scholarly journals Muscle quality index and isometric strength in older adults with hip osteoarthritis

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jerez-Mayorga ◽  
Luis Javier Chirosa Ríos ◽  
Alvaro Reyes ◽  
Pedro Delgado-Floody ◽  
Ramon Machado Payer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand

Background Older adults with hip osteoarthritis (OA) suffer a progressive loss of muscle quality and strength, affecting their daily activities and quality of life. The purpose of this study is to compare the levels of isometric strength among older adults with and without hip OA and healthy young adults, and to determine the relationship between muscle quality index (MQI) and isometric strength. Methods Fourteen subjects with hip OA (65.6 ± 3.0 years), 18 healthy older adults (66.6 ± 6.5 years) and 32 young adults (20.7 ± 2.0 years) participated in the study. MQI, isometric muscle strength of the hip, ten time sit-to-stand tests, and body composition were measured. Results The MQI was lower in subjects with hip OA, with no significant differences between groups (p > 0.054). Subjects with OA produced significantly less isometric strength in hip extension (p < 0.001), flexion (p < 0.001), abduction (p < 0.05), adduction (p < 0.001), external (p < 0.05) and internal rotation (p < 0.05). Subjects with OA demonstrated longer time in the execution of the sit-to-stand test (p < 0.001) in comparison with healthy older and young adults. High correlations between MQI, sit-to-stand (r =  − 0.76, p < 0.01) and peak force during hip abduction (r = 0.78, p < 0.01) where found in subjects with OA. Moderate correlation between MQI and peak force during hip flexion (r = 0.55, p < 0.05) and external rotation (r = 0.61, p < 0.05) were found in the OA group. Conclusions Subjects with OA have lower MQI than old and young healthy controls. In subjects with OA, there was a significant relationship between isometric strength of hip muscles and performance on the sit-to-stand test and the MQI.

scholarly journals Omega-3 supplementation improves isometric strength but not muscle anabolic and catabolic signaling in response to resistance exercise in healthy older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiaan Dalle ◽  
Evelien Van Roie ◽  
Charlotte Hiroux ◽  
Mathias Vanmunster ◽  
Walter Coudyzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Muscle Inflammation ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Old skeletal muscle exhibits decreased anabolic sensitivity, eventually contributing to muscle wasting. Besides anabolism, also muscle inflammation and catabolism are critical players in regulating the old skeletal muscle’s sensitivity. Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3) are an interesting candidate to reverse anabolic insensitivity via anabolic actions. Yet, it remains unknown whether ω-3 also attenuates muscle inflammation and catabolism. The present study investigates the effect of ω-3 supplementation on muscle inflammation and metabolism (anabolism/catabolism) upon resistance exercise (RE). Twenty-three older adults (OA) (65-84yr;8♀) were randomized to receive ω-3 (~3g·d -1) or corn oil (PLAC) and engaged in a 12-wk RE program (3x·wk -1). Before and after intervention, muscle volume, strength and systemic inflammation were assessed, and muscle biopsies were analysed for markers of anabolism, catabolism and inflammation. Isometric knee-extensor strength increased in ω-3 (+12.2%), but not in PLAC (-1.4%; pinteraction=0.015), whereas leg press strength improved in both conditions (+27.1%; ptime&lt;0.001). RE, but not ω-3, decreased inflammatory (p65NF-κB) and catabolic (FOXO1, LC3b) markers, and improved muscle quality. Yet, muscle volume remained unaffected by RE and ω-3. Accordingly, muscle anabolism (mTORC1) and plasma CRP remained unchanged by RE and ω-3, whereas serum IL-6 tended to decrease in ω-3 (pinteraction=0.07). These results show that, despite no changes in muscle volume, RE-induced gains in isometric strength can be further enhanced by ω-3. However, ω-3 did not improve RE-induced beneficial catabolic or inflammatory adaptations. Irrespective of muscle volume, gains in strength (primary criterion for sarcopenia) might be explained by changes in muscle quality due to muscle inflammatory or catabolic signaling.

scholarly journals Clinimetric properties of the one‐leg sit‐to‐stand test in examining unilateral lower limb muscle strength among young adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surachart Thongchoomsin ◽  
Sunee Bovonsunthonchai ◽  
Leonard Joseph ◽  
Samatchai Chamnongkich
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
The One

Muscle quality index improves with resistance exercise training in older adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren S. Fragala ◽  
David H. Fukuda ◽  
Jeffrey R. Stout ◽  
Jeremy R. Townsend ◽  
Nadia S. Emerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training

scholarly journals The Relationship between the Power Index of the Sit-to-Stand Test and Muscle Function of Isokinetic Knee Extension in Healthy Young Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
Tetsuo TAKAHATA ◽  
Chiaki YAGURA ◽  
Shinichiro OKA ◽  
Takeshi SOTA ◽  
Takahiko YAMAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Power Index ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
The Relationship

Shoulder Strength Requirements for Upper Limb Functional Tasks: Do Age and Rotator Cuff Tear Status Matter?

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 446-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony C. Santago ◽  
Meghan E. Vidt ◽  
Xiaotong Li ◽  
Christopher J. Tuohy ◽  
Gary G. Poehling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Rotator Cuff Tear ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Cuff Tear ◽  
Supraspinatus Tear ◽  
Shoulder Strength

Understanding upper limb strength requirements for daily tasks is imperative for early detection of strength loss that may progress to disability due to age or rotator cuff tear. We quantified shoulder strength requirements for 5 upper limb tasks performed by 3 groups: uninjured young adults and older adults, and older adults with a degenerative supraspinatus tear prior to repair. Musculoskeletal models were developed for each group representing age, sex, and tear-related strength losses. Percentage of available strength used was quantified for the subset of tasks requiring the largest amount of shoulder strength. Significant differences in strength requirements existed across tasks: upward reach 105° required the largest average strength; axilla wash required the largest peak strength. However, there were limited differences across participant groups. Older adults with and without a tear used a larger percentage of their shoulder elevation (p < .001,p < .001) and external rotation (p < .001,p = .017) strength than the young adults, respectively. Presence of a tear significantly increased percentage of internal rotation strength compared to young (p < .001) and uninjured older adults (p = .008). Marked differences in strength demand across tasks indicate the need for evaluating a diversity of functional tasks to effectively detect early strength loss, which may lead to disability.

The repetitive Five-Times-Sit-To-Stand test: its reliability in older adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilda WL Teo ◽  
Yiqin Mong ◽  
Shamay SM Ng
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand

scholarly journals The Instrumented Sit-to-Stand Test (iSTS) Has Greater Clinical Relevance than the Manually Recorded Sit-to-Stand Test in Older Adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0157968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob C. van Lummel ◽  
Stefan Walgaard ◽  
Andrea B. Maier ◽  
Erik Ainsworth ◽  
Peter J. Beek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand

PNF Training and Physical Function in Assisted-Living Older Adults

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Austrin Klein ◽  
William J. Stone ◽  
Wayne T. Phillips ◽  
Jaime Gangi ◽  
Sarah Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hip Extension

The impact of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on physical function in assisted-living older adults (73-94 years old) was studied. A 5-week pretraining period consisting of weekly visits by trainers to participants preceded a 10-week training period of warm-up, PNF exercises, and cool-down. Training progressed from 1 set of 3 repetitions to 3 sets of 3 repetitions. Assessments were conducted at baseline (T1), postpretraining (T2), and posttraining (T3). Eleven of 14 volunteer participants completed the study. Physical function was assessed by range of motion (ROM), isometric strength, and balance and mobility measures. Repeated-measures ANOVA identified 6 measures (sit-to-stand, shoulder- and ankle-flexion ROM, and hip-extension, ankle-flexion, and ankle-extension strength) with statistically significant differences. With the exception of hip-extension strength, these measures were statistically significant from T2 to T3 in post hoc univariate tests. Results indicate that PNF flexibility training can improve ROM, isometric strength, and selected physical-function tasks in assisted-living older adults.

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