scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Shitalakhya River

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Md. Mahabub Alam ◽  
Md. Kudrat- E-Zahan ◽  
M. Habibur Rahman ◽  
A. A. S. Mostofa Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Dissolved Silica

Water quality is the key of environmental concern because of its important provision of water for drinking and domestic purpose, irrigation and aquatic life including fish and fisheries. The present study was conducted to assess the surface water quality of the Shitalakhya River from January, 2017 to December, 2018. Temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, BOD5, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness, Magnesium Hardness, Chloride, Dissolved Silica, Total Iron concentration and Turbidity in water samples have been found in the ranges 24 - 33°C, 6.5 - 7.6, 108 - 478 µS/cm, 54 - 245 ppm, 8 - 118 mg/l, 6 - 12 mg/l, 36.6 - 231.8 mg/l, 30 - 190 mg/l, 20 - 120 mg/l, 10 - 80 mg/l, 3.54 - 9.91 mg/l, 16 - 51 mg/l, 0.10 - 1.5 mg/l, 2.09 - 120 NTU in the year 2017 and 21 - 32.5°C, 6.7 - 7.3, 101 - 424 µS/cm, 55 - 212 ppm,  10 - 154 mg/l, 7 - 16 mg/l, 42.7 - 219.6 mg/l,  35 - 180 mg/l, 25 - 115 mg/l, 10 - 70 mg/l, 4.96 - 16.99 mg/l, 19 - 84 mg/l, 0.10 - 2.50 mg/l, 2.73 - 214 NTU in the year 2018 respectively. Obtained results of the present study area shows that most of the parameters were within the permissible limit except Turbidity, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Dissolved Silica (SiO2) and Biological Oxygen Demand for five days (BOD5). Use of river water can pose serious problems to human health and aquatic ecosystem via biological food chain. The present research suggests special preference for better management of the river water to protect the health of aquatic ecosystem of the river. 

scholarly journals Physicochemical Parameters of Gomati River at Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh (India)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 875-886
Author(s):  
Azad Kannaujiya
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Gomati River ◽  
The Impact

Gomati River originate from Madhoganj Tanda village in Pilibhit district, U.P. it passes through the district of Shahjahanpur, kheri, Hardoi, Sitapur, Janpur and ultimately merge in Ganga. River water is significant for every living organism as well as aquatic life. Water pollution is a major global problem. Modernization and urbanization have polluted the river water and degraded the status. All over the world we are seeing that drain is the main source of water pollution especially for rivers flowing within the city. This drain generally carries industrial effluent, domestic waste, sewage and medicinal waste resulting in poor water quality. Gomati River receives industrial as well as domestic waste from various drains of Lucknow city. As Gomati river is the only source of surface water near the communities. A total 20 parameters namely Temperature, pH, Turbidity, Conductivity, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Total suspended solids (TSS), Total solids (TS), Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biological oxygen demand (BOD) Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Alkalinity, Total hardness, Calcium as ca, Magnesium as Mg, Chloride, Fluoride, Sulphate as So4, Nickel as Ni, Lead as Pb, and Zinc as Zn where analysed and their variation is discussed to obtain the impact of effluents on water quality. From the result it was found higher than the permissible limit of WHO and BIS.

Assesment of Water Pollution in the Tigris River in Diyarbakır, Turkey

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Memet Varol ◽  
Bülent Gökot ◽  
Aysel Bekleyen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Tigris River

Diyarbakır is the biggest city and the largest urban settlement in the Tigris Basin in Turkey. It has been gradually developing and growing thanks to the Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP), and is one of the most important centers of industry, agriculture and animal husbandry in the Tigris Basin. The Tigris River is an important water source for the city, and it serves for irrigation, fishing, recreation and receiving wastewater. With the development of industry, agriculture and the growth of urban population, its pollution has become a serious problem. Pollution from domestic, industrial and agricultural activities has led to deterioration of water quality. In this context, the aim of the present study is to identify point sources of pollution and to assess the surface water quality of the Tigris River in the study area by monitoring physicochemical parameters. Diyarbakır produced a negative impact on the Tigris River water quality, particularly after the WWTP discharge. Concentrations of chemical oxygen demand, organic nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus increased markedly downstream of Diyarbakır WWTP discharge point. During the summer, the extent of organic pollution was so serious in the stations, downstream of WWTP, that dissolved oxygen became almost absent from the river water. The metal concentrations of all water samples were mostly below or close to the maximum permitted concentration for protection of aquatic life and drinking water.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Tigris River Using Overall Index of Pollution (OIP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 1095
Author(s):  
Ibrahem Mahdi Al-Sudani
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid ◽  
Overall Index Of Pollution ◽  
Rain Precipitation

This study was performed on the Tigris River (Baghdad city section) during the period between December 2016 and December 2018 to assess seasonal variation in water quality using the Overall Index of Pollution (OIP). The OIP is one of the reliable tools for the assessment of surface water quality. To calculate OIP-values, eight parameters were measured ( pH, Dissolved Oxygen "DO", Biological Oxygen Demand "BOD", Total Dissolved Solid "TDS", Total Hardness "TH", calcium "Ca", Sulphate "SO4" and Alkalinity). The results showed the anthropogenic activities impact of Baghdad population that directly discharge of "inadequate treated" waste water to the river.  OIP values were acceptable (1˃OIP˃ 1.7) in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2018. However, in 2014 and 2017,the OIP recorded values that were acceptable and tend to be slightly polluted (1.7˃OIP˃2.5). The impairment of water quality during 2014 and 2017 might be caused by the decrease in the water share feeding Tigris River from Turkey due to the construction of many dams. Also, markedly reduced rain precipitation rates were recorded in these periods.  The study suggests conducting continuous monitoring programs and establishing a reliable Iraqi classification system for water quality by a specialized scientific panel.

scholarly journals Surface water quality in canals in An Giang province, Viet Nam, from 2009 to 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hong Thao Ly ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Giao
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Surface Water Resources

The present study evaluates the surface water quality in the canals of An Giang province in the period from 2009 to 2016. The results showed that surface water of the canals was contaminated by organic matter and microorganisms which makes it not suitable for water supply and conservation of aquatic life. The water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), orthophosphate (P-PO43-) and coliforms levels in the wet season were found to be higher than those in the dry season. The problem of organic and microorganic pollution over a long period of time without solutions leads to declines in water quality and then quantity as well. Agriculture is the main activity contributing to pollution of surface water in interior canals along with the activities of daily life, industry and services. This causes pollution of the surface water on Hau River due to its exchange of water with the connected canals. Good agricultural practices should be implemented to limit the pollution of surface water resources of the Mekong Delta. Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá diễn biến chất lượng nước mặt trong các kênh rạch nội đồng của tỉnh An Giang trong giai đoạn 2009 – 2016. Kết quả cho thấy nước mặt tại các kênh rạch nội đồng đã ô nhiễm hữu cơ và vi sinh vật. Nguồn nước không phù hợp cho mục đích cấp nước sinh hoạt và bảo tồn thực vật thủy sinh. Các chỉ tiêu như hàm lượng oxy hòa tan (DO), nhu cầu oxy sinh hóa (BOD), tổng chất rắn lơ lửng (TSS), orthophosphate (P-PO43-) và coliforms trong mùa mưa cao hơn mùa khô. Vấn đề ô nhiễm hữu cơ và vi sinh vật diễn ra trong thời gian dài và chưa có giải pháp xử lý làm cho chất lượng nước suy giảm dẫn đến suy giảm về trữ lượng. Nông nghiệp là hoạt động chính góp phần làm ô nhiễm nguồn nước mặt trong các kênh rạch nội đồng bên cạnh các hoạt động sinh hoạt, công nghiệp và dịch vụ. Điều này dẫn đến nước mặt trên sông Hậu cũng có đặt tính ô nhiễm tương tự do trao đổi nước với các kênh rạch nội đồng. Thực hành sản xuất nông nghiệp thân thiện môi trường cần sớm được triển khai để hạn chế ô nhiễm nguồn nước mặt quan trọng của khu vực đồng bằng sông Cửu Long.

Surface Water Quality in the Forest Catchment – A Case Study of Tunga and Bhadra River Stretches, Karnataka

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
Santhosh Kumar T. M1 ◽  
K. L Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Post Monsoon Season

A need of water quality assessment of the rivers before enters into the human induced habitations play a vital role in maintenance of ecological balance. The surface water samples were randomly collected from the Tunga and Bhadra reservoirs situated in the downstream catchments of Western Ghats with semi-evergreen and mixed deciduous forests during January 2018 to December 2019. The samples were analyzed as per the Standard Methods prescribed for drinking water analysis. Increased trend of pH in Pre-monsoon and decreased trend in post monsoon season was observed and the mean concentrations of pH was ranged between 7.30 and 8.02. Electrical Conductivity values were found to be <143µS/cm and indicated that the water is suitable for irrigation and drinking purposes. The Total Dissolved Solids and Total Hardness values were indicated as soft water as values are <75 mg/L. A significant relation was noticed between Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand during Post monsoon season. Whereas, no relationship was existing with water quality parameters in Tunga River and Bhadra reservoirs during monsoon (2019) wherein highest floods were received in this season. An insignificant pollution load was observed as the water flows through forest areas and no relationship exists between past mining activities in the Bhadra river catchment, sedimentation of reservoir and water quality. However, it is suggested to control of alterations in land use / land cover, use of fertilizer and pesticides, mono culture plantations and developmental activities to maintain the water quality in the study area to meet the domestic demands in the downstream.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality Status of Chandrabhaga River at Rishikesh, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
Shail Kulshrestha
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
The Status ◽  
River Ganga ◽  
Magnesium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

In the background of the ambitious ‘National Mission for Clean Ganga’ to clean, conserve and protect the River Ganga in a comprehensive manner, this study was undertaken to evaluate the status of Water Quality of Chandrabhaga river at Rishikesh, district Dehradun, India, between the Dhalwala bridge area and Mayakund area where it merges with the river Ganga, affecting adversely its water quality. The characteristics of Chandrabhaga river water were assessed during July to September 2017 by monitoring the water quality at most garbeged and contaminated five locations by determining physicochemical and biological parameters and metal ions. The observed values of dissolved oxygen (DO) varied from 0.4 to 1.29 mg/L, such a low DO, high biological oxygen demand (BOD, 21 ± 2.64 to 56 ±6.08 mg/L) and much high Coliform (1760 ±13.23 to3180 ±27.61 MPN/ 100 ml) at all the locations reflects the poor water quality of Chandrabhaga River. Recorded values of total dissolved solid (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), alkalinity, phosphate, sodium, potassium and calcium exceeded the WHO standards. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed the highly positive correlations all the time between EC and TDS, TH and TDS, TH and EC, while during high flow period good correlations were recorded between alkalinity and pH, TDS, EC and TH. Irrigation water quality parameters such as soluble sodium percentage (SSP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) and Kelly’s Ratio was evaluated to test the suitability of river water for irrigation purpose.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality and Parameters Leading to Eutrophication in an Urban Water Body

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S4) ◽  
pp. 846-849
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Channel System ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
The Status ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

This study has been carried out to assess surface water quality and the status of eutrophication in the UkkadamPeriyakulam lake which is a part of the Coimbatore Anicut channel system. The lake is fed by the canals of NoyyalRiver, it has a waterspreadarea of 320 acres and a storage capacity of 70 mcft. The water samples for assessment were collected during post monsoon period of the year 2018-19. The physiochemical parameters such as pH, Total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, chlorides, nitrates, sulphates, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, total hardness; bio-chemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, lead and chromium were quantified. The various parameters are used to understand the spatial distribution. The suitability of water for drinking and irrigation purposes based on the results from Water quality index, Residual Sodium Carbonate Index, Sodium Adsorption is being discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Quality and Heavy Metal Concentration across Two Connecting Tropical Lagoons in Lagos, Nigeria

Bio-Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1202-1209
Author(s):  
Gabriel Femi Okunade ◽  
Muyideen Owonire Lawal ◽  
Roland Efe Uwadiae
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Ologe and Badagry Lagoons are important tropical lagoons in Lagos, Nigeria. The water quality and heavy metal concentration were studied for a period of 2 years (Aug. 2016 to Jul. 2018) using standard methods. The least temperature obtained was 28.70±0.05 °C in Ologe Lagoon during the wet season and the maximum recorded was 29.41±0.08 in in Badagry Lagoon during the dry season. During the wet season (May- October) the temperature was steady and similar between the two connecting tropical lagoons. The salinity values vary at different stations in both Lagoon, 0.06 to 0.44 % in Ologe Lagoon and 0.08 to 0.28 % in Badagry Lagoon. Badagry Lagoon showed significant higher values in conductivity, total dissolved solid, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, total suspended solid and total hardness across seasons. Heavy metal results showed that except for lead (0.25±0.10 mg/L), Ologe Lagoon had higher concentrations of all examined heavy metals (Zinc, copper, iron, chromium, lead, cadmium, manganese and cobalt) than Badagry Lagoon across season. Furthermore, cadmium, manganese and cobalt were not detected in Badagry Lagoon across season. The two studied connecting Lagoons especially Ologe Lagoon is exposed to dramatic deterioration in its water quality due to different wastes that discharge into the water body. These lagoons are clearly polluted by metals for various utilizations. As a result, the study suggests enforcing the controls on waste discharged into lagoons.

scholarly journals A comparative evaluation of surface water quality standards for lakes and fish ponds from Bucharest and vicinity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Gina Vasile Scaeteanu ◽  
Roxana Maria Madjar ◽  
Mala-Maria Stravescu-Bedivan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

Monitoring of lakes and ponds water quality parameters is important to evaluate the interactions between quality and effects on aquatic organisms’ growth and health. Even if each water parameter individually may not be relevant, several parameters together can reveal dynamic processes that occur in the water. For instance, unbalanced pH values may increase ammonia and hydrogen sulfide toxicity. Nitrogen and phosphorus are associated with plant and algae growth, although phosphorus is generally the limiting nutrient in freshwater bodies. Accordingly, it is recommended to monitor and assess water quality parameters based on routine analyses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to generate an overview of our researches related to the monitoring of water quality collected from lakes and fish ponds. The parameters on the basis of which was evaluated the quality of water were: pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate-nitrogen (N-NO3-), nitrite nitrogen (N-NO2-), ammonium nitrogen (N-NH4+), phosphate phosphorus (P-PO43-).

scholarly journals Physicochemical assessment of leachate from Pokhara landfill site and its impact on the quality of Seti River water, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-201
Author(s):  
Lekha Nath Khanal ◽  
Namita Paudel Adhikari ◽  
Ganesh Paudel ◽  
Subash Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
World Health ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Guideline Values

The management of municipal solid always poses serious environmental problems on land, air, and groundwater, especially in the case of developing countries. The characterization and assessment of leachates are necessary to understand the water quality in the urban region as well as has enormous importance in sustaining the livelihoods of people in the riverine environment maintaining the ecological balance. Landfill leachate contains thousands of complex components, which contaminate the nearby water bodies, and communities with several hazardous ingredients. The present study was conducted to assess the influence of landfill leachates on the quality of Seti River water. The samples were collected from four stations (Tatopani, Ramghat, Landfill, Below landfill, and Kotre). The samples were analyzed for pH, total hardness, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, turbidity, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity (EC), Cl-, NH3, and PO43- by standard methods. The pH and EC were measured in situ whereas other parameters were analyzed in the laboratory adopting standard protocols. The physicochemical parameters of river water and that of leachates were compared to monitor the level of contamination. The research reveals the landfill to have insignificant pollution of water on matching the parameters with World Health Organization (WHO) guideline values. Regular monitoring of the quality of river water and sustainable management of solid waste is essential for the ecological quality and integrity of the environment in the region. Scientific information obtained by this study could contribute to policymakers for the sustainable management of water quality and landfill in the downstream and urban segments of the river basins.

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