Demand for Social Services of City Government Units Using the Linear Expenditure System: The Case of the Philippines

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
City Government ◽  
Demand System ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Linear Expenditure System ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Expenditure System

The main objective of the study is to construct demand system of the basic social services provided by the city governments in the Philippines using the Linear Expenditure System. It seeks to establish the income and expenditure pattern of city governments of the Philippines in 2008. Results revealed that cities with higher incomes are dependent to locally-generated income while cities with lower incomes are dependent on IRA funds. Expenditure share is highest in the education sector while lowest in the social welfare. Subsistence expenditure level of each service sector was found statistically significant except health and nutrition. Some identified cost variables of respective service sectors were found significant predictors of subsistence expenditure level of each service sectors. Marginal discretionary income shares were found statistically significant across the service sectors except for education. Elasticity results revealed that all basic social services were found to be normal goods and demands for these services tend to be inelastic with respect to government income. Keywords - demand system, discretionary income, IRA, LES, marginal discretionary income, NSUR, simultaneous equation and subsistence expenditure.

Estimation of Interdependent Behavior of City Government Units of the Philippines Using the Les Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Spatial Effect ◽  
City Government ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Lagged Dependent Variable ◽  
Les Model

For local units to be effective in their functions, their resources need to be spent in a way that will meet the need of local community. The main objective of the study is to estimate the demand of the basic social services provided by the city governments in the Philippines with the influence of spatial effects using the Linear Expenditure System (LES). The study used the descriptive research technique. Results showed that the LES model incorporated with spatial effects fits the data reasonably well compared to the LES model without spatial effect. Fiscal interactions among cities were found significant with education and social welfare services. Subsistence expenditure level of each service sector was found statistically significant except for local tax revenue that was treated as negative expenditure. Some identified cost variables of respective service sectors were found significant predictors of subsistence expenditure level of each service sectors. All marginal discretionary income shares were found statistically significant across the service sectors. The studies conclude that both population density and saving rate of the previous year significantly predicted marginal discretionary income share of each service sector. Elasticity results revealed that all basic social services were found to be normal goods and demands for these services tend to be inelastic with respect to government income.   Keywords - demand system, discretionary income, lagged dependent variable, LES, NSUR, spatial econometrics, spatial effect, and subsistence expenditure.  

scholarly journals PERUBAHAN POLA PERGERAKAN MASYARAKAT SEBAGAI DAMPAK PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA

Arsitektura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurdhi Mahalina ◽  
Isti Andini ◽  
Ana Hardiana
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Network Density ◽  
City Development ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Cyber City ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>The density of urban network occurs due to the society temporary relocation in a short distance. Yogyakarta is one of the cities that has a high network  density  with working as the most dominant society movement patterns. Yogyakarta now also implementing the concept of city development based on information and communication technology (ICT) as stated in Yogyakarta Cyber City since 2005. The application of ICT in Yogyakarta has been done in the administration sector (e-government) and several other society service, in which the application of ICT allows some changes in the pattern of society movement. The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of ICT application toward the changing patterns of society movement seen from the condition of before and after the use of ICT in accessing various social services sector. This research was conducted throughout 14 districts in Yogyakarta and also in several service sectors necesarry for the people. Methods applied to determine the changes of  society movement pattern as a result of ICT application was reviewed based on the variable of service sector performance, the level of ICT used by the public, the number of people’s destination of their respective service sector, and also the quantity of movement among society zones seen from the point of origin and the destination point. The result of the research proved that there are changes in the society movement patterns at the decline the network density indicated by the decline of the number of people’s destination and by the decrease in the network density path, and also the decrease in the movement quantity among society zones which proves the theory of movement decline from the suburbs area to urban area. The application of ICT in several service sectors has enabled people to access the service at anytime and anywhere easily. However, the application of ICT in Yogyakarta has limited human resources in operating the service, and this make the number of society movement can not be completely substituted by the application of ICT.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Cyber City, ICT Use, Movement Patterns</em><em>, E-Government</em></p>

scholarly journals Demand Response in Pakistan: A Modification of the Linear Expenditure System for 1976

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehtisham Ahmad ◽  
Stephen Ludlow ◽  
Nicholas Stern
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Demand System ◽  
Household Level ◽  
On Demand ◽  
System A ◽  
Linear Expenditure System ◽  
Expenditure System ◽  
Demand Patterns

While demand estimates are used in policy making in a number of areas, there has not been a substantial literature on demand patterns and responses in Pakistan. We present estimates for thirteen classes of goods, based on a complete demand system, a modification of the Unear Expenditure System, using maximum likelihood techniques and observations at the household level for Pakistan and urban and rurll areas for 1976.

The Service Sector in the Economy in Poland and European Union Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
Walentyna Kwiatkowska
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Sector Theory ◽  
The Eu

The role of the service sector in the economy is increasing in the process of socio-economic development. This tendency has been confirmed and explained by the three-sector theory formulated by A.G.B. Fisher, C. Clark, and J. Fourastie. The main goal of the paper is to show development tendencies in service sectors in Poland and the EU countries and assess them in view of the three-sector theory. The share of the service sector in the total employment and in the total gross value added in the years 2005-2013/2014 will be analysed together with two sub-sectors including market and non-market services. The research shows that the share of the service sector in total employment and total gross value added has been recently increasing in Poland as well as in other EU countries, but there is a gap in this process between Poland and the most developed EU countries. Moreover, in Poland, the role of market services has been recently increasing much faster than the role of non-market services. 

Study on Urban Flood Control and Drainage in Beijing

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 2381-2385
Author(s):  
Sen Guo Zhan ◽  
Bao Hui Men ◽  
Jia Jie Wu ◽  
Zheng Da Duan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
City Government ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
The City ◽  
New Look

On 21 July 2012, a huge thunderstorm hit Beijing, prompting the city government to act immediately to deal with the emergency. Yet great losses were caused, exposing problems about urban flood control and drainage, and making people take a new look at them. It is not uncommon for a rainfall of such a degree to happen in Asia. Comparatively speaking, however, unlike in Beijing, fewer damages are caused in Taiwan, Japan and the Philippines given the same situation. In this article, therefore, the problems arising after a heavy rainfall and their solutions will be discussed.

scholarly journals Sectoral Analysis of Employment Intensity of Growth in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasaki Dauda ◽  
Omowumi Ajeigbe
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Sectoral Analysis ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
World Development

This study assessed employment intensity of growth (EIG) in the agriculture, industry and service sectors in Nigeria from 1991 to 2019 within the context of Okun’s theory/law. Data from the 2020 World Development Indicators were employed for analysis, using elasticity procedure after decomposing the scope into different periods and regimes. The findings showed negative EIG in the agriculture and industrial sectors while the service sector returned positive EIG. Therefore, government should invest significantly in the service sector while the agricultural sector should be mechanized to boost output and supply of raw materials to industries to enhance employment generation.

scholarly journals Analisis Atas Efektivitas Pengelolaan Data Dan Informasi Kependudukan Pada Pemda Kabupaten/Kota Dan Instansi Terkait Lainnya

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1499-1528
Author(s):  
Erwin Antoni ◽  
Silviana .
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Population Data ◽  
City Government ◽  
General Description ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Policies And Programs

Population administration is a series of activities in structuring and controlling population documents and data through population registration, civil registration, management of population administration information and utilization of its results for public services and development of other sectors. In the 2015-2019 RPJMN it is mentioned that Population and Family Planning (KKB) Development is directed at one of them: Improving the quality of population data and information as the basis for developing development policies and programs and implementing basic population services. One of the authorities of the Regency / City Government is to carry out community service activities in the area of ??Population Administration. The local government plays an important role in improving the quality of data and information on the population. This paper discusses the administration of population administration in regency/city governments and other relevant agencies. The discussion covers the background of topic selection, general description, regulation, business process on the object of research and risk analysis of the business process. Next, the objectives and types of research are discussed, the period of time, the number and competence of researchers, the methodology and procedures of the research to be conducted. The selection of key areas uses the RIS analysis method (Risk Management, Research Impacts, Significance). The results of this study are expected to provide appropriate and actionable recommendations in order to improve the quality of population data and information.

scholarly journals Perception of the Selected Business Environment Aspects by Service Firms

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 111-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurram Ajaz Khan ◽  
Gentjan Çera ◽  
Vaclav Netek
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Similar Group ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
Business Support ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment

The business environment is a profound concern for the state and institutions to make it encouraging to boost entrepreneurship. Given such relevance of the business environment, this paper aims to link selected business environment aspects to business sector. The study identified the perceived differences between sectors in the Czech and Slovak Republics and then a comparison of a similar group of firms. To shape the study, survey-based research planned and conducted in two segments of firm’s (service and non-service), covered 641 enterprises. The current research adopted factor analysis and then t-test and Mann-Whitney test to determine the results. The major findings of the study reveal that the Slovak firms in the service sector scored higher in macroeconomic environment, consumers’ consumption and competition factors and lower in access to finance factor, as compared to their non-service counterparts. However, another key finding indicates that the Czech entrepreneurs’ perception did not statistically differ in any selected aspects of business environment between the firms operating in service and non-service sectors. In all the cases business support was found insignificant. This paper adds to the existing literature in entrepreneurship by offering a better understanding of the linkage between business sector and business environment aspects.

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