scholarly journals Enhancing PIGPEN Image Steganography Method by Using Zigzag Scanning

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. A. Abdelmgeid ◽  
A. A. Bahgat ◽  
Al-Hussien Seddik Saad ◽  
Maha Mohamed Gomaa
Keyword(s):  
Digital Images ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
High Peak ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Art And Science ◽  
File Formats

Steganography is the art and science of writing hidden messages in such a way that no one suspects the existence of the message, a form of security through obscurity. Many different carrier file formats can be used, but digital images are the most popular because of their frequency on the internet. In this paper explains the PIGPEN image steganography technique which modifies the secret message itself not the technique of embedding. This technique represents the secret message characters by two decimal digits only not three decimal digits as ASCII encoding. So, it can save one third of the required space for embedding the message in an image. The PIGPEN technique will be enhanced by using the zigzag scanning to increase the security and achieves higher visual quality as indicated by the high peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) in spite of hiding a large number of secret bits in the image.

Secure Data Transfer Using Image Steganography

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VIII) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Nisha Manral
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
File Formats ◽  
Secure Data ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Weak Points

Steganography is the art of hiding the fact that communication is taking place, by hiding information in other information. Many different carrier file formats can be used, but digital images are the most popular because of their frequency on the Internet. For hiding secret information in images, there exists a large variety of steganographic techniques some are more complex than others and all of them have respective strong and weak points. Different applications have different requirements of the steganography technique used. For example, some applications may require absolute invisibility of the secret information, while others require a larger secret message to be hidden. This paper intends to give an overview of image steganography, its uses and techniques. It also attempts to identify the requirements of a good steganographic algorithm and briefly reflects on which steganographic techniques are more suitable for which applications.

scholarly journals Image Steganography

2021 ◽  
pp. 337-341
Author(s):  
Sakshi Meshram ◽  
Pragati Nimje ◽  
Apeksha Dhengre ◽  
Tanvi Bingewar ◽  
Gauri Shende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Images ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
File Formats ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
Audio Files

Steganography is the art of hiding the fact that communication is taking place, by hiding information in other information. Many different carrier file formats can be used, but digital images are the most popular because of their frequency on the Internet. For hiding secret information in images, there exists a large variety of stenographic techniques some are more complex than others and all of them have respective strong and weak points. Different applications have different requirements of the steganography technique used. For example, some applications may require absolute invisibility of the secret information, while others require a larger secret message to be hidden. This project intends to give an overview of image steganography, its uses and techniques. It also supports steganography in Audio files. For a more secure approach, the project encrypts the message using secret key and then sends it to the receiver. The receiver then decrypts the message to get the original one.

Multilevel Secure Digital Image Steganography Framework Using Random Function and Advanced Encryption Standard

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 4812-4825
Author(s):  
Mohsin N. Srayyih Almaliki
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Random Function ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Preparation Phase ◽  
Noise Ratio

One of the crucial aspects of processes and methodologies in the information and communication technology era is the security of information. The security of information should be a key priority in the secret exchange of information between two parties. In order to ensure the security of information, there are some strategies which are used, and they include steganography and cryptography. With cryptography, the secret message is converted into unintelligible text, but the existence of the secret message is noticed, nonetheless, steganography involves hiding the secret message in a way that its presence cannot be noticed. In this paper, a new secure image steganography framework which is known as an adaptive stego key LSB (ASK-LSB) framework is proposed. The construction of the proposed framework was carried out in four phases with the aim of improving the data-hiding algorithm in cover images by using capacity, image quality, and security. To achieve this, the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of the steganography framework was maintained. The four phases began with the image preparation phase, followed by the secret message preparation phase, embedding phase and finally extraction phase. The secure image steganography framework that is proposed in this study is based on a new adaptive of least significant bit substitution method, combination random function, and encryption method. In the proposed work, the secret bits are inserted directly or inversely, thereby enhancing the imperceptibility and complexity of the process of embedding. Results from the experiment reveal that the algorithm has better image quality index, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and payload used in the evaluation of the stego image.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Image Steganography Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 8075-8079
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Video File ◽  
The Public ◽  
File Formats ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Least Significant Bits

This is age of fast communication and data revolution. Huge amount of data is transmitted and received in every second utilizing the current infrastructure. Providing the security and maintaining integrity of the data while it is being transferred through the public channels is a challenging task. Steganography can be used in this purpose by concealing the data inside text, image, audio or video file formats and send the files to the other end. This paper gives an overview of various image steganography methods. To hide secret information in images various steganographic methods are available which have their own pros and cons. In this paper we have discussed the types of image steganography. Here we propose two different image steganography methods using Modified Least Significant Bits (LSB) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) methods. Also, the results are analyzed using different parameters like Peak signal to noise ratio(PSNR), Mean Square Error(MSE) to find out the efficiency of the proposed methods

Efficient Steganography Algorithm Based On DCT And Entropy Thresholding Technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Satvir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Relative Entropy ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Random Function ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Binary Sequence ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Confidential Information

Steganography is the special art of hidding important and confidential information in appropriate multimedia carrier. It also restrict the detection of  hidden messages. In this paper we proposes steganographic method based on dct and entropy thresholding technique. The steganographic algorithm uses random function in order to select block of the image where the elements of the binary sequence of a secret message will be inserted. Insertion takes place at the lower frequency  AC coefficients of the  block. Before we insert the secret  message. Image under goes dc transformations after insertion of the secret message we apply inverse dc transformations. Secret message will only be inserted into a particular block if  entropy value of that particular block is greater then threshold value of the entropy and if block is selected by the random function. In  Experimental work we calculated the peak signal to noise ratio(PSNR), Absolute difference , Relative entropy. Proposed algorithm give high value of PSNR  and low value of Absolute difference which clearly indicate level of distortion in image due to insertion of secret message is reduced. Also value of  relative entropy is close to zero which clearly indicate proposed algorithm is sufficiently secure. 

scholarly journals Audio steganography based on least significant bits algorithm with 4D grid multi-wing hyper-chaotic system

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Hussein Abdulameer Abdulkadhim ◽  
Jinan Nsaif Shehab
Keyword(s):  
Mean Square Error ◽  
Chaotic System ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Protection Level ◽  
Voice Message ◽  
Least Significant Bits

Although variety in hiding methods used to protect data and information transmitted via channels but still need more robustness and difficulty to improve protection level of the secret messages from hacking or attacking. Moreover, hiding several medias in one media to reduce the transmission time and band of channel is the important task and define as a gain channel. This calls to find other ways to be more complexity in detecting the secret message. Therefore, this paper proposes cryptography/steganography method to hide an audio/voice message (secret message) in two different cover medias: audio and video. This method is use least significant bits (LSB) algorithm combined with 4D grid multi-wing hyper-chaotic (GMWH) system. Shuffling of an audio using key generated by GMWH system and then hiding message using LSB algorithm will provide more difficulty of extracting the original audio by hackers or attackers. According to analyses of obtained results in the receiver using peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR)/mean square error (MSE) and sensitivity of encryption key, the proposed method has more security level and robustness. Finally, this work will provide extra security to the mixture base of crypto-steganographic methods.

scholarly journals An Image Steganography Algorithm using Fractional Discrete Wavelet Transform with Advanced Encryption System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-546
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Discrete Wavelet Transform ◽  
Mean Square Error ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio

The research constitutes a distinctive technique of steganography of image. The procedure used for the study is Fractional Random Wavelet Transform (FRWT). The contrast between wavelet transform and the aforementioned FRWT is that it comprises of all the benefits and features of the wavelet transform but with additional highlights like randomness and partial fractional value put up into it. As a consequence of the fractional value and the randomness, the algorithm will give power and a rise in the surveillance layers for steganography. The stegano image will be acquired after administrating the algorithm which contains not only the coated image but also the concealed image. Despite the overlapping of two images, any diminution in the grade of the image is not perceived. Through this steganographic process, we endeavor for expansion in surveillance and magnitude as well. After running the algorithm, various variables like Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise ratio (PSNR) are deliberated. Through the intended algorithm, a rise in the power and imperceptibility is perceived and it can also support diverse modification such as scaling, translation and rotation with algorithms which previously prevailed. The irrefutable outcome demonstrated that the algorithm which is being suggested is indeed efficacious.

scholarly journals Digital Image Steganography Using Bit Flipping

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Kumar Sahu ◽  
Gandharba Swain ◽  
E. Suresh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
The State ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Hiding Capacity ◽  
State Of Art

Abstract This article proposes bit flipping method to conceal secret data in the original image. Here a block consists of 2 pixels and thereby flipping one or two LSBs of the pixels to hide secret information in it. It exists in two variants. Variant-1 and Variant-2 both use 7th and 8th bit of a pixel to conceal the secret data. Variant-1 hides 3 bits per a pair of pixels and the Variant-2 hides 4 bits per a pair of pixels. Our proposed method notably raises the capacity as well as bits per pixel that can be hidden in the image compared to existing bit flipping method. The image steganographic parameters such as, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), hiding capacity, and the Quality Index (Q.I) of the proposed techniques has been compared with the results of the existing bit flipping technique and some of the state of art article.

scholarly journals Perona-Malik Model with Diffusion Coefficient Depending on Fractional Gradient via Caputo-Fabrizio Derivative

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Gustavo Asumu Mboro Nchama ◽  
Angela Leon Mecias ◽  
Mariano Rodriguez Ricard
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Natural Images ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Diffusivity Function

The Perona-Malik (PM) model is used successfully in image processing to eliminate noise while preserving edges; however, this model has a major drawback: it tends to make the image look blocky. This work proposes to modify the PM model by introducing the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional gradient inside the diffusivity function. Experiments with natural images show that our model can suppress efficiently the blocky effect. Also, our model has good performance in visual quality, high peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and lower value of mean absolute error (MAE) and mean square error (MSE).

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