scholarly journals Urbanisation and wing asymmetry in the western honey bee (Apis mellifera, Linnaeus 1758) at multiple scales

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Leonard ◽  
Katie K.Y. Wat ◽  
Clare McArthur ◽  
Dieter F. Hochuli
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Wing Size ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
The Impact

Changes in the mean and variance of phenotypic traits like wing and head morphology are frequently used as indicators of environmental stress experienced during development and may serve as a convenient index of urbanization exposure. To test this claim, we collected adult western honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus 1758, Hymenoptera, Apidae) workers from colonies located across an urbanization gradient, and quantified associations between the symmetries of both wing size and wing shape, and several landscape traits associated with urbanization. Landscape traits were assessed at two spatial scales (three km and 500 m) and included vegetation and anthropogenic land cover, total road length, road proximity and, population and dwelling density. We then used geometric morphometric techniques to determine two wing asymmetry scores—centroid size, a measure of wing size asymmetry and Procrustes distance, a measure of wing shape asymmetry. We found colony dependent differences in both wing size and shape asymmetry. Additionally, we found a negative association between wing shape asymmetry and road proximity at the three km buffer, and associations between wing shape asymmetry and road proximity, anthropogenic land cover and vegetation cover at the 500 m buffer. Whilst we were unable to account for additional variables that may influence asymmetry including temperature, pesticide presence, and parasitism our results demonstrate the potential usefulness of wing shape asymmetry for assessing the impact of certain landscape traits associated with urbanization. Furthermore, they highlight important spatial scale considerations that warrant investigation in future phenotypic studies assessing urbanization impact.

scholarly journals Toxicity Evaluation of Selected Plant Water Extracts on a Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Larvae Model

Animals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Roksana Kruszakin ◽  
Paweł Migdal
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Chelidonium Majus ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Study Laboratory ◽  
The Impact

So far, larval rearing in vitro has been an important method in the assessment of bee toxicology, particularly in pesticide risk assessment. However, natural products are increasingly used to control honey bee pathogens or to enhance bee immunity, but their effects on honey bee larvae are mostly unknown. In this study, laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effects of including selected aqueous plant infusions in the diet of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) larvae in vitro. The toxicity of infusions from three different plant species considered to be medicinal plants was evaluated: tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.), greater celandine (Chelidonium majus L.), and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The impact of each on the survival of the larvae of honey bees was also evaluated. One-day-old larvae were fed a basal diet consisting of distilled water, sugars (glucose and fructose), yeast extract, and freeze-dried royal jelly or test diets in which distilled water was replaced by plant infusions. The proportion of the diet components was adjusted to the age of the larvae. The larvae were fed twice a day. The experiment lasted seven days. Significant statistical differences in survival rates were found between groups of larvae (exposed or not to the infusions of tansy, greater celandine, and coriander). A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the survival rate was observed in the group with the addition of a coriander herb infusion compared to the control. These results indicate that plant extracts intended to be used in beekeeping should be tested on all development stages of honey bees.

The Cheilosia canicularis group (Diptera: Syrphidae): species delimitation and evolutionary relationships based on wing geometric morphometrics

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1825 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
JASMINA LUDOŠKI ◽  
LJUBINKA FRANCUSKI ◽  
ANTE VUJIĆ ◽  
VESNA MILANKOV
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Wing Size ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Mahalanobis Distances ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis

A landmark-based geometric morphometric approach was used to assess differences in the size and shape of wing among/within three species of the Cheilosia canicularis group (Diptera: Syrphidae): C. canicularis, C. himantopus and C. orthotricha. Wing size and shape variation was observed from 25, 176 and 41 specimens of C. canicularis, C. himantopus and C. orthotricha, respectively, collected from six localities on the Balkan Peninsula. Significant differences in wing size were obtained among the analysed species and canonical variate analysis showed that wing shape was sufficiently different to allow the correct classification of 73% individuals of C. canicularis, 80% of C. orthotricha and 94% of C. himantopus, and clear delimitation of the species pairs C. canicularis/C. orthotricha and C. himantopus/C. orthotricha. In all analysed species, the consistent sex dimorphism in wing shape was observed indicating that female specimens had shorter and broader wings than males. The UPGMA cluster analysis based on squared Mahalanobis distances revealed close accordance with previously published phylogenetic relationships of these species indicated by allozyme and DNA sequence data analysis. Our results suggested that wing parameters contain useful information in quantification phenotypic variation and identification of species in this challenging group for taxonomy and systematics.

scholarly journals The impact of hive type on the behavior and health of honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera) in Kenya

Apidologie ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander McMenamin ◽  
Fiona Mumoki ◽  
Maryann Frazier ◽  
Joseph Kilonzo ◽  
Bernard Mweu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bee Colonies

Occurrence of wildfire in the northern Great Lakes Region: Effects of land cover and land ownership assessed at multiple scales

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Cardille ◽  
Stephen J. Ventura
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Usda Forest Service ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Spatially Explicit Data ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Relationship Of

Risk of wildfire has become a major concern for forest managers, particularly where humans live in close proximity to forests. To date, there has been no comprehensive analysis of contemporary wildfire patterns or the influence of landscape-level factors in the northern, largely forested parts of Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan, USA. Using electronic archives from the USDA Forest Service and from the Departments of Natural Resources of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan, we created and analysed a new, spatially explicit data set: the Lake States Fire Database. Most of the 18 514 fires during 1985—1995 were smaller than 4 ha, although there were 746 fires larger than 41 ha. Most fires were caused by debris burning and incendiary activity. There was considerable interannual variability in fire counts; over 80% of fires occurred in March, April, or May. We analysed the relationship of land cover and ownership to fires at two different fire size thresholds across four gridded spatial scales. Fires were more likely on non-forest than within forests; this was also true if considering only fires larger than 41 ha. An area of National or State Forest was less likely to have experienced a fire during the study period than was a forest of equal size outside National or State Forest boundaries. Large fires were less likely in State Forests, although they were neither more nor less likely to have occurred on National Forests. Fire frequency also varied significantly by forest type. All results were extremely consistent across analysis resolutions, indicating robust relationships.

scholarly journals The impact of pollen consumption on honey bee (Apis mellifera ) digestive physiology and carbohydrate metabolism

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. e21406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent A. Ricigliano ◽  
William Fitz ◽  
Duan C. Copeland ◽  
Brendon M. Mott ◽  
Patrick Maes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Digestive Physiology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pollen Consumption

Honey yield of different commercial apiaries treated with Lactobacillus salivarius A3iob, a new bee-probiotic strain

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Novicov Fanciotti ◽  
M. Tejerina ◽  
M.R. Benítez-Ahrendts ◽  
M.C. Audisio
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Unexpected Result ◽  
Lactobacillus Salivarius ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
North Western ◽  
Honey Yield

The main objective of this study was to determine the impact of Lactobacillus salivarius A3iob, a honey bee gut-associated strain (GenBank code access KX198010), on honey yield. Independent assays were conducted from May to September 2014 and 2015, in three commercial apiaries: Tilquiza, El Carmen and Yala, all located in north-western Argentina. Local Apis mellifera L. bees were kept in standard Langstroth hives; treated hives were fed once a month with 1×105 cfu/ml viable Lactobacillus cells, administered to the bees through a Doolittle-type feeder in 125 g/l sucrose syrup. Control hives were only given the syrup mixed with MRS sterile broth. The main honey harvest was done in December in all groups and we found that there was an overall increase in honey yield from the treated hives. In 2014, all treated hives produced between 2.3 to 6.5 times more honey than the controls. However, in 2015, higher honey average yields in the treated hives at El Carmen and Yala were obtained, yet not at Tilquiza, because of a slight mishap. They experienced the swarming of several bee colonies due to a higher number of bees without appropriate management, which caused the control group to yield more honey compared to the hives fed with Lactobacillus. Interestingly, at El Carmen, two honey harvests were recorded: one in winter and another in summer (July and December 2015, respectively). This unexpected result arose from the particular flora of the region, mainly Tithonia tubaeformis, which blooms in winter. L. salivarius A3iob cells prove to be a natural alternative that will positively impact the beekeepers’ economy by providing a higher honey yield.

Response of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) proteome to Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Michaud ◽  
Humberto F. Boncristiani ◽  
Joost W. Gouw ◽  
Micheline K. Strand ◽  
Jeffrey Pettis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Host Protein ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Paralysis Virus

Recent declines in honey bee (Apis mellifera L., 1758) populations worldwide have spurred significant research into the impact of pathogens on colony health. The role of the Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) on hive mortality has become of particular concern since being correlated with colony losses. However, the molecular interactions between IAPV and its host remain largely unknown. To investigate changes in host protein expression during IAPV infection, mass-spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics was used to compare IAPV-infected and healthy pupae. Proteins whose expression levels changed significantly during infection were identified and functional analysis was performed to determine host systems and pathways perturbed by IAPV infection. Among the A. mellifera proteins most affected by IAPV, those involving translation and the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway were most highly enriched and future investigation of these pathways will be useful in identifying host proteins required for infection. This analysis represents an important first step towards understanding the honey bee host response to IAPV infection through the systems-level analysis of protein expression.

The impact of pyriproxyfen on the development of honey bee ( Apis mellifera L.) colony in field

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-Wen Chen ◽  
Pei-Shan Wu ◽  
En-Cheng Yang ◽  
Yu-Shin Nai ◽  
Zachary Y. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
The Impact
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