Evaluation of secretory activity in carp pancreatocytes (Cyprinus carpio L.) when using lactobacillus-based chelate and probiotic supplemental feed complexes

The experimental research was carried out on the juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The impact from supplemental feeds consisting of variable concentrations of chelate compounds, biogenic trace elements and probiotic lactobacillus-based product Bacillus subtilis VKPM B-2335 was evaluated. Optical and qualitative parameters of the lactobacillus base were studied in order to identify the major group of substances potentially able to influence the end result. The purpose of this research was to identify changes in the structure of the zymogen granules and their dimensions at which supplemental feeds produce a stimulating effect on the synthesis of zymogens in exogenous cells of the secretory part of pancreas. At the outcome of the study, for the first time, it was possible to prove that the integrated action of chelates and lactobacillus-based probiotics complemented each other. Metal chelate compounds contributed to enlargement of the zymogen granules, if compared to the control values. The bacterial products accelerated production of the zymogen granules in acinar cells diffusely located in carp hepatopancreas.

Effect of Fluidized Bed Drying, Matrix Constituents and Structure on the Viability of Probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei ATCC 55544 during Storage at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C

The stabilization of probiotics for application in non-refrigerated food products is a challenging task. In the present study, bacteria were immobilized in a dairy matrix comprising of whole milk powder, skim milk powder, or milk protein isolate using fluidized bed drying technology. The samples were taken out at different drying stages, with an apparent water activity of aw 0.5, aw 0.4, and aw 0.3, respectively, and vacuum-packed to maintain the aw and stored at three different temperatures of 4 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C. The study evaluated the impact of matrix constituents, milk fat, protein, and carbohydrate on the viability of encapsulated probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei (Lacticaseibacillus paracasei) ATCC 55544 during storage for 1 month. The whole milk powder matrix provided superior protection to the bacteria. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) was used to investigate the structure of the immobilizing matrix and the location of the probiotic L. paracasei cells embedded within the matrix. The CLSM study revealed that the probiotic bacterial cells are mostly embedded as clusters beneath the top layer. We hypothesize that the biofilm-like structure, together with the protective whole milk powder matrix, helps to retain the superior viability of probiotic cells during storage at non-refrigerated storage conditions of 25 °C and 37 °C.

Probiotic can Prevent Sepsis in Rats Induced by Lipopolysaccharide Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli bacterial infection (E. coli) is the cause of sepsis in critically ill patients. Consumption of probiotic is one attempt to increase endurance against bacterial infections. This study aimed to determine the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus spp. on pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 (IL-1)), sepsis markers (procalcitonin (PCT) and white blood cell (WBC) count in rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) E. coli. Twenty-one rats were divided into three groups: (1) group of healthy control rats, (2) group of rats induced by LPS E. coli, and (3) group of rats treated by Lactobacillus spp. and induced by LPS E. coli. The group of rats treated by Lactobacillus spp. and induced by LPS E. coli was treated with additional Lactobacillus spp. probiotic on day 1-14, then induced with LPS E. coli on day 15. All blood samples were taken on the 16th day. IL-1 and PCT levels were analyzed with the ELISA method, the WBC count was measured with improved Neubauer hemocytometer. The group of rats induced by LPS E. coli had the highest IL-1, PCT, and WBC count. The statistical analysis of IL-1 did not show a significant difference (p > 0.05), but PCT and WBC count showed significant difference when compared with group of rats treated by Lactobacillus spp. (p < 0.05). Probiotic Lactobacillus spp. can prevent sepsis in rats induced by LPS E. coli.

Microbiota Targeted Interventions of Probiotic Lactobacillus as an Anti-Ageing Approach: A Review

With the implementation of modern scientific protocols, the average human lifespan has significantly improved, but age-related problems remain a challenge. With the advent of ageing, there are alterations in gut microbiota and gut barrier functions, weak immune responses, increased oxidative stress, and other age-related disorders. This review has highlighted and discussed the current understanding on the significance of gut microbiota dysbiosis and ageing and its inherent effects against age-related oxidative stress as well as on the gut health and gut-brain axis. Further, we have discussed the key mechanism of action of Lactobacillus strains in the longevity of life, alleviating gut dysbiosis, and improving oxidative stress and inflammation to provide an outline of the role of Lactobacillus strains in restoration of gut microbiota dysbiosis and alleviating certain conditions during ageing. Microbiota-targeted interventions of some characterized strains of probiotic Lactobacillus for the restoration of gut microbial community are considered as a potential approach to improve several neurological conditions. However, very limited human studies are available on this alarmed issue and recommend further studies to identify the unique Lactobacillus strains with potential anti-ageing properties and to discover its novel core microbiome-association, which will help to increase the therapeutic potential of probiotic Lactobacillus strains to ageing.

Efficacy of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri on chronic generalised periodontitis: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials in humans

It is well recognized fact that periodontal diseases are caused by multifactorial etiologies; in which microorganisms play an important role. An essential component of therapy is to eliminate or manage these pathogens. This has been traditionally accomplished through mechanical means by scaling and root planning and adjunctive anti-infective therapy, which includes local and systemic antimicrobials. But the unwarranted use of antimicrobial is associated with adverse effects and development of resistance. To overcome these problems newer technologies have been tested in the field of periodontics; one of these therapies is use of probiotic. This approach of therapy is of interest to periodontist due to the aforementioned shortcomings of conventional methods. A manual and electronic search was made for human studies up to November 2020 that presented systemic and local use of probiotics in generalised chronic periodontitis. A systematic approach was followed by two independent reviewers and included eligibility criteria for study inclusion, quality assessment, and determination of outcome measures, data extraction, data synthesis, and drawing of conclusion. Only 3 randomized controlled human trials qualified, and they concluded that use of probiotic Lactobacillus Reuteri proves beneficial in improving clinical and microbiological parameters in generalised chronic periodontitis.