First report of cestode infection in the crustaceanArtemia persimilisfrom Southern Chilean Patagonia and its relation with the Neotropical aquatic birds

The brine shrimp genusArtemiaLeach (Crustacea, Branchiopoda), a keystone group in hipersaline wetlands all over the world, offers an excellent model to study species interactions (parasitism) and to explore “hidden fauna” (avian endoparasites). The present study is the first report on the parasite infection of the South American speciesArtemia persimilisfrom the Southern Chilean Patagonia (50°S–53°S). Samples were collected in Los Cisnes and Amarga lagoons, the two most austral populations of this crustacean described to date, during two seasons (spring and autumn). A total of 98 larvae of cestodes of the family Hymenolepididae (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea) were found and identified as belonging to the following taxa:Confluaria podicipina(adult parasitic in grebes),Flamingolepissp. (a cestode parasite of flamingos),Fimbriarioides(?) sp. (adults of the species of this genus infect waterfowl and shorebirds) andWardiumsp. (definitive host unknown, most probably charadriiform birds). This is a new geographical record ofC. podicipinaand the genusFimbriarioidesfor the Neotropical Region, the latter being the most widely distributed species at both localities and seasons surveyed, and the only species recorded in autumn (April). Cestode community composition in Los Cisnes population was characterised by dominance ofFlamingolepissp., representing more than 65% of the total cestode species recorded, whereas in the Amarga population the most abundant parasite (>83%) wasFimbriarioides(?) sp. Significant seasonal variations were detected in Los Cisnes lagoon forFlamingolepissp. andC. podicipina, with exclusive presence of them in spring (November). Besides providing novel information on cestodes infection inA. persimilis,this study provides new data on the life cycle of cestodes of Neotropical aquatic birds such as South American flamingos and grebes. Our finding expands the knowledge on the biodiversity and population dynamics of extreme and unique environments from high latitudes (Patagonia) and makes evident the need of further taxonomical and ecological studies for better understanding the life cycles of avian helminth parasites in the Neotropics and the role of aquatic invertebrates in them.

Download Full-text

First report of cestode infection in the crustacean Artemia persimilis from Southern Chilean Patagonia and its relation with the Neotropical aquatic birds

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27623 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Stella Redón ◽

Gergana P Vasileva ◽

Boyko B Georgiev ◽

Gonzalo Gajardo

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Species Interactions ◽

South American ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Aquatic Birds ◽

South American Species ◽

Parasite Life Cycle ◽

First Report ◽

Chilean Patagonia ◽

Artemia Persimilis

The brine shrimp Artemia Leach (Crustacea, Branchiopoda), a keystone species in extremely saline wetlands all over the world, offers an excellent model to study species interactions (parasitism) and to elucidate “hidden fauna” (avian endoparasites). The present study is the first report on the parasite infection of the South American species Artemia persimilis from the Southern Chilean Patagonia (50ºS-53ºS). Samples were collected in Los Cisnes and Amarga lagoons, the two most austral populations of this crustacean described to date, during two seasons (spring and autumn). A total of 98 larvae of cestodes of the family Hymenolepididae (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea) were found and identified as belonging to the following taxa: Confluaria podicipina (adult parasitic in grebes), Flamingolepis sp. (a cestode parasite of flamingos), Fimbriarioides (?) sp. (adults of the species of this genus infect waterfowl and shorebirds) and Wardium sp. (definitive host unknown, most probably charadriiform birds). This is a new geographical record of C. podicipina and the undescribed species Fimbriarioides (?) sp. for the Neotropical Region, the latter being the most widely distributed species at both localities and seasons surveyed, and the only species recorded in autumn (April). Cestode community composition in the Los Cisnes population was characterised by dominance of Flamingolepis sp., representing more than 65% of the total cestode species recorded, whereas in the Amarga population the most abundant parasite (> 83%) was Fimbriarioides (?) sp. Significant seasonal variations were detected in Cisnes lagoon for Flamingolepis sp. and C. podicipina, with exclusive presence of them in spring (November). Besides providing novel information on cestodes infection in A. persimilis, this study provides new data on the life-cycle of cestodes of Neotropical aquatic birds such as South American flamingos and grebes. Our finding expands the knowledge on the biodiversity and population dynamics of extreme and unique environments from high latitudes (Patagonia), but makes evident the need of further taxonomical and ecological studies to better understanding the life cycle of avian helminth parasites in the Neotropics, and to elucidate the role of aquatic invertebrates in the parasite life cycle in hypersaline wetlands from the Americas.

Download Full-text

First report of cestode infection in the crustacean Artemia persimilis from Southern Chilean Patagonia and its relation with the Neotropical aquatic birds

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27623v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stella Redón ◽

Gergana P Vasileva ◽

Boyko B Georgiev ◽

Gonzalo Gajardo

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Species Interactions ◽

South American ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Aquatic Birds ◽

South American Species ◽

Parasite Life Cycle ◽

First Report ◽

Chilean Patagonia ◽

Artemia Persimilis

Download Full-text

On the geographic distribution of Boeckella brevicaudata (Brady, 1875) (Copepoda, Calanoida) and its species associations in seasonal ephemeral pools in the Magallanes region (53°S, Chile)

Crustaceana ◽

10.1163/15685403-00003308 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 87 (5) ◽

pp. 540-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Patricio De los Ríos-Escalante ◽

Andrés Mansilla

Keyword(s):

Calanoid Copepod ◽

Null Model ◽

Niche Overlap ◽

Model Analysis ◽

South American ◽

South American Species ◽

Mineral Contents ◽

Ephemeral Pools ◽

Chilean Patagonia ◽

Southern Patagonia

The distribution of crustaceans of inland waters in southern Patagonia is characterized by the presence of sub-Antarctic and southern South American species. The aims of the present study were to study the geographical distribution of the calanoid copepod Boeckella brevicaudata (Brady, 1875) and the community structure of the zooplankton assemblages in which this species occurs. This last purpose was approached by applying null-models analyses based on species co-occurrence and niche-sharing. The species itself inhabits sub-Antarctic islands as well as southern South America. The results of the co-occurrence null model analysis revealed that the communities with this species have no regulating factors, whereas the niche overlap null model analysis revealed that these species share the same ecological niche. We thus found low abundances for all species, with specifically low B. brevicaudata abundance, at low mineral contents of the water. The results obtained were similar among sites in southern Argentinean and southern Chilean Patagonia, and on sub-Antarctic islands of which data were available.

Download Full-text

A new species of Rheotanytarsus Thienemann & Bause (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Peruvian Andes, with updated key to South American species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4722.2.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4722 (2) ◽

pp. 195-200

Author(s):

GALILEU P. S. DANTAS ◽

ANA A. HUAMANTINCO ARAUJO ◽

NEUSA HAMADA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

South America ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Nominal Species ◽

South American ◽

Congeneric Species ◽

Distribution Map ◽

South American Species ◽

Peruvian Andes ◽

A New Species

Rheotanytarsus is a speciose genus, currently composed by more than 100 nominal species distributed worldwide, 19 are known from the Neotropical region, four from South America and only one is registered for Peru. In the present study, a new species is described and illustrated based on males collected in the Peruvian Andes. In addition, the key to the South American species is updated and a distribution map of them is provided. Rheotanytarsus amaru sp. n. is easily distinguished from the congeneric species by the dark general coloration and the hypopygial morphology.

Download Full-text

A new species and a new record of the spider genus Nesticus (Araneae, Nesticidae) from southern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4231.4.4 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4231 (4) ◽

pp. 564

Author(s):

NARELLE ESTOL ◽

EVERTON NEI LOPES RODRIGUES

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New Record ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

The State ◽

South American ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

South American Species ◽

The Family ◽

A New Species

The spider family Nesticidae includes 233 species in 13 genera and is distributed almost worldwide (World Spider Catalog, 2016). However, the family is still poorly known in the Neotropical Region. The genus Nesticus Thorell, 1869 comprises 132 species and seven subspecies and was described based on N. cellulanus (Clerck, 1757), from Europe (World Spider Catalog, 2016). Meridional South American species of Nesticus were revised by Ott & Lise (2002). More recently, Faleiro & Santos (2011) described a new species from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil and Torres et al. (2016) a new species from the province of Salta, Argentina. Nowadays, Nesticus is represented by six species in Brazil: Nesticus brasiliensis Brignoli, 1979; Nesticus brignolii Ott & Lise, 2002; Nesticus calilegua Ott & Lise, 2002; Nesticus ivone Faleiro & Santos, 2011; Nesticus potreiro Ott & Lise, 2002 and Nesticus taim Ott & Lise, 2002 (World Spider Catalog 2016).

Download Full-text

A new South American species of Centris (Heterocentris) Cockerell, 1899 with a key to the species with horn-like projections on the clypeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Centridini)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3357.1.4 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3357 (1) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

DANNY VÉLEZ ◽

FELIPE VIVALLO

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New South ◽

Tropical Dry Forest ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Solitary Bees ◽

Dry Forest ◽

Monophyletic Group ◽

South American ◽

South American Species ◽

Species Diagnosis

The genus Centris Fabricius, 1804 is one of the more diverse lineages of solitary bees in the Neotropical Region with more than250 described species. Here Centris ceratops new species is described from a tropical dry forest in northern Colombia (Colosó,Department of Sucre), thus increasing the number of known species to four in which the females possess a horn-like projectionon the clypeus. This group of bees belongs to a small monophyletic group within C. (Heterocentris). Along with the description of this new species, diagnosis, pictures and a key to identify the species of females with modified clypeus are also provided.

Download Full-text

The first Myrmecotypus O. P.-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae) from Argentina: description of Myrmecotypus iguazu new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2158.1.6 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2158 (1) ◽

pp. 65-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

GONZALO D. RUBIO ◽

MANUEL O. ARBINO

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Central America ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

South American ◽

South American Species

The Castianeirinae genus Myrmecotypus was described by O. Pickard-Cambridge (1894) and currently includes eight species. All of them, except the atypical M. lineatus (Emerton 1909) (only record from USA), occur in the Neotropical region (known from Mexico to Panamá), Panamá being the southern most representative distribution of genus. Reiskind (1969) carried out the revision of the subfamily Castianeirinae Reiskind 1969 from North and Central America, concluding that much more study of more extensive collections will be needed to clarify the origin and distribution of South American species of this subfamily.

Download Full-text

Myopa nebulosa sp. nov. and Myopa bozinovici sp. nov. (Diptera: Conopidae): New thick-headed flies from a threatened biodiversity hotspot in central Chile

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4780.2.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4780 (2) ◽

pp. 291-306

Author(s):

RODRIGO M. BARAHONA-SEGOVIA ◽

MATÍAS BARCELÓ

Keyword(s):

Mediterranean Ecosystems ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Biodiversity Hotspot ◽

South American ◽

Museum Collections ◽

South American Species ◽

Central Chile ◽

Neotropical Species ◽

The World ◽

History Of

Diptera is one of the most speciose groups within Insecta, but there are deep gaps in knowledge of the South American faunas. Conopidae, also known as thick-headed flies, inhabit many habitats around the world, and are particularly diverse in the Neotropical region. Despite this, southern South American species of this group are poorly known and many genera are under-represented in museum collections. Only four Neotropical species of Myopa are known, three from Mexico and one from Chile. In this study we describe two new species: Myopa nebulosa sp. nov. distributed from northern Chile to the Maule region of central Chile, and Myopa bozinovici sp. nov. from Mediterranean ecosystems of central Chile. We also re-describe the conspicuous species Myopa metallica Camras and provide an updated key to all Neotropical species of this genus. The natural history of these species is unknown. Myopa species are not abundant and their habitats may be threatened by land change use.

Download Full-text

Helminth parasites of South American fishes: current status and characterization as a model for studies of biodiversity

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x16000717 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 91 (2) ◽

pp. 150-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

J.L. Luque ◽

F.B. Pereira ◽

P.V. Alves ◽

M.E. Oliva ◽

J.T. Timi

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Fish Parasites ◽

Current Status ◽

South American ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Research Groups ◽

Ecological Data ◽

Host Parasite ◽

Diverse Groups

AbstractThe South American subcontinent supports one of the world's most diverse and commercially very important ichthyofauna. In this context, the study of South American fish parasites is of increased relevance in understanding their key roles in ecosystems, regulating the abundance or density of host populations, stabilizing food webs and structuring host communities. It is hard to estimate the number of fish parasites in South America. The number of fish species studied for parasites is still low (less than 10%), although the total number of host–parasite associations (HPAs) found in the present study was 3971. Monogeneans, with 835 species (1123 HPAs, 28.5%), and trematodes, with 662 species (1127 HPAs, 30.9%), are the more diverse groups. Data gathered from the literature are useful to roughly estimate species richness of helminths from South American fish, even though there are some associated problems: the reliability of information depends on accurate species identification; the lack of knowledge about life cycles; the increasing number of discoveries of cryptic species and the geographically biased number of studies. Therefore, the closest true estimations of species diversity and distribution will rely on further studies combining both molecular and morphological approaches with ecological data such as host specificity, geographical distribution and life-cycle data. Research on biodiversity of fish parasites in South America is influenced by problems such as funding, taxonomic impediments and dispersion of research groups. Increasing collaboration, interchange and research networks in the context of globalization will enable a promising future for fish parasitology in South America.

Download Full-text

Two new species of Nealiolus Mason (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Brachistinae) reared from pest weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4729.1.8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4729 (1) ◽

pp. 116-126

Author(s):

EDUARDO M. SHIMBORI ◽

ANA P. G. S. WENGRAT ◽

MARCOANDRE SAVARIS ◽

WILLIAM B. GALVÃO ◽

FREDERICO NANINI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Economic Value ◽

Boll Weevil ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Control Agent ◽

South American ◽

Key To Species ◽

South American Species ◽

Two New Species

Here, we present the first two South American species of Nealiolus Mason (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), both reared from weevils damaging plants of economic value: Nealiolus chayohtli Wengrat & Shimbori sp. n. on Phymatophosus squameus feeding in stems of Sechium edule (chayote), and Nealiolus jaboticaba Shimbori & Wengrat sp. n. on Conotrachelus sp. in fruits of Plinia cauliflora (jaboticaba). This parasitoid genus is poorly studied, despite its potential importance as a biological control agent of several pest weevils (Curculionidae), including the cotton boll weevil. With the addition of the two new species, nine species of Nealiolus are known, three of them occurring in the Neotropical region. We also present an identification key to species of Nealiolus and DNA barcoding information for the new species.

Download Full-text