scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship between Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Advanced Breeding Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 350-358
Author(s):  
Danish Mushtaq ◽  
Bupesh Kumar ◽  
Praveen Singh ◽  
Manmohan Sharma ◽  
Ashish Sheera
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Breeding Lines

Aim: Present study endeavors to explore the genetic variability for various agro-morphological and quality traits as well as to delineate the association between grain yield and its yield attributing components Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Design Place and Duration of Study: Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, She-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu during kharif 2020. Methodology: A experiment was carried out to determine the association between grain yield and yield attributing components among advanced breeding lines of rice to establish a well grounded selection criteria for developing rice varieties with improved grain yield. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was found to be relatively greater than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for most of traits indicating role of environment in the phenotypic expression of traits. Characters viz., plant height, total number of tillers per plant, number of effective tillers per plant, panicle length and grain yield per plant exhibited high heritability coupled with high genetic advance indicating their efficient inheritance from preceding generations. Results: Association studies indicated that characters viz., Plant height, total number of tillers per plant, number of effective tillers per plant, panicle length, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant had a significant positive relationship with grain yield per plot indicating their role in breeding rice varieties for higher grain yield. Conclusion: Cause and effect relationship revealed that traits viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, total number of tillers per plant, days to maturity, panicle length and grain yield per plant can be exploited for indirect selection for improving grain yield.

Assessment of genetic variability for quantitative characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under post flood situation in sali

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Dalibha Pathak ◽  
Umesh Ch. Kalita
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle

Sixteen genotypes of rice (including one check) were evaluated on 18 quantitative traits during sali (August), 2018 in a randomized block design with three replications at Instruction cum Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to study the nature and magnitude of variability, heritability and genetic advance under delayed sown condition. The analysis of variance for 18 quantitative traits revealed the presence of significant differences for grain yield and its component characters. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was observed for chaffs per panicle followed by grains per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), spikelets per panicle, grain yield (kg/ha). A high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height (cm), spikelets per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), chaffs per panicle, grains per panicle, grain yield (g/hill), grain yield (kg/ha), biological yield (kg/ha), straw weight (kg/ha) and harvest index (%) indicating that selection might be effective for improvement of these characters under delayed sown condition with low input. From the findings of this investigation, one genotype viz., Gandhari emerged as the outstanding genotype which yielded 4170 kg/ha and could be directly used for cultivation in delayed sown situation with low inputs. Some other promising genotypes that yielded higher than the check Manoharsali under delayed sown condition were JR 29, JR 16, Basundhara and JR 60 and could be utilized as potential parental material in the hybridization programmes designed to develop suitable rice varieties for delayed sown situation.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Divergence Studies on Yield under Delayed Sowing Conditions in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
S. Vanisri ◽  
V. Ishwrya Laxmi ◽  
K. Charles Wesly ◽  
B. Priyanka ◽  
M. Sreedhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Panicle Length

Timely sowing is a critical factor in realizing the yield as it ensures the vegetative growth to crop up during a period of satisfactory temperatures and fits the cultivar maturity length and growing season. In the present investigation, 38 cold tolerant rice genotypes were studied under delayed sowing conditions at College Farm, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad. The genotypes were evaluated for yield attributing traits with a view of understanding the extent of variability and diversity present among the genotypes that could be suitable for delayed sowing conditions with cold tolerance. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated significant differences for all the characters with high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) values for tillers per plant, spikelet fertility, filled grains per panicle and seed yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of the mean was observed for plant height, spikelet fertility, filled grains per panicle with higher variability indicating the presence of fixable gene action which may suggest a reliable crop improvement through selection of these traits. As association analysis could help the breeder to design selection strategies to improve grain yield, correlation studies were carried out which revealed the trait to be having positive relation with all the traits except panicle exertion and panicle length. Path coefficient analysis showed all the traits except panicle exertion and test weight to be exhibiting a direct positive effect on yield, selection for which should be emphasized on these positively associated traits for yield enhancement. Principal component analysis and D2 analysis together determined plant height, grain yield, panicle exertion, panicle length and yield per plant having higher contributions to the total variability, which could be taken into consideration in rice breeding programmes for further improvement in production.

scholarly journals Effect of different age of seedlings on the growth and yield performance of transplanted Aus rice variety

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Md. Khairul Islam ◽  
Kawsar Hossen ◽  
Mithila Afroge ◽  
Arman Hosen ◽  
Kazi A. A. Matin Masum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Minimum Number

An experiment was conducted in the Agriculture Field Laboratory, Noakhali Science and Technology University (NSTU) to evaluate the effects of age of seedlings on the yield and growth performance of transplanted Aus (T. Aus) rice variety from April 2019 to July 2019. The experiment was carried out assigning four age of seedlings (T1 = 22-day old, T2 = 24-day old, T3 = 27-day old, T4 = 30-day old) and two rice varieties (V1 = BRRI dhan83, V2 = BRRI dhan65). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. In case of variety, the highest plant height (102.108 cm), the highest grain yield (2.643 t/ha), and the highest harvest index (32.317%) were obtained in BRRI dhan83 where the lowest plant height (87.804 cm), the lowest grain yield (2.431 t/ha) and the lowest harvest index (32.068%) were obtained in BRRRI dhan65. The age of seedlings had significantly affected total tillers/hill, effective tillers/hill, panicle length in T. Aus rice variety. The highest plant height (98.16 cm), straw yield (6.122 t/ha), the maximum number of effective tillers/hill (15.347) were obtained in 24 days old seedlings. The highest grain yield (2.634 t/ha) was obtained from 27 days old seedlings, and the highest harvest index (33.88%) was obtained from 22 days old seedlings. The lowest grain yield (2.429) was obtained from 24 days old seedlings, and the lowest panicle length (13.753 cm), harvest index (30.467%), and the minimum number of effective tillers/hill (13.753) were obtained from 30 days old seedlings. The lowest straw yield (5.075 t/ha) and plant height (93.16 cm) were obtained from 22 days old seedlings. In case of interaction, the highest plant height (104.667 cm) and the harvest index (34.86%) were observed in BRRI dhan83 at 27 days old seedlings. The highest straw yield (5.805 t/ha) was observed in BRRI dhan65 at 30 days old seedlings. The maximum number of effective tillers/hill (18.519) was observed in BRRI dhan83 at 24 days old seedlings. The highest grain yield (2.94 t/ha) was observed in BRRI dhan83 at 22 days old seedlings. The lowest plant height (80.67 cm) was observed in BRRI dhan65 at 27 days old seedlings. The minimum number of total tillers/hill (17.01) was observed in BRRI dhan83 at 22 days old seedlings; lowest panicle length (20.78 cm), the minimum number of grains/panicle (68.07) were observed in BRRI dhan65 at 24 days old seedlings; 1000 grains weight (22.76 g), the lowest grain yield (2.18 t/ha) were observed in BRRI dhan83 at 24 days old seedlings; the lowest straw yield (4.54 t/ha) was observed in BRRI dhan65 at 22 days seedlings old and lowest harvest index (29.09%) were observed in BRRI dhan65 at 30 days old seedlings. Based on the above results, it may be concluded that almost all of the yield and yield contributing characters of T. Aus rice performed best under the interaction between age of seedlings 22 days old seedlings and the variety BRRI dhan85.

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITY, CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENT TRAITS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
M. N. Huda ◽  
M. S. Hossain ◽  
M. Sonom
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Positive Direct

The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka during March to June, 2014 to study the genetic variability, correlation and path co-efficient analysis for yield and yield contributing characters of maize. In this experiment 25 maize genotypes were used as experimental materials. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Mean performance, variability, correlation matrix and path analysis on different yield contributing characters and yield of maize genotypes were estimated. The highest grain yield/plant (272.21 g) was recorded in the genotype of BARI Hybrid Maize-6, whereas the lowest grain yield/plant (180.40 g) from the genotype of NZ-003. Phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation for all the yield contributing traits. In correlation study, significant positive association was recorded for grain yield/plant of maize genotypes with plant height (0.235), tassel height (0.359), number of grains/cob (0.854), cob length (0.390), cob diameter (0.313) and weight of 1000-grains (0.689). Path analysis revealed that days to initiation of male flower had positive direct effect (0.132), days to initiation of female flower had negative direct effect (-0.254), days to maturity had positive direct effect (0.178), plant height had positive direct effect (0.314), tassel height had positive direct effect (0.234), ear length had positive direct effect (0.197), number of grains/cob had negative direct effect (-0.095), cob length had positive direct effect (0.167), cob diameter had positive direct effect (0.168) and that weight of 1000-grains had positive direct effect (0.217) on yield / plant.

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Spacing and Fertilizer Management on the Yield Performance of BRRI dhan39 under Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (.1-.4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahan S ◽  
◽  
Sarkar M A R ◽  
Paul S K
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Floodplain Soil

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from June to December 2015 to investigate the effect of spacing and fertilizer management on the yield of transplanted Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan39. The experiment comprised of five spacings viz. 25 × 5 cm, 25 × 10 cm, 25 × 15 cm, 25 × 20 cm, 25 × 25 cm and four fertilizer schedules viz. no manure and no fertilizer (control), recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (80-60-40 kg N, P2 O5 , K2 O ha-1, respectively + 60 kg ha-1 gypsum + 10 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 ), 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + cow dung at 5 t ha-1, 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Plant height (104.60 cm), number of total tillers hill-1 (11.03), panicle length (22.25 cm), grains panicle-1 (109.00) and grain yield (4.42 t ha-1) were found to be the highest in 25 × 15 cm spacing. Regarding nutrient management, 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + cow dung at 5 t ha-1 superseded other treatments in terms of plant height (107.50 cm), number of total tillers hill-1 (10.40), number of effective tillers hill-1 (7.68), panicle length (22.26 cm), grains panicle-1 (111.70) and grain yield (4.14 t ha-1). The control treatment (no manures and no fertilizers) gave the lowest values for all these parameters. The highest grain yield (4.57 t ha-1) was found in 25 × 15 cm spacing combined with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + cow dung at 5 t ha-1 and the lowest grain yield (2.50 t ha-1) was found in 25 × 5 cm spacing combined with control (no manures and fertilizers). Therefore, 25 × 15 cm spacing combined with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + cow dung at 5 t ha-1 appeared as the promising practice in transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan39 cultivation.

scholarly journals ESTIMATING VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY, AND GENETIC ADVANCE OF RICE GENOTYPES IN MID-HILLS OF NEPAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Sashi Lamichhane ◽  
Nav Raj Adhikari ◽  
Bishwas K.C. ◽  
Sapana Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Improvement Programs

<p>Rice is an essential staple food in Nepal but researches and varietal improvement programs are rarely carried out due to inadequate variability study. The field study was carried to diagnose the influence of genetic and environmental factors on yield traits to aid future rice breeding programs. Twelve genotypes were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications from July to November 2019 at the research field of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, in the hilly area of Nepal. Analysis of variance showed significant difference for days to 50% booting, days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, flag leaf area, filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains per panicle, fertility percentage, effective tillers m<sup>-2</sup>, straw yield, grain yield, 1000-grain weight, and harvesting index indicating the presence of variation in genotypes. LPN BR-1615 was the most promising genotype in grain yield. The values of Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) were higher than Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) for each trait and low difference between them was found for days to 50% booting, days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, grain yield, thousand-grain weight, fertility percentage, and harvesting index. Plant height, effective tillers m<sup>-2</sup>, and grain yield showed high heritability (i.e. 93.2%, 60.5% and 92.6%, respectively) and higher genetic advance as percentage of mean (i.e. 46.5, 34.6 and 50.1, respectively) . Thus, the experiment revealed that selections favoring plant height, effective tillers m<sup>-2</sup>, and grain yield would help in effective breeding programs of rice in future.</p>

scholarly journals Combining ability studies for yield, associated traits and quality attributes in rice for South Gujarat (Oryza sativa L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Navin Chander Gahtyari ◽  
P. I. Patel ◽  
Rakesh Choudhary ◽  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Kernel Length

Line x tester analysis using a set of four females, ten males and their forty hybrids was carried out to esti-mate the general combining ability of parents and specific combining ability of hybrids for yield and ten other associ-ated components in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in a Randomized Block Design during Kharif 2011. GCA variances for females (s2f) were significant at 0.1% level of significance for plant height (40.8), no. of grains per panicle (505.9), grain yield per plant (29.1), test weight(17.9), straw yield per plant (61.3) and kernel L/B ratio (0.2) whereas specific combining ability (SCA) variances for f x m interactions were highly significant for all the characters. Non-additive gene action was prevalent in all characters (Range: 0.03 in amylose content to 0.88 in kernel length breadth ratio) except plant height (1.33) as evident by low GCA to SCA ratio. None of the parents were good general combiner for all traits, however, female IR-28 and male AMT-119 and PNR-546 were good general combiners for a maximum number of traits i.e. five traits out of eleven.. The general combining ability for grain yield per plant for female parent Gurjari (6.19) and NVSR-178 (5.29); and male parents AMT 119 (2.73) and PNR 546 (2.44) makes them a good choice for improving yields in a hybridization programme as these female and male parents are also having signifi-cant GCA effects for maximum number of yield associated traits i.e. four and five traits out of eleven for female and male parents respectively. A vis-à-vis comparison of top three specific combining ability crosses with their mean performance showed correlation and these crosses were having at least one good general combining ability parent.

scholarly journals Character Association Studies in Lowland Rice Cultivars of Bihar

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Nitesh Kushwaha ◽  
Ravi Kant ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
.` Nilanjaya ◽  
Digvijay Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Main Axis ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Improvement Programs

The present investigation was carried out with aim to deduce the association among different characters with grain yield, i.e. their mutual relation with help of correlation analysis as well as to identify the component trait which are directly or indirectly contributing to the yield. The experiment was carried out at Rice Breeding Section, Pusa, Samastipur in kharif, 2018 from June, 26 to December 28. Total of twenty-two lowland rice accessions were sown in Randomized complete Block design Fashion (R.C.B.D.), with three replications. Fifteen characters including grain yield were observed for the experiment and data was collected at respective stages. The correlation coefficient analysis revealed that grain length, root volume, panicle length of main axis, number of panicles per hill, showed positive significant correlation with grain yield per plant. Hence, emphasis should be given to these traits in selection process during yield improvement programs. Grain length, root volume, panicle length of main axis and leaf length showed high direct effect on grain yield per plant. Hence, selection based on these characters would be more effective for yield improvement.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Doses of Urea on the Yield of Boro Rice Varieties in Haor Areas of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mahmudul Karim ◽  
Md. Abul Kashem ◽  
Azmul Huda ◽  
Md. Abdul Aziz ◽  
Bani Krishna Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Boro Rice

The experiment was carried out at Sunamganj district during November 2016 to May 2017 to observed the effect of urea fertilizer on the yield of boro rice varieties in haor areas of Bangladesh. Two factors experiment viz. Varieties BRRI dhan29 and BRRI dhan58; and six urea fertilizer levels including: 340 (F1), 320 (F2), 300 (F3), 280 (F4), 260 (F5), and 165 kg ha-1 (F6) [Farmer’s practice (FP)] were used. In case of F1-F5, the MoP-TSP-CaS04-ZnS04 as 127-112-75-11 kg ha-1 were used while Farmers’ practice (FP) was done with only 82 kg ha-1 TSP. The experiment was laid out in two factors randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three farmers’ replications. Data were collected on growth, yield and yield contributing characters of boro rice. Plant height varied at harvest stage in relation to variety and fertilizer. The tillers production hill-1 varied at harvest in case of variety and urea application. Higher plant height was found in BRRI dhan58 (93.9 cm) in comparison to BRRI dhan29 (90.3 cm). Plant height was also influenced due to urea fertilizers application. The higher tillers hill-1 (15.9), effective tillers hill-1 (12.3) and longer panicle length (21.1 cm) were produced by BRRI dhan58 at harvest compared to BRRI dhan29. The longest panicle (21.4 cm) was produced in the treatment F3 (300 kg urea ha-1). Higher number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 (58.5) and 1000-grain weight (23.2 g) was produced by BRRI dhan58. Higher number of grains panicle-1 (137.5) was produced by BRRI dhan29. The highest grain yield (6.7 t ha-1) and straw yield (7.91 t ha-1) were obtained in the treatment F3 (300 kg urea ha-1). The experimental soil analyses showed that the nutrient contents in post-harvest soils were higher compared to initial soil due to balanced fertilizer application. It is concluded that 300 kg urea ha-1 promoted highest grain yield.

scholarly journals GENETIC ANALYSIS AND SELECTION CRITERIA IN ADVANCED BREEDING LINES OF DEEP WATER RICE

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Khaleda Akter ◽  
S. H. Habib ◽  
M. K. Bashar ◽  
A. M. Nurunnabi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Breeding Lines

Thirty advanced breeding lines of deep-water rice were evaluated during T. Aman season (rainfed ecosystem) with a view to finding out variability and genetic association for grain yield and its component characters. All the tested characters showed significant variation. The highest genetic variability was obtained in filled grains/panicle followed by plant height. Panicles/plant, filled grains/panicle and grain yield had high genetic coefficient of variation and heritability in broad sense coupled with high genetic advance in percentage of mean. Panicle length, panicles/plant, plant height, filled grains/panicle and harvest index showed significant positive association with grain yield. Path coefficient analysis also revealed maximum positive and direct contribution of filled grain to grain yield followed by panicles/plant, 1000-grain weight and flag leaf area. Moreover, plant height had the highest indirect effect on grain yield through filled grains/panicle. Flag leaf area, harvest index and panicle length also had higher positive indirect effect on grain yield through filled grains/panicle.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v20i1.17024

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