African Americans and Depression: The Development of a Culturally Competent Depression Scale for Reducing Treatment Disparities

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
B. R. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Treatment Disparities

scholarly journals Cross-Cultural Comparisons of Subjective Cognitive Complaints in a Diverse Primary Care Population

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Danelly Rodríguez ◽  
Emmeline Ayers ◽  
Erica F. Weiss ◽  
Joe Verghese
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Primary Care Clinic ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Primary Care Population ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Complaints

Background: Very few studies have explored the utility of subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) in primary care settings. Objective: We aim to investigate associations between SCCs (item-level), objective cognitive function (across domains and global), and mood in a diverse primary care population, including subjects with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: We studied 199 (75.9%females; 57.8%Hispanics; 42.2%African Americans) older adults (mean age 72.5 years) with memory concerns at a primary care clinic. A five-item SCC questionnaire, and objective cognitive assessments, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Geriatric Depression Scale, were administered. Results: Logistic regression analyses showed associations between SCC score and depressive symptoms. A memory-specific (“memory worsening”) SCC predicted scores on the MoCA (p = 0.005) in Hispanics. Conclusion: SCCs are strongly linked to depressive symptoms in African Americans and Hispanics in a primary care setting; a specific type of SCC is related to global cognitive function in Hispanics.

Suicide Acceptability and Religious Well-Being: A Comparative Analysis in African American Suicide Attempters and Non-Attempters

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deidre M. Anglin ◽  
Kamieka O. S. Gabriel ◽  
Nadine J. Kaslow
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Community Programming ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mental Health Programs

This study was designed to examine the relationship between suicide acceptability and religious well-being, and to investigate the differences that may exist between African American suicide attempters and non-attempters on these two concepts. Two hundred low-income, African Americans were administered self-report questionnaires measuring suicide acceptability and religious well-being. Findings indicated that suicide acceptability was negatively related to religious well-being for both suicide attempters and non-attempters. There was also a significant difference between these two groups on suicide acceptability and religious well-being. Results were consistent with previous research that suggests that African Americans who attempt suicide endorse higher levels of suicide acceptability and lower levels of religious well-being than do their nonattempter counterparts. These findings have important implications for culturally-competent community programming and community mental health programs that serve low-income ethnic minority populations.

Culturally Competent Diabetes Education

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Anderson-Loftin ◽  
Steve Barnett ◽  
Peggy Bunn ◽  
Patra Sullivan ◽  
James Hussey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose The purpose of this study was to test effects of a culturally competent, dietary self-management intervention on physiological outcomes and dietary behaviors for African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Methods A longitudinal experimental study was conducted in rural South Carolina with a sample of 97 adult African Americans with type 2 diabetes who were randomly assigned to either usual care or the intervention. The intervention consisted of 4 weekly classes in low-fat dietary strategies, 5 monthly peer-professional group discussions, and weekly telephone follow-up. The culturally competent approach reflected the ethnic beliefs, values, customs, food preferences, language, learning methods, and health care practices of southern African Americans. Results Body mass index and dietary fat behaviors were significantly lowered in the experimental group. At 6 months, weight decreased 1.8 kg (4 lb) for the experimental group and increased 1.9 kg (4.2 lb) for the control group, a net difference of 3.7 kg (8.2 lb). The experimental group reduced high-fat dietary habits to moderate while high-fat dietary habits of the control group remained essentially unchanged. A trend in reduction of A1C and lipids was observed. Conclusions Results suggest the effectiveness of a culturally competent dietary self-management intervention in improving health outcomes for southern African Americans, especially those at risk due to high-fat diets and body mass index ≥ 35 kg/mm2. Given the burgeoning problem of obesity in South Carolina and the nation, the time has come to focus on aggressive weight management. Diabetes educators are in pivotal positions to assume leadership in achieving this goal for vulnerable, rural populations.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Cognition in Older, Non-demented African Americans

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 756-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie L. Hamilton ◽  
Adam M. Brickman ◽  
Rosalyn Lang ◽  
Goldie S. Byrd ◽  
Jonathan L. Haines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Causal Pathway ◽  
Older African Americans ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractKnowledge of the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognition in older adults has primarily come from studies of clinically depressed, functionally impaired or cognitively impaired individuals, and in predominately White samples. Limited minority representation in depression research exposes the need to examine these associations in more ethnic/racially diverse populations. We sought to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognition in a sample of non-demented older African Americans recruited from surrounding U.S. cities of New York, Greensboro, Miami, and Nashville (N=944). Depressive symptoms were evaluated with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Cognition was evaluated with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Test scores were summarized into attention, executive function, memory, language, and processing speed composites. Controlling for age, education, reading level, and sex, African American older adults who endorsed more symptoms obtained significantly lower scores on measures of memory, language, processing speed, and executive functioning. Further investigation of the causal pathway underlying this association, as well as potential mediators of the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive test performance among older African Americans, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, may offer potential avenues for intervention. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1–8)

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