scholarly journals Physicochemical and Bacteriological Quality of Water from Storage Tanks in a Tertiary Institution in Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
N. P. Akani ◽  
T. Sampson ◽  
G. C. Disegha ◽  
V. Vincent-Okwuosa
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Rivers State

Water quality analysis is essential in assessing the suitability of different water sources used for various purposes, including industrial and domestic uses. This study was therefore aimed at determining the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of water samples from different storage facilities in a tertiary institution in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The study involved eighty (80) water samples obtained from water storage tanks situated at 16 locations within the premises of the institution, to ascertain the physicochemical property, presence and population of different bacterial groups influencing the quality of these water sources. In-situ and ex-situ physicochemical analyses as well as bacteriological investigations were carried out on all samples, using standard laboratory procedures. Results of physicochemical analysis showed that the pH ranged from 4.15±0.14 to 7.16±0.08; conductivity, from 50.55±0.49 (µs/cm) to 364.00±2.83; salinity, from 0.02±0 (ppt) to 0.18±0; temperature, from 27oC to 28oC; Chloride, from 1.03±0.06 (mg/l) to 10.80±0.79; total alkalinity, from 4.00±0 (mg/l) to 11.00±1.41; Dissolved oxygen from 3.04±.020 to 7.36±0.08 (Mg/l) and BOD ranged from 0.81±0 to 4.23±0.09 (Mg/l). Results for bacterial population showed total heterotrophic bacteria ranging from 1.03±1.19 x 103   CFU/ml in water from reservoir tanks at the Faculty of Engineering, to 5.89±2.59 x 103   CFU/ml at Road A Block B; total coliform count ranged from 0 CFU/ml in most samples, to 10.00±2.36 x 102 CFU/ml in Block B reservoir tanks. Water reservoirs in clinic area recorded the highest Salmonella/Shigella counts (1.00±0.23 x 101   CFU/ml) with other stations having zero counts. Hall F (Hostel Ext) on the other hand had the highest counts for Vibrio (2.20±3.01 x 101 CFU/ml). The phenotypic characterization identified Citrobacter spp. as the most occurring (27.27%) bacterial isolate in the study, followed by Alcaligenes faecalis and Klebsiella spp. (18.18% each). Enterobacter spp., Edwardsiella spp., Erwinia psidii, Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Providentia spp. and Salmonella spp. all appeared as the least occurring, having a percentage of 4.55%, each. Tatumella spp. on the other hand had a percentage occurrence of 9.09%. This study has buttressed the need for increased water hygiene of reservoir tanks as well as water sources in these locations.

scholarly journals Quality of water sources in Southwestern Uganda using the compartment bag test (CBT): a cross-sectional descriptive study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-693
Author(s):  
Richard Onyuthi Apecu ◽  
Lucas Ampaire ◽  
Edgar Mugema Mulogo ◽  
Fred Norman Bagenda ◽  
Afsatou Traore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
World Health ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Gravitational Flow ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Compartment Bag Test

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the bacteriological quality of water sources in the two rural areas of Uganda using the compartment bag test (CBT). In total, 200 water samples were collected from 69 different water sources and processed within 6 h of collection. Positive and negative controls were processed each day together with water samples. Physical parameters were measured in situ. Descriptive statistics were used to generate mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviations and percentages. The results indicated that 29% of the water sources met the National Standards and World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for drinking water. Sixty percent of the borehole, 44% of gravitational flow taps and 14% of roof rain water met the required standards. Of the open water sources, 75% of the rivers, 50% of open channels and 43% of unprotected dug wells plus 25% of protected springs and 9% of gravitational flow schemes had most probable number counts >100 Escherichia coli/100 mL of water. Most of the water sources in the study areas were not fit for human consumption without prior treatment. The CBT was found to be robust and easy to use in all field situations. The mean physical parameters of water sources were within the acceptable limits.

Bacteriological Quality of Water Stored Exteriorly in Storage Tanks

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.O. Sule ◽  
T.O. Agbabiaka ◽  
A.V. Akomolafe
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Quality Of Water

Bacteriological quality of water samples from Kochi, Southwest Coastal India and its implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Sushma Krishna ◽  
Sadia Khan ◽  
Kavitha Dinesh ◽  
S Aswathy ◽  
Vinitha Viswanath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Quality Of Water

scholarly journals Consumption of fertilizers in districts of Slovakia in the period 2006–2015

2018 ◽  
pp. 389-398
Author(s):  
Cyril Siman ◽  
Yvetta Velísková
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Source Of Pollution

Consumption of fertilizers in districts of Slovakia in the period 2006–2015 Water quality in the surface streams is influenced by several factors. One of important information which can help us to solve problems with quality of water in water body is a distribution of point and non-point pollution sources in a river basin and also amount of pollutants released from them to surface streams. An example of a point source of pollution is the outlet from wastewater treatment plants (industry, urban areas, farms, etc.). On the other hand the most significant non-point source of pollution is considered the application of fertilizers in agriculture. In this paper we have evaluated consumption of organic and industrial fertilizers in Slovakia in the period 2006–2015. Total (in tonnes) and average (in kg ha-1) consumption of industrial and organic fertilizers was analyzed. In monitored period, the amount of applied organic fertilizers was much higher than the amount of applied industrial fertilizers and in addition a significant part of total fertilizers consumption had nitrogenous fertilizers in a group of industrial fertilizers. In a group of industrial fertilizers during the period 2006–2015 we observed just moderately increasing in their consumption, while in the period 2010–2015 the average amount of applied industrial fertilizers per hectare of agricultural land increased by about 20 kg ha-1. On the other hand, in a group of organic fertilizers we observed a decreasing in consumption of fertilizers.

scholarly journals Bacteriological quality of water samples in Osogbo Metropolis

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
OA Olowe ◽  
O Ojurongbe ◽  
OO Opaleye ◽  
OT Adedosu ◽  
RA Olowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Quality Of Water

scholarly journals Microbiological quality and genotoxicity of domestic water sources: A combined approach using Micro Biological Survey method and mutagenesis assay (micronucleus test) in root tips of Vicia faba in the West region of Cameroon

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245379
Author(s):  
Rodrigue Biguioh Mabvouna ◽  
Sali Ben Béchir Adogaye ◽  
Patrick Martial Pete Nkamedjie ◽  
Andrillene Laure Deutou Wondeu ◽  
Martin Sanou Sobze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Biological Survey ◽  
West Region ◽  
Quality Of Water

At least 2.1 billion people around the world use contaminated drinking water, causing 485,000 diarrheal deaths each year, mostly among children under 5 years old. A study conducted 10 years ago in Bafoussam (West Cameroon) recorded concentrations of bacteria among surface and groundwater. High levels of bicarbonates, phosphates, chlorides and suspended matters were also found. The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological and chemical qualities of domestic water sources in 5 localities of the West region of Cameroon. Water samples from 22 water sources (wells, springs, water drilling and river) were aseptically collected in plastic bottles and transferred in 50 ml sterile tubes. For chlorinated water sources, 1 ml of Thiosulfate was added to the water sample; immediately placed in an ice box and transported to the laboratory for analysis. Water temperature and pH were measured on site. The microbiological quality of water was determined by testing Total Coliforms (TC) using the Micro Biological Survey method. 1 ml of each water sample was inoculated in the MBS vial initially rehydrated with 10 ml of sterile distilled water. The initial color of the vials is red. Color changes were monitored at three different time intervals (12h, 19h and 24h), corresponding to three levels of contamination. The chemical quality of water was assessed using micronucleus (MN) test in selected Vicia faba seeds secondary root tips permanently mounted in Dibutylphthalate Polystyrene Xylene mountant for histology after 72 hours of direct exposition in water samples and in dark. The mitotic indices and MN frequencies were evaluated in 10 root tips per site analysing 5000 cells per tip. Statistical analyses were done using Stata IC/15.0 software. The Student t-test was used for mean comparison and the significance level was set at 1%. The majority of samples were collected from wells (63.6%). The mean water pH ranged from 5.5 to 8.3 and the temperature varied from 23 to 26°C. A very high concentration of TC [>103 CFU/ml] was found in 8 (36.4%) samples. 10 (45.5%) and 2 (9.1%) samples turned yellow at 19 and 24 hours respectively after incubation corresponding to TC concentration of [10<x<103 CFU/ml] and [1<x< 10 CFU/ml]. The MN frequency was higher (P ≤ 0.01) compared to the negative control in 9 (40.9%) water samples indicating significant genotoxic effects of these water sources. This study highlighted the poor quality of domestic water sources in West region of Cameroon and the need to conduct regular monitoring of drinking water sources. Community capacity building on water treatment methods, including good wastes management should be implemented to help improve water quality.

scholarly journals The effects of the flood of October 2008 on the water quality in the M’zab valley, Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Kheira Bouamer ◽  
Boualem Remini ◽  
Mohamed Habi ◽  
Khaled Rezzag
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Alluvial Aquifer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Volumetric Methods

Abstract With a flow estimated at 1200 m3∙s−1 and a height of 8 m downstream, the flood that occurred on October 10, 2008 spread along the M’zab River over a length of more than 180 km. Material and human damage is visible, but its effects on the quality of the waters of the alluvial layer remain unknown: this is the purpose of this paper. Samples of groundwater were taken during the period 2005–2012 in 4 oases of the valley. Physicochemical analyses were performed using molecular and flame spectroscopic methods and also volumetric methods on water samples. The results obtained were interpreted using histograms and hydrochemical diagrams, such as the Avignon software (L.H.A) (version 4, 2008). Low effect of flood on the water quality of the alluvial aquifer was manifested by concentrations of magnesium sulphate and calcium chloride. On the other hand, there is an accumulation of salts infiltrated by sewage except for the zone of Bouchen. The diagrams show that there is an improvement in water quality in this area.

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