Changes in the Ripening Characteristics and Shelf Life of Mango Fruits as Related to the Application of Coating Based on Cocoa Leaf Extracts

The influence of edible coatings based on cocoa leaf extracts on the ripening of ''Belle-Dame'' mangoes has been evaluated, to contribute to the improvement of the shelf life of these fruits after harvest. There were overall treatment-independent decreases in the firmness and chlorophylls levels, and increases in total soluble solids content, water content, physiological weight loss and β-carotene concentration during the ripening of mango fruits. These variations were very rapid in control fruits, reflecting an accelerated ripening process that led to the senescence of these fruits from day 9 after harvest onwards. In treated fruits, variations of different parameters were slow with significant differences between the treated fruits and controls. These inhibitory effects of coatings resulted in a delay of the ripening process and consequently to a shift of the onset of senescence to 12 days after harvest. In addition to the extension of shelf life by three days, treatments of mango fruits by dipping them in solutions containing cocoa leaf extracts induced a higher accumulation of β-carotene in coated fruits as compared to controls, thereby enhancing the nutritional value of the former.

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The Quality of Superior Seedless Bunches during Shelf Life as Determined by Growth on Different Rootstocks

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11100990 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 990

Author(s):

A. A. Lo’ay ◽

Hamed Ismail ◽

Hazem S. Kassem

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Ion Leakage ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Close Attention ◽

Oxidative Reactions ◽

Seedless Grape ◽

Metabolism Enzyme ◽

Solids Content

Vineyard rootstocks are an important tool in the local and international market for growing the Superior Seedless grape cultivar, which is highly favored by customers. As a result, it is vital to pay close attention to the quality of clusters during handling. The current study aimed to determine whether Superior Seedless vines can be grown on specific rootstocks, resulting in higher quality during shelf life. Vines of the Superior Seedless vine cultivar that were used were 13 years old and had been grown on sandy soil. These vines were grafted onto four different rootstocks (genotypes), namely Freedom, 1103 Paulsen, SO4, and Own Root. The soluble solids content (SSC%) was selected as 16%. Bunches were subsequently stored in the lab at 27 ± 1 °C with 57 ± 3% air relative humidity for three days. Rootstock 1103 Paulsen’s quality was found to be superior to that of the other rootstocks, according to the results of the study. Rootstock 1103 Paulsen maintained its ascorbic acid (AA) content, which is reflected in its antioxidant capacity, according to the results. In addition, lipid peroxidation accumulation and ion leakage percentages indicated that oxidative reactions were at their lowest levels. The results show that 1103 Paulsen decreases cellular metabolism enzyme activities at the shelf life level and improves the bunch quality of Superior Seedless (scion) grapes within 4 days of application. As a whole, the results show that the 1103 Paulsen rootstock produces Superior Seedless bunches of a high quality that is preserved throughout the shelf life period.

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Effect of Some Citrus Essential Oils on Post-Harvest Shelf Life and Physicochemical Quality of Strawberries during Cold Storage

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10101466 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1466

Author(s):

Said A. Shehata ◽

Emad A. Abdeldaym ◽

Marwa R. Ali ◽

Reda M. Mohamed ◽

Rwotonen I. Bob ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Polyphenol Oxidase ◽

Oxidase Activity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Polyphenol Oxidase Activity ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Solids Content

Utilization of essential oils alone or incorporation with edible films is an appropriate technique to conserve the quality attributes and reduce post-harvest deterioration in fresh vegetables and fruits. Strawberries, being perishable fruits have a short shelf life, and using essential oils is considered one of the most suitable methods to prolong their shelf life during storage. The current study assessed the impact of different essential oils, including lemon oil (L), orange oil (O) and mandarin oil (M) on the physicochemical and microbial load of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa cv. Festival) stored at 2 ± 1 °C and 95% relative humidity (RH) for 18 days. The differences in the physicochemical and microbial properties of strawberries were assessed by determining the following parameter changes: weight loss, decay percentage, firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, color, anthocyanins, vitamin C, total phenol, total antioxidant, catalase activity, polyphenol oxidase activity, sensory evaluation, microbial content, total coliforms, molds, and yeasts. The results of this study indicated that the fruits treated with all essential oils treatments (L, O and M) had higher total antioxidant content and physicochemical properties than untreated fruits, due to protection against the microbial growth of molds, and yeasts. At the end of the storage period, the treated fruits showed a greater acceptance and sensory attributes than the untreated fruits. Furthermore, the correlation study showed a significant and negative relationship between the total antioxidant of treated fruits and following quality attributes including, weight loss, decay percentage, respiration rate soluble solids content, polyphenol oxidase activity, molds, and yeasts. It is noteworthy that all the essential oil treatments extended the shelf-life of strawberries and delayed their deterioration up to 18 days.

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Effect of Plant Based Preservatives on Shelf Life and Quality of Mango Fruits (Mangifera indica) During Storage

Asian Journal of Biology ◽

10.9734/ajob/2019/v8i130053 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Augustin Schinzoumka Passannet ◽

Jean Aghofack-Nguemezi ◽

Donatien Gatsing

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Distribution Networks ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Total Soluble Solids ◽

Weight Losses ◽

Solids Content ◽

And Control

Mango is one of the main fruits grown in Chad. However, it is prone to high post-harvest losses due to lack of adequate distribution networks, appropriate harvesting and conservation methods. The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of coatings based on extracts of Allium sativum (garlic), Zingiber officinale (ginger) and Spirulina platensis (spirulina) on their conservation. Shelf life, weight loss, firmness, pH and total soluble solids content of mangoes were evaluated. The coated mangoes had excellent brillance compared to control mangoes. The coatings based on the extracts of A. sativum, S. platensis and Z. officinale increased respectively the means shelf life of mangoes to 18, 19 and 24 days. Weight losses were 21% for control mangoes while they were 13% for mangoes coated using mixture containing extracts of A. sativum and S. platensis and 11% for mangoes coated with Z. officinale. Coatings based on extracts of Z. officinale and S. platensis had statistically comparable effects on the firmness of mangoes but significantly higher than those of A. sativum extracts and controls after the 10th day. pH values and total soluble solids content (TSSC) values of control mangoes were significantly higher than those of coated mangoes. On day 10 after treatment, chlorophylls were absent from the peel of control mangoes whereas they were still present in the peel of coated mangoes. The mangoes coated with extract of Z. officinale reached a shelf life of 24 days. This shelf life was significantly higher than that of mangoes coated with other types of extracts and control mangoes. The coating with Z. officinale extract slowed considerably the ripening of mangoes. It can be recommended for conservation of mangoes in fresh.

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Improvement of Storability and Shelf-life of ‘Blackamber’ Plums Treated with 1-methylcyclopropene

Food Science and Technology International ◽

10.1177/1082013206069909 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 437-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A. P. Candan ◽

J. Graell ◽

C. Crisosto ◽

C. Larrigaudière

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Chilling Injury ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Quality Changes ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Life Changes ◽

Flesh Colour ◽

Solids Content

Rapid softening is one of the most important factors that limits the market life of plums. To avoid this problem, ‘Blackamber’ plums were treated with 0, 150, 300 and 600ppb of 1-methylcyclopropene (1- MCP) and their quality evaluated after 15, 30 and 50 days of storage at 0°C, immediately and after 6 days at 25°C. 1-MCP treatment effectively decreased ethylene production during storage and shelf-life in fruits kept 15 and 30 days at 0°C. In contrast, fruits kept for 50 days at 0°C showed a significant increase in ethylene production during shelf-life. Changes in ethylene production by 1-MCP were associated with a decrease of firmness loss and maintenance of titratable acidity but not with the development of red flesh colour. Soluble solids content of the fruit was not affected by the 1-MCP treatment. In this assay no significant symptoms of chilling injury (CI) or rot were observed. Overall, the results presented in this assay ascertained ethylene on quality changes in ‘Blackamber’ plums. They also showed that 1- MCP could be considered commercially to improve the storage life and resistance to mechanical bruising in ‘Blackamber’ plums without prejudicial effects on quality.

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Biomineralogical investigation of late-harvest grapes colonised by Botrytis cinerea Pers.

Folia Horticulturae ◽

10.2478/fhort-2020-0016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Marek Grabowski ◽

Maciej Pawlikowski

Keyword(s):

Botrytis Cinerea ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Chemical Analyses ◽

Ripening Process ◽

Harvest Dates ◽

Solids Content ◽

Grape Varieties

AbstractThe ripening process of two grape varieties in the vineyard located in the Sandomierz region was examined. In 2015, the ‘Regent’ and the ‘Sibera’ varieties reached physiological ripeness on 30th September and 3rd October, respectively. On both harvest dates, in addition to soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and pH, the macronutrient content was also determined. In the phase of physiological ripeness, the ‘Sibera’ variety showed higher acidity (1.02 g · 100 mL−1) compared with the ‘Regent’ (0.87 g · 100 mL−1). A higher soluble solids content was found in the ‘Regent’ (20.4°Brix), and slightly lower in the ‘Sibera’ (18.1°Brix). The must of the ‘Regent’ had a higher pH (3.5). This variety also had higher macronutrient contents (K, Ca and Mg). Grapes harvested after 3 weeks (late harvest) showed higher values of sugars, pH, K, and P for both varieties. However, their titratable acidity content, and Ca and Mg contents decreased. Microscopic examination showed differences in mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea on grape bunches for both of the varieties left for the late harvest. The mycelial growth promoted faster dehydration of the ‘Sibera’ berries. Spot chemical analyses of ‘Sibera’ berry peel performed using EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy) showed the occurrence of elevated contents of potassium, phosphorus, sulphur, magnesium and silicon. Around skin cracks, sugar crystals as well as hard-to-identify microcrystals were formed containing potassium. On the surface of the ‘Regent’ berries, potassium, and traces of phosphorus, silicon, magnesium, sulphur and calcium were found.

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Grafting Improves Tomato Salinity Tolerance through Sodium Partitioning within the Shoot

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.48.7.855 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (7) ◽

pp. 855-862 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Francesco Di Gioia ◽

Angelo Signore ◽

Francesco Serio ◽

Pietro Santamaria

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Fruit Juice ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Tomato Yield ◽

Solids Content

Two greenhouse experiments were carried out to analyze the shoot sodium (Na+) partitioning, yield, and fruit quality of ‘Cuore di Bue’, a salt-sensitive heirloom tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), ungrafted or grafted onto interspecific tomato hybrid rootstocks (S. lycopersicum × S. habrochaites) ‘Maxifort’ and ‘Arnold’ in 2009, ‘Arnold’ and ‘Armstrong’ in 2010, grown at different salinity stress (SS) levels (0, 20, and 40 mm of NaCl in 2009; 0 and 20 mm of NaCl in 2010). In both experiments, an interaction was observed between grafting combinations and SS levels in terms of fruit yield, and fruit juice Na+ content. Under no SS conditions, plant grafted onto ‘Maxifort’ and ‘Armstrong’ provided the highest yield in 2009 and 2010 experiments, respectively. In the presence of 20 mm of NaCl, plants grafted onto ‘Arnold’ provided a marketable yield 23.5% (on average) higher than plants grafted onto ‘Maxifort’ or ungrafted in 2009 and 33% (on average) higher than plants grafted onto ‘Armstrong’ or ungrafted in 2010. The further increase of SS to 40 mm of NaCl considerably reduced the productivity of all grafting combinations. At 20 mm of NaCl, plants grafted onto ‘Arnold’ showed also a higher capacity to modulate shoot Na+ partitioning with respect to ungrafted plants by increasing Na+ accumulation in older leaves (52%) and reducing Na+ content in younger and most active leaves (24%), thus enabling the maintenance of higher K+/Na+, Ca2+/Na+, and Mg2+/Na+ ratios compared with ungrafted plants. Fruit total soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and dry matter were unaffected by grafting at any SS level, whereas under SS, the fruit juice Na+ content of grafted plants was consistently lower (from 19% up to 68%) than that of ungrafted plants. Under moderate SS conditions (20 mm of NaCl), the use of rootstock genotypes such as ‘Arnold’ having a particular ability to reduce Na+ accumulation in younger and most active leaves may increase tomato yield and enhance tomato nutritional value by reducing the fruit juice Na+ content.

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Novel Edible Coating of Starch-Based Stenospermocarpic Mango Prolongs the Shelf Life of Mango “Ataulfo” Fruit

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2020/1320357 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sara Elena Hernández-Guerrero ◽

Rosendo Balois-Morales ◽

Yolotzin Apatzingán Palomino-Hermosillo ◽

Graciela Guadalupe López-Guzmán ◽

Guillermo Berumen-Varela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Added Value ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Edible Coatings ◽

Tropical Fruits ◽

Factorial Experimental Design ◽

Solids Content ◽

Design Weight

Edible coatings based on 2% starch (w/v) extracted from tropical fruits were applied on stenospermocarpic mango fruits with the objective to prolong its shelf life during storage and give them an added value since they have no commercial value. In this regard, stenospermocarpic mangoes were coated with starch from banana “Pear” (T1 and T2), starch from soursop (T3 and T4), and starch from stenospermocarpic mango (T5 and T6), and two uncoated control treatments (T7 and T8). The fruit of T1, T3, T5, and T7 treatments were stored for 15 days (10 days at 10 ± 2°C and then at 22 ± 2°C for 5 days). The fruit of T2, T4, T6, and T8 treatments were stored for 10 days at 22 ± 2°C. Data were analyzed with a 4×2 factorial experimental design. Weight loss (g), firmness (N), total soluble solids content (%), titratable acidity (%), and color (L∗h∗C∗) were evaluated. The fruit coated with mango starch (T5) showed less weight loss (2.57%), greater firmness (18.6 N), as well as a high content of TSS (28.76%) compared with the control. The T5 extended the shelf life of the fruit up to 15 days (10 days at 10 ± 2°C and 5 days at 22 ± 2°C).

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Sustainable Transfer of Tomato Landraces to Modern Cropping Systems: The Effects of Environmental Conditions and Management Practices on Long-Shelf-Life Tomatoes

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030533 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 533

Author(s):

Joan Casals ◽

Montserrat Martí ◽

Aurora Rull ◽

Clara Pons

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Tomato Yield ◽

Fruit Cracking ◽

Solids Content

The individual effects of biotic and abiotic factors on tomatoes have been widely reported. However, under commercial conditions, multiple interactions between factors occur, masking or even changing the direction of their effects in some cases. Here we report a comprehensive analysis of preharvest factors affecting yield, quality (soluble solids content, fruit color, and firmness), and shelf-life of long-shelf-life Mediterranean varieties of tomatoes. We studied five long-shelf-life genotypes under 16 growing environments, including tunnel and open-air systems and suboptimal to excessive fertigation (22–142% crop evapotranspiration). The results enabled us to classify traits into three groups according to the importance of the contributions of different types of factors: mainly genotype (ripening earliness and firmness), genotype plus environment (yield, fruit weight, water-use efficiency (WUE)), or genotype plus environment plus the interaction between genotype and environment (cracking, soluble solids content, and shelf-life). Under similar management practices, open-air conditions optimized yields, and high fertigation doses improved yield and marketability (firmness), but reduced quality (redness and soluble solids content). WUE was maximized under low-input cropping systems (comparable to traditional agrosystems), and the balance between WUE and yield was optimized when fertigation was adjusted to the requirements of the crop. Shelf-life was negatively correlated with high-yielding environments, and day–night amplitude in relative humidity was strongly correlated with the incidence of fruit cracking. The present study sheds light on the contributions of environment and management practices on tomato yield and quality, and provides a basis on which to select better management practices for the novel commercial group of European long-shelf-life tomato landraces.

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