scholarly journals Cardiovascular manifestations of People Newly Diagnosed HIV/AIDS and their Correlation with CD4 Count: Report from Northern India

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Ritu Attri ◽  
Arashbir Kaur ◽  
Satish Sachdeva ◽  
Mandip Singh Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Doppler Study ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: About 21.17 lakhs people in India and about 0.49 lakh people in Punjab are living with HIV according to National AIDS Control Organization Annual Report (2015-16). Cardiovascular complications of HIV infection tend to occur late in the disease and are therefore becoming more prevalent in our society as therapy and longevity improve. Aims of this Study: To study incidence of cardiovascular morbidity in newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients and their correlation with CD4 count. To study the types of cardiovascular morbidities in newly diagnosed HIV /AIDS patients and their correlation with CD4 count. Methods: 100 HIV patients newly diagnosed by ELISA technique were selected for the study. All patients were subjected to cardiovascular investigations like ECG, ECHO using Philips iE33 Ultrasound Machine with X-MATRIX Technology with X5-1, supports 3D,2D colour flow, M-mode, Pulsed Wave/Continuous Wave (PW/CW) Doppler, Tissue Doppler imaging and chest x-ray. Results: Majority of the patients were asymptomatic (84%). Commonest being Chest pain(1%). 7% patients had ECG abnormalities. Commonest being sinus tachycardia (4), one patient had atrial fibrillation and 2 had LVH.Two patients had Cardiomegaly on X ray examination while remaining 98 patients had normal cardiac size. Out of the 100 patients studied, 27% patients had cardiac involvement on Echocardiography / Colour Doppler study. Out of these 27 patients, 22(80.65%) had CD4 count less than 200, 4(12.90%) had CD4 count between 201-350 and 1(6.45%) had CD4 count>350.Diastolic Dysfunction was most common abnormality followed by tricuspid regurgitation and systolic dysfunction and pericardial effusion on echocardiography / colour Doppler study. 20 patients had Diastolic Dysfunction, out of which 19 had Grade 1 diastolic dysfunction and 1 had Grade 2 diastolic dysfunction. Grade 3 and Grade 4 diastolic dysfunction was not seen in any patient. All patients with Diastolic Dysfunction had CD4 counts less than 200.Six patients had Mild Systolic Dysfunction, out of them 4 were males and 2 were females, all the males had an EF=50%, while females had EF of 50% and 52% respectively. 4 patients had CD4 count less than 200, 1 had CD4 count between 201-350 and remaining 1 CD4 count more than 350.Two patients had Pericardial Effusion and their CD4 count was less than 200. Conclusion: The commonest cardiac abnormality being detected diastolic dysfunction and least common being pericardial effusion. Diastolic dysfunction is directly related to CD4 count.

scholarly journals Body mass index increases CD4+ count in HIV/AIDS patients on first-line therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Mirna Widiyanti ◽  
Moch Irfan Hadi ◽  
Mei Lina Fitri Kumalasari ◽  
Evi Iriani Natalia ◽  
Dedi Ananta Purba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
First Line ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background<br />The body mass index (BMI) may contribute somewhat to drug metabolism, thus affecting the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART). CD4+ counts   in people infected with HIV are essential in determining the stage of the disease, initiation of antiretroviral therapy, opportunistic infections and evaluating treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the association of BMI and clinical stage with CD4+ counts in HIV patients seeking treatment using first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART).<br /><br />Methods<br />An analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted involving 251 HIV/AIDS patients who had received first-line antiretrovirals over six months. BMI, clinical staging according to WHO and CD4 + were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between BMI, clinical stage and CD4+.<br /><br />Results<br />Among the enrolled patients, the median age was 36 years, 135 (55%) of the patients was female, 102 (40.6%) was overweight/obese, 161 (64.1%) was in stage 3 of the disease, and the median CD4+ count was 389 cells/mm3. Multiple linear regression test showed two variables with a significant effect on CD4+ count, namely BMI (B=69.247; 95 % CI : 42.886-95.608) and clinical stage (B=61.590; 28.910-94.270). BMI was the most influencing factor for CD4+ count (β=0.307) compared to clinical stage (β=0.216). <br /><br />Conclusions<br />Body mass index was the most influencing factor for CD4 + counts of HIV/AIDS patients. Regular ART can increase CD4+ counts and maintain the health of HIV/AIDS patients.

scholarly journals Undernutrition and associated factors among adult HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in eastern zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsegu Hailu Gebru ◽  
Haftea Hagos Mekonen ◽  
Kbrom Gemechu Kiros
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Zone ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Undernutrition and HIV/AIDS are highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, Ethiopia inclusive as linked in a vicious cycle. Thus, several studies have documented that undernutrition among HIV/AIDS patients increases the risk of mortality, decrease survival rates, affect the overall clinical outcome and quality of life. Despite this fact, information about the burden of undernutrition and associated factors among adults receiving antiretroviral therapy is lacking in the particular study area. Hence, this study aimed to examine the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among adult HIV/AIADS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy patients in Eastern Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional research design was adopted in data collection while systematic sampling technique was employed to sample and select the study subjects. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information from 394 study subjects through face to face method. Also, data on demographics, laboratory and anthropometric variables were collected from each selected patients sampled. The data collected were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22.. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence interval were used to find factors associated with undernutrition. The adjusted odds ratio was calculated to show the strength of the association. Variables with p-value of < 0.05 were considered statically significant. Results The mean age of the respondents was 41 (± 10). Out of 394 study respondents, about 42.9% of them were undernourished (95% CI: 37.8–47.7). Respondents who had CD4+ count less than 200 cells/μl (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1–3.36), being advanced clinical staging (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI: 2.11–6.18), and not taking co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.21–4.6) were independently associated with undernutrition. Conclusion The result of this study indicated that the prevalence of undernutrition was high. Respondents with advanced clinical stage of CD4+ count less than 200 cells/ul and those that were not taking co-trimoxazole preventive therapy was found to be positively associated with undernutrition. Therefore, the implementation of nutritional programs is very crucial to improve the nutritional status of HIV/AIDS patients in the particular study.

Osteoporosis In Turkish HIV/AIDS patients: comparative analysis by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and digital X-ray radiogrammetry

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1363-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Özçakar ◽  
Gulay Sain Guven ◽  
Serhat Ünal ◽  
Ayşen Akıncı
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Manifestations of tuberculosis in HIV/AIDS patients and its relationship with CD4 count

Lung India ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Sharma ◽  
Rajeev Raina ◽  
Ajay Jaryal ◽  
Malay Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Hiv Aids

Manifestation of tuberculosis in HIV/AIDS patients and its relationship with CD4 count

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Gagiya ◽  
Nilesh Doctor ◽  
Shailendre Gamit ◽  
Ankur Patel ◽  
Khusbu Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Sonographic detection of abdominal pathologies in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients and its correlation with CD4 counts – A prospective analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tejas Kanthrao Mankeshwar ◽  
Ashok Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Objectives: Abdominal pathologies are the second most common after pulmonary diseases in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients. Ultrasonography (USG) is a vital imaging technique for the evaluation of abdominal pathologies. This study was aimed at evaluating the abdominal pathologies using USG in HIV/AIDS and further analysis of its correlation with CD4 count. Material and Methods: The present study was carried out on 392 HIV-positive patients with abnormal abdominal sonographic findings. All data were analyzed by Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance using SPSS 16.0 software. Results: Of these 392 patients, 66.3% were males, the mean age was 35.7 years, (range 7–64 years) and most of them were in 4th decade. On ultrasonographic evaluation, spleen was involved in 45.2% patients and liver as well as lymph nodes each was involved in 43.6% patients. Other cases displayed ascites and bowel thickening in 5.3% and 3.8% patients, respectively. Less involvement of kidney (2.3%), pancreas (1.5%), and biliary system (1.3%) was observed. In addition, pathologies such as hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, splenic microabscess, focal pancreatic lesion, mesenteric, and periportal lymphadenopathy showed significant correlation with CD4 counts. Lymphoma was found in 1% of patients, involving liver, pancreas, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Conclusion: Our study highlights the clinical utility of abdominal USG in HIV/AIDS patients. CD4 counts largely affect the differential diagnosis in HIV/AIDS patients. USG findings interpreted in the context of CD4 count may help in guiding the exact diagnosis.

Link between diabetes and diastolic dysfunction and the diagnostic role of echocardiography

2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (45) ◽  
pp. 2060-2067 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Nagy ◽  
Zsuzsanna Cserép
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Diastolic Heart Failure ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Doppler Study

Diabetes mellitus, a disease that has been reaching epidemic proportions, is an important risk factor to the development of cardiovascular complication. The left ventricular diastolic dysfunction represents the earliest pre-clinical manifestation of diabetic cardiomyopathy, preceding systolic dysfunction and being able to evolve to symptomatic heart failure. In early stages, these changes appear reversible with tight metabolic control, but as pathologic processes become organized, the changes are irreversible and contribute to an excess risk of heart failure among diabetic patients. Doppler echocardiography provides reliable data in the stages of diastolic function, as well as for systolic function. Combination of pulsed tissue Doppler study of mitral annulus with transmitral inflow may be clinically valuable for obtaining information about left ventricular filling pressure and unmasking Doppler inflow pseudonormal pattern, a hinge point for the progression toward advanced heart failure. Subsequently we give an overview about diabetes and its complications, their clinical relevance and the role of echocardiography in detection of diastolic heart failure in diabetes.

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