification via physical damage, hot water, acid, and hydrogen peroxide. Although only 30% of unscarified seeds germinated, just physical scarification significantly improved germination, whereas one treatment, hot water, resulted in no germination at all. I recommend that rare species of Astragalus, as well as other hard-seeded legumes, be pretreated using physical scarification. Other methods may require considerable optimization, wasting precious time and seeds.

Breaking hard seed dormancy in diverse accessions of five wild Vigna species by hot water and mechanical scarification

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.R. Wang ◽  
J. Hanson ◽  
Y.W. Mariam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Vigna Species

scholarly journals 341 Overcoming Seed Dormancy in Winecups, Callirhoe involucrata

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 450F-451
Author(s):  
Dianne Oakley ◽  
Julie Laufmann ◽  
James Klett ◽  
Harrison Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Boiling Water ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
A Minor

Propagation of Winecups [Callirhoe involucrata (Torrey & A. Gray)] for use as a landscape ornamental has been impeded by a lack of understanding of the seed dormancy and a practical method for overcoming it. As with many members of the Malvaceae family, C. involucrata produces hard seed. In the populations tested, it accounted for 90% of an average sample. Impermeability, however, is not the only limiting factor to germination. Three disparate populations of seed, representing two different collection years have been investigated using moist pre-chilling, boiling water, leaching, gibberellic acid, hydrogen peroxide and mechanical and chemical scarification methods. Scarifying in concentrated sulfuric acid stimulates germination of some seed fractions and causes embryonic damage in others, suggesting variation in seed coat thickness. Similar results were obtained using a pressurized air-scarifier; the hard seed coat of some seed fractions were precisely scarified while others were physically damaged using the same psi/time treatment. Placing seed in boiling water increases germination from 4%, 7%, and 18 % to 23%, 25%, and 77% in the three populations, respectively. Leaching for 24/48 h in cold (18 °C) aerated water or for 24 h in warm (40 °C) aerated water showed only a minor increase over the control. Pre-chilling at 5 °C for 30, 60, and 90 days showed no improvement over the control. Gibberellic acid-soaked blotters improved germination at 400 ppm to 20%, 10%, and 41%; at 500 ppm germination was reduced. Soaking seed for 24 h in a 3% concentration of hydrogen peroxide did not effect germination; at a 30% concentration germination was reduced. The considerable variation in seed dormancy expression may be a function of differences in environmental factors during development or seed age.

scholarly journals SEED DORMANCY BREAKING TREATMENTS FORAFRICAN PURSLANE (Zaleya pentandra)

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MUNAWAR ◽  
M. NAEEM ◽  
H.H. ALI ◽  
M. JAMIL ◽  
M. IQBAL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Seed Scarification

ABSTRACT Understanding the mechanisms involved in releasing seed dormancy is crucial for effective plant management and renewal of species in the arid zone. Zaleya pentandra is an emerging invasive weed of the arid areas of Pakistan. We investigated the effects of different dormancy breaking treatments on the germination of Z. pentandra seeds. Seeds were treated with hot water (by placing them in boiling water for 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min), dry heat (by placing them in a preheated oven at 70 oC for 1, 2, and 4 hours; at 70 oC for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days, and at 200 oC for 5, 10, 15, 30, and 45 min) and stratification (by placing them at 2-5 ºC in a refrigerator for 5, 10, 30, and 60 min; for 3, 6, and 12 hours, and for 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, and 30 days). Seeds also were soaked in thiourea ([(NH2)2CS] (0, 2,500, 5,000, 7,500, and 10,000 mg L-1 for 24 h at 30 oC) and in KNO3 (0, 10,000, 20,000, 30,000, 40,000, 50,000, and 60,000 mg L-1 for 24 h at 30 oC). Additionally, seeds were scarified with HCl (for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 h), HNO3 (for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 h), and H2SO4 (for 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 min at 30 oC) and also mechanically scarified with sandpaper. Zaleya pentandra seeds showed typical signs of hard seed coat dormancy. Mechanical scarification and acid treatments promoted seed germination to a varying degree. Seed scarification with HNO3 for 12 to 18 h as well as with HCl for 12 h and 15 h was efficient in breaking dormancy of Z. pentandra seeds, providing germination up to 92.5%. Seed scarification with H2SO4 from 20 to 120 min showed little effect, whereas hot water, dry heat, stratification and various concentrations of thiourea and KNO3 were ineffective in breaking Z. pentandra seed dormancy.

Seed treatments alleviate dormancy of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensisL.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 564-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renci Xiong ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Hanwen Wu ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
Weili Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Radicle Growth ◽  
Field Bindweed ◽  
Breaking Seed Dormancy

AbstractField bindweed, a member of the Convolvulaceae family, is a problematic perennial weed in cotton fields and orchards in northwest China. The species exhibits strong seed dormancy, causing delayed germination. A clear understanding of the mechanisms involved in alleviating seed dormancy is important for effective plant propagation and successful management of field bindweed. Experiments were conducted to investigate seed germination and radicle growth of field bindweed by breaking seed dormancy using mechanical scarification, sulfuric acid, hot-water scarification, cold stratification, and chemical treatment. Chemical treatments (gibberellic acid or potassium nitrate) had no effect on breaking seed dormancy, whereas mechanical scarification (sandpaper and blade) resulted in 92% to 98% seed germination, indicating that seed dormancy of field bindweed was mainly due to the presence of a hard seed coat. Seeds pretreated with 80% sulfuric acid for 15 to 60 min or 98% sulfuric acid for 15 to 30 min had germination rates above 80%, and soaking seeds in 70 C water for 4 to 16 min or in boiling water for 5 to 20s were effective in breaking seed dormancy but had no effect on the radicle growth of field bindweed. Cold stratification at 5 C for 2 to 8wk partially accelerated seed dormancy release, resulting in 53% to 67% seed germination. Results indicated that field bindweed could potentially form a persistent soil seed bank with physically dormant seed; therefore, strategies for eliminating seed production should be adopted.

scholarly journals Exogenous Ethylene Precursors and Hydrogen Peroxide Aid in Early Seed Dormancy Release in Sweet Cherry

2021 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Michael Stein ◽  
Corina Serban ◽  
Per McCord
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Exogenous Ethylene

Seeds of sweet cherry (Prunus avium) possess a strong endodormancy response that traditionally requires months of stratification before germination can occur. Accelerating artificial dormancy release could be an important aspect of improving progress in a sweet cherry breeding program by increasing the first season growth period. In this study, seeds were exogenously treated with ethephon, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), kinetin, hydrogen peroxide, and acidified nitrite to attempt to induce germination with reduced stratification times. Findings showed that ethephon, ACC, and hydrogen peroxide all significantly increase early seed germination rates. Stratification time had the largest effect on increasing germinations, with significantly higher germination percentages accompanying increased stratification times that plateaued at 3 months of stratification. Stratification is vital for proper seedling development because plants grown from seeds with no stratification are significantly shorter and have reduced internode lengths compared with seeds with 4 weeks of stratification.

Dormancy breakage in Cercis chinensis seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 666-673
Author(s):  
Yunpeng Gao ◽  
Mingwei Zhu ◽  
Qiuyue Ma ◽  
Shuxian Li
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Hard Seed Coat

The seeds of Cercis chinensis Bunge are important for reproduction and propagation, but strong dormancy controls their germination. To elucidate the causes of seed dormancy in C. chinensis, we investigated the permeability of the hard seed coat and the contribution of the endosperm to physical dormancy, and we examined the effect of extracts from the seed coat and endosperm. In addition, the effectiveness of scarification methods to break seed dormancy was compared. Cercis chinensis seeds exhibited physical and physiological dormancy. The hard seed coat played an important role in limiting water uptake, and the endosperm acted as a physical barrier that restricted embryo development in imbibed seeds. Germination percentage of Chinese cabbage [Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt] seeds was reduced from 98% (control) to 28.3% and 56.7% with a seed-coat extract and an endosperm extract, respectively. This demonstrated that both the seed coat and endosperm contained endogenous inhibitors, but the seed-coat extract resulted in stronger inhibition. Mechanical scarification, thermal scarification, and chemical scarification had positive effects on C. chinensis seed germination. Soaking non-scarified seeds in gibberellic acid (GA3) solution did not promote germination; however, treatment with exogenous GA3 following scarification significantly improved germination. The optimal method for promoting C. chinensis seed germination was soaking scarified seeds in 500 mg·L−1 GA3 for 24 h followed by cold stratification at 5 °C for 2 mo.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perlakuan Pencelupan Dan Perendaman Terhadap Perkecambahan Benih Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L.)

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marthen Marthen ◽  
Elizabet Kaya ◽  
Herman Rehatta
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Two Factors

In developing productive forests, seeds play a crucial role. The seeds of forests tree have physical condition of hard seed coat, especially Leguminoceae family. Silvicultural techniques that can overcome seed coat dormancy are dyeing and submersion of seeds. The knowledge and experience in breaking seed dormancy of Sengon (Paracerianthes falcataria L.) is rare, therefore it is necessary to study how to overcome seed dormancy. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dyeing and submersion treatments to overcome seed dormancy of Sengon seed to improve its viability. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors: namely Seed (Factor A), dipped in hot water at 60 º C for (A0 = Control, A1 = 2 minutes, A2 = 4 minutes, A3 = 6 minutes), Factor B, seeds soaked in cold water: (B0 = control, B1 = 6 hours of soaking, B2 = 12 hours, B3 = 18 hours, B4 = 24 hours). The parameters observed were germination percentage, germination rate and vigor index. The results showed that among all parameters observed the interaction of factors A1B2, A2B2 and A3B2 were the best treatment for germination percentage which was equal to 100 percent, the best germination rate of 3.897 days and the best vigor index of 27.02

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